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Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 > Abdominal Viscera > Flashcards

Abdominal Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

GI tract extends from

A

Mouth to anus

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2
Q

Right lobe of liver

A

Right of falciform ligament

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3
Q

Left lobe of liver

A

Left of falciform

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4
Q

Quarate lobe

A

Visceral surface between gall bladder and falciform

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5
Q

Caudate lobe

A

Visceral between IVC and falciform

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6
Q

Functional lobes based on

A

Branching of proper hepatic duct into R and L hepatic duct

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7
Q

left lobe includes

A

Left anatomical, quadrate, and caudate

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8
Q

Right lobe includes

A

Right anatomical

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9
Q

Liver lies in which planes?

A

Right lateral, epigastric, left/right hypochondriac

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10
Q

Porta hepatis

A

Entrance/exit on inferior side for hepatic portal vein, proper hepatic artery, hepatic duct

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11
Q

Coronary ligaments

A

Lines of reflection of visceral peritoneum onto diaphragm define bare area

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12
Q

Falciform ligament

A

Middle fusion of R and L coronary ligaments on anterior surface
Remnants of ventral mesentary

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13
Q

Ligamentum teres hepatis

A

Inferior free edge of falciform lig…obliterated umbilical vein

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14
Q

Bare area

A

Portion of the liver not covered in visceral peritoneum bc fused to diaphragm

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15
Q

Glissons capsule

A

Collagenous capsule covering extenral surface of liver…exposed in bare area (infection)

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16
Q

Trainagular ligament

A

Fucsion of anterior and posterior coronary ligaments

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17
Q

Recess between kidney and liver

A

Hepatorenal recess (Morison’s pouch)

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18
Q

Spleen function

A

WBC proliferation, immune surveillance, blood reservoir

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19
Q

Damage to spleen

A

Protected by 9th and 10th ribs …left upper quadrant blow

Will bleed

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20
Q

Order that food passes through tract

A 
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Jejunm 
Ileum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
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21
Q

Esophagus passes into abdomen at what level and accompanied by whtat?

A

Posterior vagal trunks (from R vagus nerve)

T9-T10

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22
Q

Gastroesophagial junction

A

In cardiac region whenre esophagus joins stomach

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23
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Movement of cardiac portion of stomach into thorax

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24
Q

Rugae

A

Folds of mucosa in stomach

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25
Q

Stomach covered by

A

Peritoneum

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26
Q

Anterior/superior to stomach

A

Anterior abdominal wall
Left costal margin
Diaphragm

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27
Q

Left of stomach

A

Spleen (sep by peritoneum)

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28
Q

Right of stomach

A

Quadrate and left lobes of liver

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29
Q

POsterior to stomach

A 
All sep by peritoneum
Diaphragm 
Left suprarenal gland
Upper pole of left kidney
Pancreas
Left colic flexure
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30
Q

Peptic ulcer

A

Result in breach of mucusal lining of GI and consequence of high pH stomach acid

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31
Q

Mucosal lining of peptic ulcer infection

A

H/ Phylori bacteria

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32
Q

Gastric carcinoma

A

Malignant cells in lining of stomach

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33
Q

Symptoms of gastric carcinoma

A

Heartburn, upper ab pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, blood in stool

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34
Q

Stomach lies in which planes

A

Epigastric, umbilical, left hypochondriac

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35
Q

Biliary tree

A

System of ducts that drain bile from liver to galbladder for storage and to duodenum to enter digestive tract

36
Q

RIght hepatic and left hepatic duct

A

Conduct bile from liver

Each drains a functional lobe

37
Q

Common hepatic duct

A

External to liver

Formed from R and L

38
Q

Gall bladder

A

Embedded in inferior right lobe of liver

Stores and concentrates bile

39
Q

Cycstic duct

A

Duct from gallbladder

40
Q

Common bile duct

A

Formend by cystic and common hepatic duct…empties to duodenum

41
Q

Sphincter of Oddi

A

Closes common bile duct resulting in bile backup in gallbladder

42
Q

Gallstones

A

Pain in epigastric and right hypochondriac region

43
Q

Cholecystitis casued by

A

Gallstones blocking cystic duct

44
Q

Pancreas and 2nd and 3rd part of duodenum are

A

Secondarily retroperitoneal

45
Q

Main pancreatic duct

A

Conducts pancreatic enzymes into the GI tract at duodenal papilla in descending part of duodenum

46
Q

Duodenal papilla

A

Where main pancreatic duct joins with common bile duct

47
Q

Accessory pancreatic duct

A

Empties into duodenum proximal to main pancreatic duct

48
Q

Pancreas at what vertebral elvle

A

L1

49
Q

Gall bladder in

A

Left subcostal and transtubercular plane

50
Q

Pancreas in

A

Left/right hypochondriac, right lateral, epigastric, umbilical

51
Q

How of jejunum and ileum suspended from posterior ab wall?

A

Mesentary - means more mobile that duodenum

52
Q

Duodenojejunal junction

A

Occurs as duodenum emerges from being retorperitoneal

53
Q

Mesenteric windows

A

Jejunum

Fat kept away from intestinal wall unlike ileum

54
Q

Ilium ends at

A

Ileocecal junction

55
Q

Small intestine in what planes?

A

All

56
Q

Where does large intestine begin?

A

Ileocecal junction

57
Q

Parts of large intestine

A

Vermiform appendix, Colon, rectum, anal canal

58
Q

Taeniae coli

A

Division of large intestinal muscle into 3 evenly spaced longitudinal bands
Gather it into a haustra

59
Q

Each haustral compartment

A

Facilitates water resorption from feces

60
Q

Taeniae duse into

A

Smooth muscle over appendix and rectum

61
Q

Appendages epiploicae

A

Fat creeps onto wall of colon and attaches to taeniae as tags of fat

62
Q

Celiac artery supplies and location

A

Supplies foregut structure (liver, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, spleen)
T12
Surrounded by celiac plexus

63
Q

Celiac plexus

A

Autonomic plexus of nerve fibers and postganglionic neurons

64
Q

Superior mesenteric artery and location

A

Supplies midgut regions (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, large intestine)
Runs along inferior of pancreas
Surrounded by superior mesenteric autonomic plexus
L1

65
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery and location

A 
Supplies hindgut (descending colon, sigmoid colon, superior part of rectum)
3-4 centimeters above bifurcation of aorta
66
Q

Inferior phrenic artery

A

Supplies diaphragm

67
Q

Renal artery

A

Supplies kideneys and has suprarenal branch

68
Q

Testicular/ovarian arteries

A

To gonads

69
Q

Lumbar arteries

A

5 segmental arteries supplying posterior body wall

70
Q

Common iliac arteries are

A

Terminal branches of aorta and divide to external and internal

71
Q

Branches of celiac artery

A 
Splenic
Common hepatic 
Gastroduodenal
Right gastric
Left gastric 
Right gastroepiploic
Left gastroepiploic 
Rught/Left hepatic 
Cystic 
Superior pancreaticoduodenal
72
Q

Superior mesenteric branches

A

Intestinal
Ileocolic
Right colic
Middle colic

73
Q

Marginal artery anastamoses

A

With major branches of superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric

74
Q

Jejunum vs ileum blood supply

A

Jejunum - fewer aracades and longer vasa recti

75
Q

Inferior mesenteric artery branches

A

Middle colic
Sigmoidal
Superior rectal

76
Q

IVC tributaries

A

COmmon iliac veins
Renal veins
Lumbar veins
Right gonadal vein

77
Q

Left gonadal vein drains into

A

Left renal vein

78
Q

What drains into hepatic portal vein

A

Superior mesenteric, splenic, inferior mesenteric

79
Q

What happens to blood in liver

A

Storage, metabolism, detox

80
Q

Hepatic portal vein formed by

A

Superior mesenteric vein with splenic vein (which has accepted inferior mesenteric vein)

81
Q

Portocaval anastomosies

A

Superior rectal vein (from inf mesenteric) with inferior rectal vein (from internal iliac to IVC)
Branches of colic (superior or inferior mesenteric) with renal
Remnant of left umbilical vein with paraumbilical and superior/inferior epigastric veins
Esophageal veins (gastric) with eophageal veins (azygos)

82
Q

Flow is reversed in portocaval anastomosis and

A

Runs frrom portal system to caval system causing enlargement of vessels

83
Q

Hemorrhoids

A

Enlargement of rectal vessels

84
Q

Esophageal varices

A

Enlargment of esophageal veins

85
Q

Caput medusa

A

Enlargement of epigastric/umbilical veins

86
Q

Abdominal paracentesis

A

Used to drain the abdomen

87
Q

Where common bile and pancreatic duct attach to duodenum

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater

Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 (18 decks)

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