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Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

Retroperitoneal structures

A 
Located posterior to parietal peritoenum along dorsal body wall 
2nd and 3rd part of duodenum
Ascending and descending colon
Pancreas
Kidneys
Mahor blood vessels
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2
Q

Renal cortex

A

Out portion of kidneys that contains glomeruli for filtration

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3
Q

Renal columns

A

Portions of renal cortex extending deep between renal medulla

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4
Q

Renal medulla

A

Inner portion of kidney composed of masses of tissue

Renal pyramids

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5
Q

Renal pyramids

A

Contain tubules ducts for water resorption

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6
Q

Renal papillae

A

Apex of renal pyramids

Extend into the first of excretory apparatus

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7
Q

First of the excretory apparati

A

Minor calyx

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8
Q

Minor calyx

A

Recevies urine from one renal papilla

Forms major calyx

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9
Q

Major calyx

A

Unites to form renal pelvis

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10
Q

Renal pelivs

A

Drainage from major calyx

Continues as a ureter

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11
Q

Renal sinus

A

Central cavity containing collecting structure, fat, vessels, and lymphatics

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12
Q

Ureter points of constriction

A

Narrowing of pelvis to ureter
Where ureter crosses common iliac artery bifurcation before bending to pelvis
Penetration of bladder wall

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13
Q

Ureters cross anterior to

A

Bifurctation of common iliac and into external and internal iliac

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14
Q

Blood supply of ureters

A

Segmentally from renal and vesical arteries

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15
Q

Kidney stones

A

Solids in kidneys

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16
Q

Kidney stone symptoms

A

Flank, lower ab and groin pain, blood in urine

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17
Q

Treatment of kidney stones

A

Left alone

Ureteroscopy/keyhole incision

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18
Q

Contributing to kidney stone

A 
Family
Age (40+)
Male 
Dehydration
Diet (protein, sugar, sodium)
Obesity
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19
Q

Right kideny vs left kideny

A

Right is more inferior and more susceptible to injury because less protected

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20
Q

Kidneys extend from

A

11/12 rib to L3

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21
Q

Kidneys covered in

A

Fibrous capusle and perirenal fat/fascia

Peritoneum covers anterior

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22
Q

Suprarenal (adrenal) glands location

A

Located superior to kidneys

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23
Q

Outer cortex vs medulla of adrenal glands

A

Outer - steroid hormones

Inner - epinephrine/norepinephrine

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24
Q

Path of blood through kidneys

A

Renal —- segmental —– interlobar——arcuate—–interlobular——affarent arteriole

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25
Q

Semgental arteries divide to what and where to they go

A

Interlobar that ascend in renal columns to corticomedullary junction

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26
Q

Arcuate artery bath

A

Over base of renal pyramids

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27
Q

Interlobular artery path

A

Ascend to overlying cortex

28
Q

Affarent arterioles supply

A

Each glomerulus

29
Q

Shape of right and left adrenal glands

A

Left - semilunar

Right - pyramidal

30
Q

Blood supply of adrenal glands

A

Inferior phrenic, renal arteries, aorta

31
Q

Venous drainage of adreanl

A

Left - renal vein

Right - IVC

32
Q

Medulla of adrenal glands innervation

A

PREganglionic sympathetic synapse to stimulate release of nor and epi

33
Q

Quadratus lumborum and innervation

A

Immediately lateral to psoas
Stabilizes R12 in inspiration
Laterally flexes the trunk
Ventral rami of T12, L1, L2, L3

34
Q

Psoas major and innvervation

A

Passes under inguinal ligament
Flexor of the thigh
Ventral rami of L1, L2, L3

35
Q

Iliacus and innervation

A

Flexor of the thigh
Femoral nerve
Also helps flex hip on the trunk

36
Q

Psoas major and iliacus covered by

A

Iliac fascia

37
Q

Fibrous arches of diaphragm

A

Medial/Lateral arcuate ligament

38
Q

Medial arcuate ligament

A

Thickening of fascia over psoas major spanning L1 body to transverse process

39
Q

Lateral arcuate ligament

A

Thickening of fascia over quadratus lmborum of transver process of L1 to R12

40
Q

Both medial and lateral arcuate ligament fibers

A

Extend up to the central tendon

41
Q

Crura

A

Arise from lumbar vertebra and ascend to central tendon

42
Q

Where to right and left crus unite and into what?

A

In front of aorta to fibrous arch (median arcuate ligament)…forms aortic hiatus

43
Q

Right crus surrounds

A

Esophagus

44
Q

Iliohyposgastric nerve

A

L1

Cutaneous innervation of posterolateral gluteal region and suprapubic area…some motor to ab wall

45
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve

A

L1
Cutaneous innervation of proximal medial thight and scrotum/mons pubic
Some motor to ab wall

46
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

L2-L3

Cutaneous innervation of lateral side of thigh

47
Q

Genitofemoral nerve

A

L1-L2
Cutaneous innervation of genitalia and thigh
Genital branch joins spermatic cord to innervate cremaster

48
Q

Femoral nerve

A

L2-L4

Anterior thight

49
Q

Obturator nerve

A

L2-L4

Medial thigh

50
Q

Lumboscaral trunk

A

L4-5

Contributes to sacral plexus

51
Q

Preganglionic cell bodies for structures in abdomen are in

A

Intermediolateral cell column between T5-L2

52
Q

Greater splanchnic nerve

A

T5-T9

Synpase in celiac ganglion (large mass around celiac artery)

53
Q

Lesses splanchnic nerves

A

T10-T11

To synpase in superior mesenteric ganglio and aorticorenal ganglion

54
Q

Least splanchnic nerves

A

T12

Aortiorenal ganglion

55
Q

Lumbar splanchnic nerves

A

L1-L3
Enter autonomic plexus around intermesenteric and superior/inferior hypogastric plexuses and synapse in the

Inferior Mesenteric Ganglion

56
Q

Sacral splanchnic nerves

A

Contribute to pelvic plexus (pelvic prevertebral ganglion

57
Q

Postganglionic symp of ab

A

Cell bodies in collateral around major vessels in abdomen
Parasym may pass through
Follow blood vessels

58
Q

Dorsal motor nucleus of vagal nucleus

A

Origin of vagus nerve

Innervate ganglia in wall s of organss proximal to splenic flexure

59
Q

S2-S4 of spinal cord parasym

A

Innervate ab organs from splenic flexure distally

60
Q

Preganglionic fiber course

A

Independent course and contribute ot autonomic plexus of ab and pelvis

61
Q

Superficial lymph drainage of ab

A

in superficial fasia and region immediately superior to deep investing

62
Q

Lymphatic drainage superior to umbilicus

A

THoracic area and ultimately axillary nodes

63
Q

Lymphatic drainage inferior to umbilicus

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

64
Q

Visceral nodes of ab

A

Celiac group
Superior mesenteric group
Inferior mesenteric group

65
Q

Parietal lymph drainage

A

Lumbar nodes - prearotic (anterior) nodes and retroaortic nodes

66
Q

Lumbar nodes drain to

A

Lumbar trunks and into the cisterna chyli

67
Q

Lymphatic drainage from viscera to

A

Parietal to prearotic to intestinal to cisterna chyli

Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 (18 decks)

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