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ANA 203 > Blood Supply To The Head And Neck > Flashcards

Blood Supply To The Head And Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of right and left subclavian artery

A

right is from brachiocephalic trunk(has only a cervical part)
-left is from arch of aorta(has a cervical and thoracic part)

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2
Q

The brachiocephalic trunk bifurcated at what point

A

Sternoclavicular joint

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3
Q

SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY

divided into - parts by the-

A

3

Scalenus anterior

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4
Q

Origin of Costocervical trunk on the right subclavian artery and left subclavian artery

A

note that the Costocervical trunk is from the second part on the right and first part on The left

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5
Q

largest branch of first part of subclavian artery

A

Vertebral artery

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6
Q

Vertebral artery is divided into - parts
State their regions

And ending of vertebral artery is?

A

divided into 4 parts; 1st is from origin to foramen transversarium of C6; second is from FT C6 to FT C1; third is from FT C1 to foramen magnum; fourth is from foramen magnum to lower pons
-it ends by merging with its brother to form basilar arteyy

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7
Q 
What originates from the
 inferior part of subclavian 
Opposite the inferior part of subclavian 
Largest branch of subclavian 
Shorts and wide branch of subclavian
A

Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical trunk
Vertebral artery
Costocervical trunk

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8
Q

At what level does the internal thoracic artery terminal and into what?

A

6th intercoastal space

By becoming musculophrenic artery and superior epigastric artery

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9
Q

Internal thoracic artery enters the thorax anterior or posterior to the sternoclavicular joint?

A

Posterior to

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10
Q

Branches of the thyrocervical trunk

A

Inferior thyroid artery
Transverse cervical artery
Suprascapular artery

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11
Q

Branches of Costocervical trunk

A

A deep cervical branch

2 posterior intercoastal branch

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12
Q

Origin and alternative origin on dorsal scapula artery

A

either a direct branch or deep branch of transverse cervical artery

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13
Q

Arteries involved in the arterial anastomoses of scapula

A

Deep branch of transverse cervical artery
Suprascapular artery

Subscapular artery(3rd part of axillary)
Circumflex scapula artery (branch of subscapula)
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14
Q

Origin of the right and left common carotid artery

A

right carotid originates from a bifurcation at right sternoclavicular joint
-left is directly from arch of aorta

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15
Q

Branches of the common carotid in the neck

A

the 2 common carotid arteries do not give any branch in the neck

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16
Q

Point of bifurcation of the common carotid arteries

A

the common carotid arteries bifurcate at C4(level of superior margin of thyroid cartilage )

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17
Q

Which triangle does bifurcation of common carotid artery occur

A

this bifurcation occurs in the carotid triangle

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18
Q

Orientation of the external carotid vs internal carotid

A

has a curved course making it anteromedial to internal carotid at the lower part and anterolateral to it at the upper part

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19
Q

External carotid artery supplies which areas of the body

A

supplies areas of head and neck external to the cranium

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20
Q

External carotid artery travels up behind the ——- but anterior to —— and bifurcates in the ——- into—— and ——-

A

travels up the neck; posterior to mandibular neck but anterior to the lobule of the ear
-ends within the parotid gland by dividing into superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery (deep)

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21
Q

How many non- terminal branches does External carotid artery have?

A

has 6 branches in total

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22
Q

List the branches of the External carotid artery

A 
Superior thyroid artery 
Ascending pharyngeal artery 
Lingual artery 
Facial artery 
Occipital artery 
Posterior auricular artery
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23
Q

Orientation of the branches of the External carotid artery

Superior thyroid artery 
Ascending pharyngeal artery 
Lingual artery 
Facial artery 
Occipital artery 
Posterior auricular artery
A

arises from front of ECA ,just below the tip of greater Cornu of hyoid bone
medial aspect of ECA
from front of ECA, opposite the tip of greater Cornu of hyoid bone
from front of ECA , just above the tip of greater Cornu of hyoid bone
from back of ECA just above the tip of greater Cornu of hyoid bone
Back of ECA Above occipital

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24
Q

What is the main arterial supply of the tongue

A

Lingual artery

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25
Q

Lingual artery may originate from —- instead of as a direct branch of ECA

Lingual artery is divided into - by - muscle

A

Linguofacial trunk

3 parts by hyoglossus muscle

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26
Q

Which branches of the ECA runs along the lower and upper border of the posterior belly of digastric muscle

A

Lower: occipital
Above: posterior auricular

27
Q

Branches of internal carotid artery in the neck

A

do not supply any structures in the neck

28
Q

The internal carotid artery enters the cranium through which canal located where

A

Carotid canal located in the Petrous part of temporal bone

29
Q

atherosclerosis of the internal carotid can lead to?

A

Cerebral ischemia (stroke)

30
Q

Orientation of the subclavian vein

A
  • joins with IJV at the medial border of scalenus anterior
  • subclavian vein is located infront of and a bit lower than the subclavian artery
  • located anterior to scalene anterior muscle
31
Q

Does subclavian veins have valves

If yes, where
If no, why

A

Yes

2cm from its Point of termination

32
Q

Tributaries of the subclavian vein

A

External jugular vein , cepjalic vein, anterior jugular vein (sometimes), dorsal scapular vein, thoracic duct on the left and right lymphatic duct on the right

33
Q

List the major jugular veins

A

3 main; external, internal, anterior

34
Q

External jugular vein is formed by the union of —

A

Posterior auricular vein and Posterior branch of retromandibular vein

35
Q

External jugular vein is formed at which point

A

Posterior to the angle of mandible , inferior to outer ear

36
Q

List the tributaries of the External jugular vein

A 
Posterior External jugular vein 
Anterior jugular vein 
Oblique jugular vein 
Transverse cervical vein
Suprascapular vein
37
Q

Surface marking of the External jugular vein

A

A line from neck of mandible to middle of clavicle

38
Q

External jugular vein :
has how many valves
Their location
Functions

A

2 valves
One at its site of termination, the other if 4cm above the clavicle
They do no prevent the regurgitation of blood

39
Q

How do the 2 anterior jugular veins communicate

A

Through the jugular venous arch

40
Q

Course of the anterior jugular vein

A

descends in superficial fascia then pierces the DCV 1 inch above the jugular notch to enter suprasternal space of burns
-then turns laterally Sharply, goes deep to SCM and empties into the EJV

41
Q

What is the largest vein in the neck

A

Internal jugular vein

42
Q

Internal jugular vein begins as a continuation of —-

A

Sigmoid sinus

43
Q

Internal jugular vein exits the skull through?

A

Jugular foramen

44
Q

The superior most and inferior most parts of the Internal jugular vein are?

A

Superior bulb and inferior bulb

45
Q

Function of the valve of the inferior bulb of Internal jugular vein

A

has a valve to stop back flow of blood

46
Q

Which is larger between the right and left internal jugular veins

A

-right Is usually larger than left because it drain the larger superior sagittal sinus while left drains the smaller inferior sagittal sinus

47
Q

Surface marking of internal jugular vein

A

Marked from midpoint of tip of mastoid process and angle of mandible to sternoclavicular joint

48
Q

Tributaries of internal jugular vein

A

Common facial vein, lingual, superior and middle thyroid,internal petrosal vein, pharyngeal vein

49
Q

What is the most important tributary of the Internal jugular vein

A

Common facial vein

50
Q

Who is more anterior at the beginning

Internal jugular vein or internal carotid artery

A

ICA lies in front of IJV in the beginning and the last 4 cranial nerves lie in between them

51
Q

Internal jugular vein is crossed by - muscles, -veins,- nerves, - arteries

A

2 muscles, 2 arteries, 1 vein, 2 nerves

52
Q

Function of oblique jugular vein

A

oblique jugular vein may connect EJV and IJV

53
Q

Which nodes like the Internal jugular vein full length

A

Deep cervical lymph nodes

54
Q

What happens at the lower end to both Internal jugular vein

A

At the lower end, both the internal jugular veins (right and left) tend to shift to the right, so that the right comes to lie further lateral to the right common carotid artery while the left tends to overlap the left common carotid artery.

55
Q

DURAL venous sinuses are spaces between?

A

spaces between the periosteal and meningeal layers of dura matter

56
Q

Location of cavernous sinus

A

located next to the lateral aspect of the body of the sphenoid bone

57
Q

Tributaries of the cavernous sinuses

A

2 opthalamic veins, middle superficial cerebral veins, and sphenoparietal sinus

58
Q

Stuffs located within the cavernous sinus

A

Internal carotid artery

CN 3,4,5a,5b,and 6

59
Q

Function of the internal carotid artery in the cavernous sinus

A

to cool the arterial blood before it reaches the brain

60
Q

What connects the facial vein to the cavernous sinus and the implications of this connection

A

facial vein is connected to cavernous sinus by superior opthalamic vein
-facial vein is valveless allowing infections from the facial vein to be spread to the sinuses

61
Q

Implication of infection in the cavernous sinuses

A

if the cavernous sinus gets infected, its contents are in danger

62
Q

Terminal branch of the opthalamic artery?

A

Dorsal nasal artery

63
Q

Middle meningeal artery is a branch of ——- which is a branch of ———

A

Maxillary artery; external carotid artery

64
Q

Mnemonic for maxillary artery branches is _____

A

DAM I AM Piss Drunk , But Stupid Drunk I Prefer Must Phone Alcoholic Anonymous

ANA 203 (26 decks)

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