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Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 > Abdominal Viscera > Flashcards

Abdominal Viscera Flashcards

1
Q

GI tract extends from

A

Mouth to anus

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2
Q

Right lobe of liver

A

Right of falciform ligament

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3
Q

Left lobe of liver

A

Left of falciform

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4
Q

Quarate lobe

A

Visceral surface between gall bladder and falciform

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5
Q

Caudate lobe

A

Visceral between IVC and falciform

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6
Q

Functional lobes based on

A

Branching of proper hepatic duct into R and L hepatic duct

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7
Q

left lobe includes

A

Left anatomical, quadrate, and caudate

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8
Q

Right lobe includes

A

Right anatomical

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9
Q

Liver lies in which planes?

A

Right lateral, epigastric, left/right hypochondriac

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10
Q

Porta hepatis

A

Entrance/exit on inferior side for hepatic portal vein, proper hepatic artery, hepatic duct

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11
Q

Coronary ligaments

A

Lines of reflection of visceral peritoneum onto diaphragm define bare area

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12
Q

Falciform ligament

A

Middle fusion of R and L coronary ligaments on anterior surface
Remnants of ventral mesentary

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13
Q

Ligamentum teres hepatis

A

Inferior free edge of falciform lig…obliterated umbilical vein

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14
Q

Bare area

A

Portion of the liver not covered in visceral peritoneum bc fused to diaphragm

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15
Q

Glissons capsule

A

Collagenous capsule covering extenral surface of liver…exposed in bare area (infection)

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16
Q

Trainagular ligament

A

Fucsion of anterior and posterior coronary ligaments

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17
Q

Recess between kidney and liver

A

Hepatorenal recess (Morison’s pouch)

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18
Q

Spleen function

A

WBC proliferation, immune surveillance, blood reservoir

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19
Q

Damage to spleen

A

Protected by 9th and 10th ribs …left upper quadrant blow

Will bleed

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20
Q

Order that food passes through tract

A 
Esophagus
Stomach
Duodenum
Jejunm 
Ileum
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
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21
Q

Esophagus passes into abdomen at what level and accompanied by whtat?

A

Posterior vagal trunks (from R vagus nerve)

T9-T10

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22
Q

Gastroesophagial junction

A

In cardiac region whenre esophagus joins stomach

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23
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

Movement of cardiac portion of stomach into thorax

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24
Q

Rugae

A

Folds of mucosa in stomach

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25
Stomach covered by
Peritoneum
26
Anterior/superior to stomach
Anterior abdominal wall Left costal margin Diaphragm
27
Left of stomach
Spleen (sep by peritoneum)
28
Right of stomach
Quadrate and left lobes of liver
29
POsterior to stomach
``` All sep by peritoneum Diaphragm Left suprarenal gland Upper pole of left kidney Pancreas Left colic flexure ```
30
Peptic ulcer
Result in breach of mucusal lining of GI and consequence of high pH stomach acid
31
Mucosal lining of peptic ulcer infection
H/ Phylori bacteria
32
Gastric carcinoma
Malignant cells in lining of stomach
33
Symptoms of gastric carcinoma
Heartburn, upper ab pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, blood in stool
34
Stomach lies in which planes
Epigastric, umbilical, left hypochondriac
35
Biliary tree
System of ducts that drain bile from liver to galbladder for storage and to duodenum to enter digestive tract
36
RIght hepatic and left hepatic duct
Conduct bile from liver | Each drains a functional lobe
37
Common hepatic duct
External to liver | Formed from R and L
38
Gall bladder
Embedded in inferior right lobe of liver | Stores and concentrates bile
39
Cycstic duct
Duct from gallbladder
40
Common bile duct
Formend by cystic and common hepatic duct...empties to duodenum
41
Sphincter of Oddi
Closes common bile duct resulting in bile backup in gallbladder
42
Gallstones
Pain in epigastric and right hypochondriac region
43
Cholecystitis casued by
Gallstones blocking cystic duct
44
Pancreas and 2nd and 3rd part of duodenum are
Secondarily retroperitoneal
45
Main pancreatic duct
Conducts pancreatic enzymes into the GI tract at duodenal papilla in descending part of duodenum
46
Duodenal papilla
Where main pancreatic duct joins with common bile duct
47
Accessory pancreatic duct
Empties into duodenum proximal to main pancreatic duct
48
Pancreas at what vertebral elvle
L1
49
Gall bladder in
Left subcostal and transtubercular plane
50
Pancreas in
Left/right hypochondriac, right lateral, epigastric, umbilical
51
How of jejunum and ileum suspended from posterior ab wall?
Mesentary - means more mobile that duodenum
52
Duodenojejunal junction
Occurs as duodenum emerges from being retorperitoneal
53
Mesenteric windows
Jejunum | Fat kept away from intestinal wall unlike ileum
54
Ilium ends at
Ileocecal junction
55
Small intestine in what planes?
All
56
Where does large intestine begin?
Ileocecal junction
57
Parts of large intestine
Vermiform appendix, Colon, rectum, anal canal
58
Taeniae coli
Division of large intestinal muscle into 3 evenly spaced longitudinal bands Gather it into a haustra
59
Each haustral compartment
Facilitates water resorption from feces
60
Taeniae duse into
Smooth muscle over appendix and rectum
61
Appendages epiploicae
Fat creeps onto wall of colon and attaches to taeniae as tags of fat
62
Celiac artery supplies and location
Supplies foregut structure (liver, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, spleen) T12 Surrounded by celiac plexus
63
Celiac plexus
Autonomic plexus of nerve fibers and postganglionic neurons
64
Superior mesenteric artery and location
Supplies midgut regions (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, large intestine) Runs along inferior of pancreas Surrounded by superior mesenteric autonomic plexus L1
65
Inferior mesenteric artery and location
``` Supplies hindgut (descending colon, sigmoid colon, superior part of rectum) 3-4 centimeters above bifurcation of aorta ```
66
Inferior phrenic artery
Supplies diaphragm
67
Renal artery
Supplies kideneys and has suprarenal branch
68
Testicular/ovarian arteries
To gonads
69
Lumbar arteries
5 segmental arteries supplying posterior body wall
70
Common iliac arteries are
Terminal branches of aorta and divide to external and internal
71
Branches of celiac artery
``` Splenic Common hepatic Gastroduodenal Right gastric Left gastric Right gastroepiploic Left gastroepiploic Rught/Left hepatic Cystic Superior pancreaticoduodenal ```
72
Superior mesenteric branches
Intestinal Ileocolic Right colic Middle colic
73
Marginal artery anastamoses
With major branches of superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric
74
Jejunum vs ileum blood supply
Jejunum - fewer aracades and longer vasa recti
75
Inferior mesenteric artery branches
Middle colic Sigmoidal Superior rectal
76
IVC tributaries
COmmon iliac veins Renal veins Lumbar veins Right gonadal vein
77
Left gonadal vein drains into
Left renal vein
78
What drains into hepatic portal vein
Superior mesenteric, splenic, inferior mesenteric
79
What happens to blood in liver
Storage, metabolism, detox
80
Hepatic portal vein formed by
Superior mesenteric vein with splenic vein (which has accepted inferior mesenteric vein)
81
Portocaval anastomosies
Superior rectal vein (from inf mesenteric) with inferior rectal vein (from internal iliac to IVC) Branches of colic (superior or inferior mesenteric) with renal Remnant of left umbilical vein with paraumbilical and superior/inferior epigastric veins Esophageal veins (gastric) with eophageal veins (azygos)
82
Flow is reversed in portocaval anastomosis and
Runs frrom portal system to caval system causing enlargement of vessels
83
Hemorrhoids
Enlargement of rectal vessels
84
Esophageal varices
Enlargment of esophageal veins
85
Caput medusa
Enlargement of epigastric/umbilical veins
86
Abdominal paracentesis
Used to drain the abdomen
87
Where common bile and pancreatic duct attach to duodenum
Hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater

Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 (18 decks)

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