Poultry Flashcards
Foot Pad Dermatitis
In turkeys - usually secondary to high stocking density, moist litter and poor ventilation
What is a maladaptive behavior frequently associated with egg-laying hens?
Excessive pecking
What is Scaley leg mite?
Caused by knemidocoptes mutans, it causes hyperkeratosis, leading to crusting lesions of the skin. TX - ivermectin or Moxidectin
What is infectious bronchitis in chickens?
It is caused by coronavirus, spread by aerosol and ingestion. It usually affects all exposed birds. CS - coughing, sneezing, facial swelling. Necropsy shows mucoid exudate in the bronchi, thickened air sacs, interstital nephritis.
What is the most highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in poultry?
H5N2
What is the causative agent of fowl cholera? What clinical signs does it cause? Diagnosis? Treatment?
Pasturella multocida - gram negative rod non motile, pleomorphic
CS - fever, mucous discharge from the mouth, diarrhea, petechiae, ecchymoses, increased pericardial and peritoneal fluid, and death. Diagnosed from identifying organism on samples. Treatment - vaccines to prevent and sulfa antibiotics for tx. Can also use tetracyclines or penicillins.
Will find gram negative bacteria in blood or tissues.
What is the causative agent of turkey coryza? What are the clinical signs? Diagnosis? Treatment?
Bordetella avium (avian bordetellosis)
High morbidity and low mortality
CS - nasal discharge, foamy eyes, and cough.
Diagnosis - MacConkey agar or serology
Vaccine available but variable results and antimicrobial therapy not rewarding
What is Ortnithosis in turkeys? What are the clinical signs? What is seen on necropsy and Histopath?
Caused by Chlamydia psittaci
Nasal and ocular discharge, weight loss, inappetence and sudden death
Necropsy - pneumonia, multifocal necrosis in the liver and spleen, and severe pericarditis.
Histology - Basophillic intracytoplasmic inclusions in multiple organs
What is the causative agent of infectious laryngotracheitis in chickens? What are the clinical signs? Diagnostics? Treatment?
Herpesvirus is the causative agent
CS - Dyspnea, coughing, races, and bloody tracheal discharge
Diagnostics: based on CS and confirmed by demonstration of intranuclear inclusion bodies in the tracheal epithelium or by isolation of the virus through the tissue samples
Treatment - prevention and supportive care, vaccination recommended
What is Koilin in chickens?
Thick, yellow protein layer that is produced by, covers, and protects the epithelium that lines the gizzard in chickens. It grinds up food with aid by particles. The Koilin helps protect the lining of the organ.
Most common source of Campylobacter infection in humans?
Undercooked chicken
What is the causative agent for coccidosis in chickens? What are the clinical signs?
Eimeria
CS - severe diarrhea, decreased production, and death
Diagnosis - demonstration of oocytes in feces
Tx - anti-coccidial drugs
Which of the following diseases in turkeys is a common route of transmission from fighting among Tom turkeys older than 10-12 weeks of age?
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae which is a common soil contaminant and can be spread into the skin wounds by turkeys that are fighting.
How do you identify Erysipelas? What are the clinical signs? Clinical signs? Treatment?
Erysipelas is a gram-positive, slender, pleomorphic rods in the liver. CS - sudden death, ataxia, weakness.
Necropsy - diffuse darkening of the skin and enlarged and friable livers and spleens
Tx - intramuscular sodium penicillin (rapid-acting penicillin simultaneously with erysipelas bacterin)
What is infectious bronchitis caused by? How is it spread? What are the clinical signs? Diagnostics?
Caused by coronavirus, transmitted by aerosol and ingestion, usually affects all exposed birds.
CS - coughing, sneezing, facial swelling
Necropsy - mucous exudate in the bronchi and thickened air sacs
Diagnostics - viral isolation after serial passage (3-5 ) in chick embryos, PCR, monoclonal antibody serotyping
Tx -
