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Heart, Lung, Kidney > Posterior Thoracic Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Thoracic Wall Flashcards

1
Q

The posterior intercostal veins drain blood from the […] into the […].

A

Inner chest wall and diaphragm

Azygous vein

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2
Q

The anterior and posterior esophageal plexi only contain innervation from the […] nervous system.

A

Parasympathetic

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3
Q

The greater splanchnic nerve arises from what spinal levels?

A

T5 - T9

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4
Q
A
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5
Q
A

The azygous vein arches before draining into the SVC b/c blood in SVC is flowing inferiorly. If the Azygous vein just dumped directly into the SVC without changing its course of flow, it would cause turbulent flow. Thus, arches to direct flow in same direction as blood already in SVC.

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6
Q

On the right side of the posterior thoracic wall, the […] vein returns blood back to the SVC at the level of […] of the vertebral column.

A

Azygous vein

T4 (sternal angle)

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7
Q

What is the relationship of the esophagus to the left atrium?

A

The left atrium sits just anterior to the esophagus. If a person has an enlarged LA they can present with dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).

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8
Q
A
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9
Q

In addition to providing parasympathetic innervation to the heart, what other information does the cardiac parasympathetic nerve carry?

A

Visceral sensation from visceral pericardium

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10
Q

Anterior intercostal veins drain into the […]

A

Internal thoracic veins

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11
Q
A
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12
Q
A
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13
Q

The posterior intercostal arteries are branches of the […]

A

Thoracic aorta

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14
Q
A
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15
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A
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16
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A
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17
Q

Where (roughly) in the thorax was this image taken?

A

Higher up in chest

Above sternal angle (can see bit of clavicle)

Trachea is visible

Aorta is one structure (arch)

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18
Q
A
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19
Q

The esophageal arteries that supply blood to the esophagus are branches of the […]

A

Thoracic aorta

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20
Q

In addition to providing parasympathetic innervation to the lungs, what other information does the pulmonary parasympathetic nerve carry?

A

Visceral sensation from the visceral pleura

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21
Q
A
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22
Q

This image shows the left side of the body.

A
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23
Q

The […] vagus nerve becomes the anterior esophageal plexus while the […] vagus nerve becomes the posterior esophageal plexus.

A

Left

Right

LARP

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24
Q

The right and left vagus nerves carry what kind of information?

A

Parasympathetic

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25
Q
A
26
Q

The posterior intercostal arteries are branches off of the […] and they supply the […]

A

Descending thoracic artery

Posterior chest wall

27
Q

If you were a drop of blood in the abdominal wall veins, describe the course you’d take to get back to the right atrium.

A
28
Q
A
29
Q

The superior phrenic artery is a branch off of the […] and it supplies the […]

A

Descending thoracic aorta

Diaphragm

30
Q

Posterior intercostal arteries drain into the […]

A

Azgous, hemiazygous or accessory hemiazygous veins

31
Q

What two structures make up the SVC?

A

Left and right brachiocephalic veins

32
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to the heart and lungs comes off the […] nerve

A

Left recurrent laryngeal

33
Q

If looking at the thorax from the following views, what would been seen from right to left:

  • Posteriorly
  • Inferiorly
  • Anteriorly
A
34
Q

The left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves carry what kind of information?

A

Somatic motor to muscles of larynx and pharynx

35
Q
A
36
Q

Describe the course of lymphatics in the thorax.

A

Lymph collects in the cysterna chyli and is moved superiorly into the thoracic duct which then drains into the left braciocephalic vein. The right head, neck, thorax and arm drain into the right lymphatic duct which then drains into right brachiocephalic vein.

37
Q

What is the significance of esophageal constrictions?

A
  • If an object is swallowed, it is most likely to get stuck in one of these locations
  • Corrosive substances swallowed do most damage here
  • Instruments that are used in medicine can have difficulty moving past these areas
38
Q

Where is the middle esophageal constriction roughly located?

A

Just above sternal angle

39
Q

The esophagus passes through the […] hiatus of the diaphragm at the level of […] of the vertebral column.

A

Esophageal

T10

40
Q

The phrenic nerve travels with the […] in the chest and carries what types of information?

A

Pericardium

Motor to diaphragm and sensory info also

41
Q
A
42
Q

The intercostal nerves are […] rami of […] nerves at levels […] of the spinal cord. They carry […] information to the […]

A

Ventral

Spinal

T1 - T12

Somatic motor and sensory

Thoracic wall

43
Q

The IVC passes through the […] of the diaphragm at the level of […] of the vertebral column

A

Caval hiatus

T8

44
Q
A
45
Q

The aorta passes through the […] hiatus at the level of […] of the vertebral column.

A

Aortic

T12

46
Q
A
47
Q

The anterior intercostal arteries are branches of the […]

A

Interal thoracic arteries

48
Q

Where in the thorax is this image taken (roughly)?

A
  • Below bifurcation of trachea into left and right mainstem bronchi (don’t see trachea)
  • Below aortic arch (can see ascending and descending aorta)
49
Q
A
50
Q

The anterior intercostal arteries are branches off of the […] artery and they supply the […].

A

Internal thoracic (which is branch of left subclavian)

Anterior chest wall

51
Q

The […] nervous system is most important in regulating the contraction and relaxation of the smooth muscle in the airway.

A

Parasympathetic

52
Q

The right and left cornary arteries are branches off of the […] and they supply the […]

A

Ascending aorta

Heart

53
Q
A
54
Q
A
55
Q

The anterior intercostal veins drain blood from the […] into the […].

A

Anterior chest wall

Internal thoracic vein –> brachiocephalic vein

56
Q

This image shows the right side of the body.

A
57
Q

On the left side of the posterior thoracic wall, the […] vein returns blood from the bottom part of the thorax while the […] vein returns blood from the top part of the thorax. Both drain into the […] around the level of […] of the vertebral column.

A

Hemizygous

Accessory hemizygous

Azygous

T8-T9

58
Q

The esophagus is always […]

A

Closed - unless there is food in it

59
Q

The right and left phrenic nerves carry what kind of information?

A

Somatic motor to diaphragm

Somatic sensory from diaphragm, mediastinal pleura, and pericardium

60
Q

Label the image and describe where the thoracic duct could be found in the thorax.

A

Heart, Lung, Kidney (49 decks)

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