Posterior Triangle Of The Neck Flashcards
Boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck
Base Apex Anterior Posterior Roof Floor
Middle 1/3 of clavicle
Meeting point of trapezius and SCM with superior nuchal lines
Posterior border of SCM
Anterior surface of trapezius
Investing deep cervical fascia and superficial fascia of platysma,external jugular vein,4 cutaneous nerves and vessels
Prevertebral fascia
List the Muscles of the posterior triangle of the neck
Scalene muscles
Levator scapulae
Splenius capitis
Semispinalis capitis
What divides the posterior triangle of the neck
And into what?
Inferior belly of omohyoid muscle
Occipital triangle
Subclavian/supraclavicular triangle
Origin and insertion of the splenius capitis muscle
C7-T3
Posterior Mastoid process
Blood vessels in the posterior triangle of the neck
Terminal part of external jugular vein 3rdpart of subclavian artery Subclavian vein Transverse cervical artery and vein Suprascapular artery and vein Occipital artery
Mention 2 structures vulnerable to damage in the posterior triangle of t and how
External jugular vein: if cut, air enters ,blood gushed out and doesn’t close because of the deep cervical fascia. You can manage it by applying pressure till you get medical help
Spinal accessory nerve: during surgery
List the Nerves in the posterior triangle of the neck
Great auricular nerve C2,C3 Lesser occipital nerve C2 Transverse cervical nerve C2C3 Supraclavicular nerve C3,C4 Spinal accessory nerve Roots and trunks of brachial plexus Cervical plexus Muscular branches to trapezius and levator scapulae Dorsal scapula nerve
What point is cervical nerve block administered
Junction between superior and middle part of SCM . Where the cutaneous nerves are emerging
Where is brachial plexus block administered
Between first rib and skin above clavicle
Contents of occipital triangle of the posterior triangle of the neck
Occipital artery Spinal accessory nerve Dorsal scapula nerve Transverse cervical artery and vein 4 cutaneous nerves Lymph nodes Root of brachial plexus Muscular nerve branches to trapezius and levator scapulae
Contents of the subclavian triangle of the posterior triangle of the neck
3rd part Subclavian artery Subclavian vein Beginning and end of transverse cervical artery and vein respectively Suprascapular artery and vein Supraclavicular lymph nodes 3 Trunks of brachial plexus Terminal part of external jugular vein Dorsal scapula arteries
Swelling in the posterior triangle of the neck can be caused by
Enlargement of lymph nodes… especially the supraclavicular lymph nodes
The left supraclavicular lymph node is also called?
Virchow’s lymph nodes
Virchow’s lymph nodes are associated with cancer from ??
Abdominal organs, testes, etc
Describe totrucollis AKA -
And list the types
Twisting of head one way and chin facing opposite way
Wry neck
Spasmodic torticollis
Reflex torticollis
Congenital torticollis
Describe the types of torticollis
Spasmodic: painful contraction of trapezius and SCM on one side.. could be caused by exposure to cold or maladjustment of pillow
Reflex:irritated spinal accessory nerve causes by inflamed lymph nodes
Congenital:birth injury to the muscle
What can cause permanent torticollis
Ischemia of the muscles
Describe sternomastoid tumor
Swelling in middle third of SCM due to edema and ischemic necrosis caused by birth trauma
Origin of Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Sternal head: anterolateral SURAFCE of the manubium, below suprasternal notch . Rounded head
Clavicular head: flat head;medial third of the superior surface of the clavicle ; passes deep to sternal head
Location of terminal part of internal jugular vein
Lesser supraclavicular fossa
Another name for the greater supraclavicular fossa is ?
Supraclavicular triangle or subclavian triangle
The platysma muscle surrounds the whole neck
T/F
F. Only the front and halfway into the sides
Arrange the infrahyoid muscles from medial to lateral
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid
3 things directing in front of the Prevertebral fascia
Alar fascia, retro pharyngeal soace, buccopharyngeal fascia
Carotid sheath encloses what?
Common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, vagus nerve
Which is more anterior
Sternohyoid or sternothyroid muscle
Sternohyoid muscle
Ansa cervicalis is a component of —- and supplies—-
Cervical plexus
Geniohyoid of suprahyoid
All infrahyoid except thyrohyoid
Another name for virchow’s node beside left supraclavicular is?
Scalene or signal nodes
Branches of the subclavian artery
V is vertebral artery
I is internal thoracic artery
T is thyrocervical trunk
C is Costocervical trunk
D is Dorsal Scapular artery
Swellings in the posterior triangle of the neck can be due to ??
Besides virchow’s node
Lipoma
Lymphangioma/cystic hygroma
Cervical rib
Describe lipoma
fatty lump most often situated between the skin and underlying muscle layer.
Lipomas are slow growing and usually harmless. Rarely, they can be cancerous. Some people have more than one.
Describe cystic hygroma
/lymphangioma is a fluid-filled sac that results from a blockage in the lymphatic system . It is most commonly located in the neck or head area, but can be located anywhere in the body. It may be discovered in a fetus during a pregnancy ultrasound , or it may be apparent at birth as a soft bulge under the skin.
