Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANA 203 > LARYNX and PHONATION > Flashcards

LARYNX and PHONATION Flashcards

1
Q

LARYNX is the portion of the respiratory tract containing the——

A

vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Larynx is——-long

A

2-inch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Larynx is a——-shaped organ that opens into the ———above and is continuous with the——- below

A

tube

laryngeal part of the pharynx

trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Relations of the larynx
Arteries:——-
Veins:——-
Nerve:—-

A

Carotid arteries, Superior and inferior thyroid arteries

jugular veins

Superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves, vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Structure of the larynx.

consists of four basic components:

A

A cartilaginous skeleton
Membranes and ligaments
Intrinsic and extrinsic muscles
Mucosal lining

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q 
Cartilages of the larynx 
Single Cartilages:
—
—
—-
Paired Cartilages:
—
—
—
A

Thyroid
Cricoid
Epiglottis

Arytenoid
Corniculate
Cuneiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

All the cartilages, except the——, are of —- type of cartilage

A

epiglottis

hyaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Epiglottis is formed of——- cartilage

A

elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Thyroid Cartilage
-Has—— laminae
- meet in the—- and form a prominent angle, called——
-also form the superior thyroid notch at the—- margin of the thyroid cartilage
-The posterior border of each lamina forms———
——surface of each lamina shows an—- line which gives attachment to___,____ &_____
-The superior border of each lamina gives attachment to the——— membrane

A

two

midline; laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple)

rostral

superior & inferior cornu (horns)

Outer ;oblique; thyrohyoid; sternothyroid; inferior constrictor of the pharynx

thyrohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Cricoid Cartilage

  • Lies—— the thyroid cartilage
  • Forms a—- ring
  • Has a—— anterior arch & a—— posterior lamina
  • Has an articular facet on its—— surface for articulation with——-(a—— joint)
  • Has an articular facet—— border for articulation with base of—— (a—— joint)
A

below

complete

narrow; broad

Lateral; inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage ; synovial

Upper; arytenoid cartilage; synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Arytenoid Cartilages

  • paired
  • Small,—— in shape
  • Situated at the—- of the larynx
  • has a base articulating with the—- border of the—— cartilage
  • has An apex supporting the —-cartilage
  • has A—— process projecting forward, gives attachment to the——
  • has A——- process projecting——, gives attachment to muscles
A

pyramidal

back

upper; cricoid

corniculate

vocal; vocal ligament

muscular; laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Corniculate & Cuneiform Cartilages

Corniculate Cartilages

  • Small nodules
  • Articulate with the—— of—— cartilages

Cuneiform Cartilages

  • Small—— shaped
  • placed in each——-, producing a——
  • Serve as support for the——
A

apices; arytenoid

rod

aryepiglottic fold; small elevation

ary-epiglottic fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The cuneiform cartilage articulates with the other cartilages.
T/F

A

F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Epiglottis
——-shaped
-situated—— the—- of the tongue
-Connected In front to the ——-by the—— ligament
-and connected By its stalk to the——- by the—— ligament
-Upper edge is——.
-Laterally gives attachment to ——-
-Anteriorly—— is reflected onto the—- forming three—— &——

A

Leaf

behind; root

body of hyoid bone ; hyoepiglottic

back of thyroid cartilage; thyroepiglottic

free

aryepiglottic fold

mucosa; tongue; glossoepiglottic folds; valleculae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

List the 5 Ligaments of the larynx

A
  • median & lateral thyrohyoid ligaments
  • Median cricothyroid ligament
  • Hyoepiglottic ligament
  • Thyroepiglottic ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

List the 4Membranes of the larynx

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

Cricotracheal membrane

Quadrangular membrane

Cricothyroid membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Quadrangular membrane:

  • Extends between the—- and the—- cartilages
  • Its lower free margin—— and forms the—- that lies within the——
  • extends from—— margin of—- to attach to the—- and—— cartilages
  • its superior edge is—— and is covered with ——of mucosa
A

epiglottis; arytenoid

thickens; vestibular ligament; vestibular fold

lateral; epiglottis; arytenoid; corniculate

also free; aryepiglottic fold

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cricothyroid membrane

  • aka——
  • Lower margin is attached to—- border of—- cartilage
  • Upper free margin forms —-that is attached anteriorly to—— & posteriorly to the——-
A

conus elasticus

upper; cricoid

vocal ligament ; deep surface of thyroid cartilage; vocal process of arytenoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Laryngeal Inlet

  • Faces—— and——
  • opens into the—- part of the—-
  • The opening is bounded
  • Anteriorly: by the—— margin of——
  • Posteriorly & below by——-
  • Laterally by——-
A

backward; upward

laryngeal; pharynx

upper; epiglottis

arytenoid cartilages

aryepiglottic folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Laryngeal Cavity

  • Extends from—— to—- border of the——
  • Narrow in the region of the——(——-)
  • Narrowest in the region of the—-(——)
  • Divided into three parts:
  • Supraglottic part, the part above the——, is called the—-
  • The part between the—- & the—-, is called the—-
  • Infraglottic part, the part—— the——
A

laryngeal inlet; lower; cricoid cartilage

vestibular folds ; rima vestibuli

vocal folds ; rima glottidis

vestibular folds; vestibule

vestibular; vocal folds; ventricle

below; vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Vestibular Part:

  • Extends from the—- to the—-
  • Below it becomes narrow as the—- project——-.
  • Each vestibular fold contains——
A

inlet; vestibular fold

vestibular folds; medially

vestibular ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Lower Part of larynx

  • Extends from—- to—- border of—- cartilage
  • Walls formed by the inner surface of the——- and the—- cartilage
A

vocal folds; lower; cricoid

cricothyroid ligament; cricoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Middle part of larynx
-Extend from—- folds to the— folds
——a small recess between the——& the—- is called the ——of the larynx that may extend upwards between—— fold and the—- cartilage as—— of the larynx

A

vestibular; vocals

Laterally; vestibular fold ; vocal fold; sinus

vestibular; thyroid; saccule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Mucous Membrane of the larynx

  • lined with—— epithelium
  • The surface of vocal folds, because of—— during——, is covered with——- epithelium
  • Contains many——, more numerous in the—- (for—- of——)
A

ciliated columnar

exposure to continuous trauma; phonation

stratified squamous

mucous glands

saccule

lubrication; vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q 
Muscles of the larynx
two groups:
*—— muscles: divided into two groups
——-of the larynx
——-of the larynx

——muscles divided into two groups

  • Muscles controlling the——
  • Muscles controlling the——
A

Extrinsic

Elevators; Depressors

Intrinsic

laryngeal inlet

movements of the vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q 
ELEVATORS of the pharynx are:
The——- Muscles: which are 
—-
——
——-
——

The——- Muscles of—— which are :
——-
——-
——-

A

Suprahyoid

Digastric
Stylohyoid
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid

Longitudinal; the Pharynx

Stylopharyngeus
Salpingopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q 
DEPRESSORS of the larynx are 
The—— Muscles which are:
——
—-
——-
A

Infrahyoid

Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Omohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

2 Muscles Controlling The Laryngeal Inlet are :???

A

Oblique arytenoid

Aryepiglottic muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Oblique arytenoid:

  • deep to———
  • from—— process of—— cartilage to——- cartilage
A

transverse arytenoid muscle

muscular;

arytenoid

superior Cricoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Aryepiglottic muscle:

  • from the—- process of—— cartilage
  • inserts to the ——-and—— border of—-
A

muscular; arytenoid

aryepiglottic fold

lateral; epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Situations where the larynx acts as a sphincter??

A

Swallowing, sneezing, coughing, vasalva maneuver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Sphincter Functions of the Larynx

  • In Valsalva’s maneuver,— is temporarily held in the—— by——-;—— pressure rises when ——-contract; Helps to empty the——; Acts as a splint to stabilize the—— when——
  • swallowing closes the sphincter at the——
  • coughing and sneezing is involved with the sphincter at the ———-
A

Air; lower respiratory tract; closing the glottis

intra-abdominal; abdominal muscles

rectum

trunk; lifting heavy loads; inlet

Rima glottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Muscle Increasing the Length & Tension of the Vocal Cords

Muscle decreasing the Length & Tension of Vocal Cords

A

Cricothyroid

Thyroarytenoid

34
Q

Movements of the Vocal Cords are:??
—-
——

A

Adduction

Abduction

35
Q

Adductors of the Vocal Cords
——-
———

Abductor of the Vocal Cords
——

A

Lateral cricoarytenoid
Transverse arytenoid

Posterior cricoarytenoid

36
Q

Blood Supply & Lymph Drainage of the larynx
Arteries:
Upper half:—— artery, a branch of —-artery
Lower half: ——artery, a branch of —-artery

Lymphatics
The lymph vessels drain into the——

A

Superior laryngeal; superior thyroid

Inferior laryngeal ; inferior thyroid

deep cervical lymph nodes

37
Q

Nerve Supply
Sensory
Above the——:——, a branch of the ——-nerve
Below the——:—— nerve, a branch of the—- nerve

Motor
All—— muscles, except——, supplied by the—— nerve
The—— muscle is supplied by the—— nerve, a branch of the——- nerve

A

vocal cords

Internal laryngeal nerve; superior laryngeal branch of the vagus

vocal cords

Recurrent laryngeal; vagus

intrinsic; cricothyroid; recurrent laryngeal

cricothyroid; external laryngeal; superior laryngeal branch of vagus

38
Q

intermittent release of expired air while opening and closing the glottis is called ——-

A

Speech

39
Q

List The three components of production of voice

A

The generation of sound

The resonance of sound

The articulation of voice

40
Q

Sound production originates from the——-

A

larynx

41
Q

Sound is modified by various resonating chamber like the—-,—- and——

A

pharynx

mouth

paranasal sinuses.

42
Q

Quality of sound depends on——- at the—— of the——

A

symmetrical vibration

midline

glottis

43
Q

———is influenced by subglottic pressure, glottic resistance, transglottic air flow, and amplitude of vibration

A

Loudness

44
Q

Pitch of sound depends on the alterations in—— and—— of——

A

length

tension

vocal folds

45
Q

Larynx is also called the ——— or——-

A

Voice box or organ of phonation

46
Q

Larynx is higher in —— and ——-

A

Females and children

47
Q

Whose larynx is bigger?.

Male or female?

A

Male

48
Q

Who has a bigger angle of thyroid cartilage

Male or female?

A

Female

49
Q

principal cartilages of the larynx are, —-, —-, and——

A

cricoid

thyroid

two arytenoids

50
Q

Angle of thyroid cartilage in male is????

Angle of thyroid cartilage in female is????

A

90 degrees in male

120 degrees in female

51
Q

The posterior surface of the thyroid cartilage provides attachment (from above downward) to following structures

———
——-
———

A

Thyroepiglottic ligament.

pair of vestibular ligaments.

A pair of vocal ligaments.

52
Q

oblique line of thyroid cartilage provides attachments to the following from above-down; medial-lateral

——-
——-
——

A

Thyrohyoid.2. Sternothyroid.3. Inferior constrictor (thyropharyngeus part only).

53
Q

Cricoid cartilage is a——-shaped ring of cartilage

A

signet

54
Q

The epiglottis is rudimentary in human beings.

T/F

A

T

55
Q

Corniculate cartilages of——-

Cuneiform cartilages of———

A

Santorini

Wrisberg

56
Q

Which cartilages are made of hyalin and which are made of elastic cartilage

A

Hyalin- Cricoid, thyroid, base of arytenoid

Elastic- cuneiform, epiglottis ,corniculate, apices of arytenoid

57
Q

Between hyalin and elastic cartilage, which one ossifies at what age and which doesn’t

A

Hyalin ossifies at age 25

Elastic doesn’t

58
Q

The——- membrane is pierced on either side by internal laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal vessels.

A

thyrohyoid

59
Q

Cricotracheal ligament: It connects the——- cartilage with the——-

A

cricoid

first tracheal ring.

60
Q

Membranes thicken to form ——-

——- covers /contains ligaments

A

Ligaments

Folds

61
Q

Thyrohyoid muscle
Sternothyroid muscle

Elevate or depress the larynx??

A

Elevate

Depress

62
Q

Which ones open and which means close the laryngeal inlet

Oblique arytenoids
Aryepiglotticus
Thyroepiglotticus:

A

Close
Close
Open

63
Q

Thyroarytenoid is also known as volcalis

T/F

A

F

64
Q

Which of the following muscles increase or decrease tension of the volcano cords

Cricothyroid
Vocalis
Thyroarytenoid:

A

Tense
Tense
Relax

65
Q

—— muscle is also known as the tuning fork of larynx.

A

Cricothyroid muscle

66
Q

only muscle of the larynx, which lies on the external surface of the larynx is the ———-

A

Cricothyroid muscle

67
Q

segmental tension of vocal ligament helps in the—— and is controlled by —— muscle

A

modulation of voice

Volcalis

68
Q

The Safety muscles of larynx is the ———— as if it is ever paralyzed, the person can——-

A

Posterior cricoarytenoids

Suffocate

69
Q

The anterior wall of laryngeal cavity is longer than the posterior wall.
T/F

A

T

70
Q

false vocal cords are ———

A

Vestibular folds

71
Q

—- + _____= true vocal cords

A

Vocal ligament

Vocalis

72
Q

oil can of the larynx is the ——- of the larynx?

A

Sinus of the larynx

73
Q

Besides. Vocal cords, which other parts of the larynx aren’t covered by ciliated columnar epithelium

A

anterior surface and upper half of the posterior surface of the epiglottis, upper parts of aryepiglottic folds

74
Q

There are mucous glands in the vocal folds.

T/F

A

F

75
Q

The edema of larynx does not involve the——- since there is no——-

A

true vocal cords

submucous tissue.

76
Q

Rima glottidis has dual blood supply

T/F

A

T

77
Q

Variations in the size and shape of rima glottidis during different movements of the vocal cords.

During quiet respiration
During inspiration
During whisper
During high pitched voice

A

Pentagonal
Diamond
Funnel
Linear

78
Q

vowels are voiced in the larynx due to—— of —-whereas consonants are produced by the—— of the——.

A

vibration ;vocal folds

intrinsic muscles

tongue

79
Q

Singer’s nodules are —-nodules on the——- at the junction of anterior ——third and posterior—–third

A

Inflammatory

vocal cords

one-

two

80
Q

Commonest site of the laryngeal cancer

A

Glottic region

81
Q

Most common congenital abnormality of the larynx?

A

Laryngomalacia

82
Q

What is Laryngomalacia

A

excessive flaccidity of supraglottic larynx

ANA 203 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions