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Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Retroperitoneal structures

A 
Located posterior to parietal peritoenum along dorsal body wall 
2nd and 3rd part of duodenum
Ascending and descending colon
Pancreas
Kidneys
Mahor blood vessels
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2
Q

Renal cortex

A

Out portion of kidneys that contains glomeruli for filtration

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3
Q

Renal columns

A

Portions of renal cortex extending deep between renal medulla

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4
Q

Renal medulla

A

Inner portion of kidney composed of masses of tissue

Renal pyramids

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5
Q

Renal pyramids

A

Contain tubules ducts for water resorption

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6
Q

Renal papillae

A

Apex of renal pyramids

Extend into the first of excretory apparatus

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7
Q

First of the excretory apparati

A

Minor calyx

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8
Q

Minor calyx

A

Recevies urine from one renal papilla

Forms major calyx

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9
Q

Major calyx

A

Unites to form renal pelvis

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10
Q

Renal pelivs

A

Drainage from major calyx

Continues as a ureter

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11
Q

Renal sinus

A

Central cavity containing collecting structure, fat, vessels, and lymphatics

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12
Q

Ureter points of constriction

A

Narrowing of pelvis to ureter
Where ureter crosses common iliac artery bifurcation before bending to pelvis
Penetration of bladder wall

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13
Q

Ureters cross anterior to

A

Bifurctation of common iliac and into external and internal iliac

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14
Q

Blood supply of ureters

A

Segmentally from renal and vesical arteries

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15
Q

Kidney stones

A

Solids in kidneys

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16
Q

Kidney stone symptoms

A

Flank, lower ab and groin pain, blood in urine

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17
Q

Treatment of kidney stones

A

Left alone

Ureteroscopy/keyhole incision

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18
Q

Contributing to kidney stone

A 
Family
Age (40+)
Male 
Dehydration
Diet (protein, sugar, sodium)
Obesity
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19
Q

Right kideny vs left kideny

A

Right is more inferior and more susceptible to injury because less protected

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20
Q

Kidneys extend from

A

11/12 rib to L3

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21
Q

Kidneys covered in

A

Fibrous capusle and perirenal fat/fascia

Peritoneum covers anterior

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22
Q

Suprarenal (adrenal) glands location

A

Located superior to kidneys

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23
Q

Outer cortex vs medulla of adrenal glands

A

Outer - steroid hormones

Inner - epinephrine/norepinephrine

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24
Q

Path of blood through kidneys

A

Renal —- segmental —– interlobar——arcuate—–interlobular——affarent arteriole

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25
Semgental arteries divide to what and where to they go
Interlobar that ascend in renal columns to corticomedullary junction
26
Arcuate artery bath
Over base of renal pyramids
27
Interlobular artery path
Ascend to overlying cortex
28
Affarent arterioles supply
Each glomerulus
29
Shape of right and left adrenal glands
Left - semilunar | Right - pyramidal
30
Blood supply of adrenal glands
Inferior phrenic, renal arteries, aorta
31
Venous drainage of adreanl
Left - renal vein | Right - IVC
32
Medulla of adrenal glands innervation
PREganglionic sympathetic synapse to stimulate release of nor and epi
33
Quadratus lumborum and innervation
Immediately lateral to psoas Stabilizes R12 in inspiration Laterally flexes the trunk Ventral rami of T12, L1, L2, L3
34
Psoas major and innvervation
Passes under inguinal ligament Flexor of the thigh Ventral rami of L1, L2, L3
35
Iliacus and innervation
Flexor of the thigh Femoral nerve Also helps flex hip on the trunk
36
Psoas major and iliacus covered by
Iliac fascia
37
Fibrous arches of diaphragm
Medial/Lateral arcuate ligament
38
Medial arcuate ligament
Thickening of fascia over psoas major spanning L1 body to transverse process
39
Lateral arcuate ligament
Thickening of fascia over quadratus lmborum of transver process of L1 to R12
40
Both medial and lateral arcuate ligament fibers
Extend up to the central tendon
41
Crura
Arise from lumbar vertebra and ascend to central tendon
42
Where to right and left crus unite and into what?
In front of aorta to fibrous arch (median arcuate ligament)...forms aortic hiatus
43
Right crus surrounds
Esophagus
44
Iliohyposgastric nerve
L1 | Cutaneous innervation of posterolateral gluteal region and suprapubic area...some motor to ab wall
45
Ilioinguinal nerve
L1 Cutaneous innervation of proximal medial thight and scrotum/mons pubic Some motor to ab wall
46
Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
L2-L3 | Cutaneous innervation of lateral side of thigh
47
Genitofemoral nerve
L1-L2 Cutaneous innervation of genitalia and thigh Genital branch joins spermatic cord to innervate cremaster
48
Femoral nerve
L2-L4 | Anterior thight
49
Obturator nerve
L2-L4 | Medial thigh
50
Lumboscaral trunk
L4-5 | Contributes to sacral plexus
51
Preganglionic cell bodies for structures in abdomen are in
Intermediolateral cell column between T5-L2
52
Greater splanchnic nerve
T5-T9 | Synpase in celiac ganglion (large mass around celiac artery)
53
Lesses splanchnic nerves
T10-T11 | To synpase in superior mesenteric ganglio and aorticorenal ganglion
54
Least splanchnic nerves
T12 | Aortiorenal ganglion
55
Lumbar splanchnic nerves
L1-L3 Enter autonomic plexus around intermesenteric and superior/inferior hypogastric plexuses and synapse in the Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion
56
Sacral splanchnic nerves
Contribute to pelvic plexus (pelvic prevertebral ganglion
57
Postganglionic symp of ab
Cell bodies in collateral around major vessels in abdomen Parasym may pass through Follow blood vessels
58
Dorsal motor nucleus of vagal nucleus
Origin of vagus nerve | Innervate ganglia in wall s of organss proximal to splenic flexure
59
S2-S4 of spinal cord parasym
Innervate ab organs from splenic flexure distally
60
Preganglionic fiber course
Independent course and contribute ot autonomic plexus of ab and pelvis
61
Superficial lymph drainage of ab
in superficial fasia and region immediately superior to deep investing
62
Lymphatic drainage superior to umbilicus
THoracic area and ultimately axillary nodes
63
Lymphatic drainage inferior to umbilicus
Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
64
Visceral nodes of ab
Celiac group Superior mesenteric group Inferior mesenteric group
65
Parietal lymph drainage
Lumbar nodes - prearotic (anterior) nodes and retroaortic nodes
66
Lumbar nodes drain to
Lumbar trunks and into the cisterna chyli
67
Lymphatic drainage from viscera to
Parietal to prearotic to intestinal to cisterna chyli

Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 (18 decks)

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