Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 > Pleura, Lungs, and Lung Development > Flashcards

Pleura, Lungs, and Lung Development Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of pleura and what they touch

A

Visceral - on the lungs

Parietal - on the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the space between the two layers of pleura and what does it contain?

A

Pleural cavity

Serous fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How are two layers of pleura held together?

A

Surface tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Regions of parietal pleura

A 
Cervical
Costal
Diaphragmatic
Mediastinal
I
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are regions of parietal pleura in contact with?

A

Endothoracic fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Innervation of parietal pleura and what is it sensitive to?

A

Phrenic and intercostal

Localized pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is visceral pleura sensitive to localized pain and what is innervation?

A

No

Visceral affarent nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Suprapleural membrane covers which part of parietal pleura?

A

Cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Costodiaphragmatic recess

A

Lowest point of pleural cavity

Recevies drainage of pleural cavity if standing up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Costomediastinal recess function

A

Allows lungs to expand into area during inhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hemothorax and where it will drain

A

Blood in pleural cavity

Costodiaphragmatic recess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pneumothorax and what is can cause

A

Air in the lung

Collapsed lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tension pneumothorax causes

A

Shifting of the mediastinum which can compress a lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Lobes of the right lung and fissures separating

A 
Superior
Middle
Inferior
Horizontal separates sup and mid
Oblique separates mid and inf
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lobes of the left lung and fissure

A

Superior and inferior

Oblique separates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

2 structures found in superor lobe of left lung

A

Cardiac notch and lingula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Bronchopulmonary segments

A

Anatomically separate respiratory units surround by connective tissue CONTINUOS with visceral pleura

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does each BP segment receive?

A

A segmental (tertiary) bronchus with accompnaying branch of a pulmonary artery (intrasegmental)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Branches of pulmonary veins located

A

In connective tissue between BP segments (intersegmental)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pulmonary veins and pulmonary arteries carry

A

Arteries - deoxygenated blood

Veins - oxygenated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sternal angle is at what levle and what is significance

A

T4…this is where trachea splits to left and right primary bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Right vs. left primary bronchus

A

Right wider and more vertical than left…means objects more likely to go here

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How many secondary bronchi from each primary branch?

A

3 on right

2 on left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Tertiary bronchi go to

A

individual BP segments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

BP segments of right lung superior lobe

A

Apical
Posterior
Anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

BP segments of right middle lobe

A

Lateral

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

BP segments of right inferior lobe

A 
Superior
Medial basal
Anterior B
Lateral B
Posterior B
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

BP segments of left superior lobe

A

Apicoposterior (1-2)
Anterior
Lingular division has 2 (superior lingular and inferior lingular)

29
Q

BP segments of left inferior lobe

A 
Superior 
Medial B
Nateior B
Lateral B
Posterior B
30
Q

Innervation of the lungs

A

Pulmonary plexuses
Postganglionic symp
Preganglionic parasymp
Visceral afferent

31
Q

Postganglionic symp fibers of lungs from

A

Cell bodies in upper and cervical sympathetic chain ganglia (paravertebral)

32
Q

Preganglionic parasymp of lungs

A

Vagus nerve

33
Q

Sympathetic lung stimulation

A

Bronchodilation and inhibition of bronchial secretions

34
Q

Parasympathetic lung stimulation

A

Bronchoconstriction and increased bronchial secretions

35
Q

Affarent innervation of lungs and visceral pleura

and how these fibers travel

A

Affarent nociceptive fibers
Afferent reflex fibers
Travel with symp and vagal fibers back to spinal cord and brain stem

36
Q

Afferent innervation of the parietal pleura

A

Intercostal and phrenic nerves

37
Q

Lung pulmonary circulation

A

Pulmonary arteries and veins

38
Q

Systemic circulation of lungs

A

Bronchial arteries
Bronchial veins
Supplies root of lungs and supporting tissue

39
Q

Bronchial arteries from

A

Thoracic aorta or upper posterior intercostal arteries

40
Q

Bronchial veins drain

A

Into azygos system or superior intercostal veins

41
Q

Horizontal Surface location

A

Along 4th rib and costal cartilage on right side

42
Q

Oblique fissure Surface location

A

Starts at T2/T3 spinous process and runs down to follow curvature of 6th rib

43
Q

Cardiac nothc surface location

A

Along 4-6 costal cartilages left of sternum

44
Q

Lower respiratory system develops as a ________ beginning ______

A

4th week

Outpocketing from the cranial foregut

45
Q

Laryngotracheal diverticulum and what germ layer

A

Forms from caudal end of the floor of primitive pharynz
Endoderm lined
Cartilage, muscle, and connective tissue from splanchnic mesoderm

46
Q

Tracheoesophageal folds - what are they and what is function?…also, what germ layer?

A

Form along longitudinal margins and fuse to produce tracheoesophageal septum
Isolates developing respiratory system from digestive system
Splanchnic mesoderm

47
Q

Tracheoesophageal septum divides what?

A

The cranial foregut into a ventral laryngotracheal tube and a dorsal esophagus portion

48
Q

Laryngeal inlet

A

How laryngotracheal tube retains connection with the pharynx

49
Q

Tracheoesophageal fistulas

A

Result of incomplete closure of tracheoesophageal folds

Connection of larynx and foregut

50
Q

Results of a tracheoesophageal fistual

A

Esophageal atresia and polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid)

51
Q

Clinical signs of tracheoesophageal fistulas

A

Excess mucous
Cyanosis
Abdominal distension after crying
Gastric reflux in the lungs

52
Q

Gastric reflux in the lungs leads to

A

Pneumonitis

53
Q

VACTERL association

A 
Vertebral abnormal
Anal atresia
Cardiovascular abnormal
Tracheoesophageal fistula
Esophageal atresia
Renal anomalies
Limb Defects
54
Q

What does lung bud at end of laryngotracheal diverticulum divide into

A

Bronchial Buds

55
Q

How to bronchial buds gorw?

A

Laterally into the primitive pleural cavities

56
Q

Visceral and parietal pleura derived from

A

V - splanchnic

P - somatic

57
Q

Each bronchial bud fomrs a

A

Primary bronchus

58
Q

Primary bronchi form

A

3 or 2 secondary bronchi

59
Q

Tertiary bronchi surrounded by

A

Expanding mass of mesoderm

60
Q

Each segmental bronchus and surrounding mesoderm are called a

A

Bronchopulmonary segment

61
Q

16 weeks

A

Conducting portion generated

62
Q

FInal level

A

Prospective terminal bronchioles

63
Q

What do fetal breathing movements accomplish?

A

Cause aspiration of amniotic fluid

64
Q

When born, what happens to lungs and amniotic fluid

A

Eliminated through nose and mouth and by resorbption of blood and lymph
Lungs are conditioned

65
Q

Earliest period where fetus can survive

A

25-28 weeks

66
Q

What do lungs of newborn infant look like on chest X-ray?

A

More dense because of fewer mature alveoli

67
Q

Respiratory distress syndrome

A

Surfactant deficiency

68
Q

Tx for RDS

A

Corticosteroids to the mother and surfactant replacement in child

69
Q

Hylaine membrane disease

A

From repeated gasping inhalations that can damage alveolar lining…collaspes and creates glassy membrane

Anatomy and Radiology Test 2 (18 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions