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Portugal Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the min abv for Vinho Verde DOP still wine?

A

8%

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2
Q

What is the only DOP in Beira Atlantico?

A

Bairrada

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3
Q

What is the most heavily planted white grape in the Vinho Verde DOP?

A

loureira

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4
Q

What styles of wine are made in Azores?

A

verdelho based still white, licoroso, and sparkling

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5
Q

What are the 3 DOP zones of Azores IGP?

A
  • Pico
  • Biscoitos
  • Graciosa
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6
Q

What was the first demarcated wine region in Portugal?

A

Douro (1756)

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7
Q

What is the primary soil type in Vinho Verde DOP?

A

granite

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8
Q

Describe Dao Nobre white wine

A
  • min 15% encruzado
  • min 11.5% abv
  • min 1 year of age
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9
Q

What IGP encompasses the DOP zones of Douro and Porto?

A

Duriense IGP

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10
Q

What style of wine is Pico DOP known for?

A

fortified wines with 16% min abv

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11
Q

Red wines of Alentejo DOP must contain 75% which recommended varieties?

A
  • alfrocheiro
  • alicante bouchet
  • aragonez
  • cab sauv
  • castelas
  • syrah
  • touriga nacional
  • trincadeira
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12
Q

What style of wine is common in Carcavelos DOP?

A

vinho licoroso

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13
Q

What is the abv range for vinho verde without a variety or regional designation?

A

8-11.5%

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14
Q

On what island is Biscoitos DOP?

A

Terceira

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15
Q

What is the climate of Transmontano IGP?

A
  • hot, dry, mountainous continental
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16
Q

At what altitude are Dao’s best vineyards?

A

400-500 m

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17
Q

How many DOPs are in Portugal?

A

31

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18
Q

What are the dominant red and white grapes in DoTejo DOP?

A

fernao pires - white
castelao - red

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19
Q

What are the dominant red grapes of Algarve IGP?

A
  • castelao
  • tinta negro mole
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20
Q

How many IGPs are in Portugal?

A

14

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21
Q

What river meets the Atlantic near Lisbon?

A

Tagus

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22
Q

What is the age requirement for Dao Nobre Reserva?

A

red - 42 months
white - 1 year

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23
Q

What is the assemblage of Encostas d’Aire DOP Medieval de Ourem?

A

80% fernao pires
20% trincadeira

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24
Q

What Alentejo subzone is located on the cool granitic slopes of the Sao Mamede Mountains?

A

Portalegre

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25
Q

What are the dominant white grapes of Algarve IGP?

A
  • arinto
  • siria
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26
Q

What is the primary grape of Bucelas DOP?

A

arinto

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27
Q

What are the primary grapes of Colares DOP?

A

white - malvasia
red - ramisco (ungrafted and planted in sandy soil), castelao (planted in hard soil)

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28
Q

What is the most prominent grape of the Alentejo DOP?

A

trincadeira

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29
Q

What is the most widely planted grape in Portugal?

A

aragonez

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30
Q

What 2 estuaries divide Peninsula de Setubal IGP?

A
  • Tagus
  • Sado
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31
Q

Coruche, Chamusca, Cortaxo, Santarem, Tamar, and Almeirim are all subzones of which DOP?

A

DoTejo

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32
Q

What are the 8 sub DOPs within Alentejo DOP?

A
  • Borba
  • Evora
  • Granja Amarela
  • Moura
  • Portalegre
  • Redondo
  • Reguengos
  • Vidiguera
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33
Q

What is the only subzone of Beira Atlantico IGP?

A

Terras do Sico

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34
Q

What are the red and white varieties that must make up 67% of the blends of licoroso wines of Setubal DOP?

A

white - moscatel du setubal (alexandria_
red - moscatel roxo

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35
Q

Tavora-Varosa DOP is located within what IGP?

A

Terras de Cister IGP

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36
Q

What are the recommended white grapes of Dao DOP?

A
  • encruzado
  • bical
  • cercial
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37
Q

What is the most planted white grape in Portugal?

A

fernao pires

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38
Q

What are the 4 DOP zones of Algarve IGP?

A
  • Lagos
  • Lagoa
  • Portimao
  • Tavira
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39
Q

Describe red Nobre Dao wine

A
  • min 15% touriga nacional
  • min 12% abv
  • min 3 years ageing
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40
Q

What are the 3 subzones of Tras-o-Montes DOP?

A
  • Chaves
  • Valpacos
  • Planato MIrandes
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41
Q

What 2 mountain ranges influence Douro DOP?

A
  • Marao
  • Montemuro
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42
Q

What is the varietal makeup for red wines from Lafoes DOP?

A

min 40% amoral plus jaen and pilango

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43
Q

What is the Portuguese term for terraced vineyards in the Porto DOP?

A

Patamares

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44
Q

What are vinhos ao Alta?

A
  • vertical, upslope rows becoming more popular in Douro
  • less high quality
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45
Q

What are the primary white grapes for Douro table wine?

A
  • malvasia fina
  • rabigato
  • viosinha
  • gouveio
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46
Q

What is tinto palhete?

A

red wine produced from adding max 15% white grapes

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47
Q

What is the max abv for vinho leve?

A

10%

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48
Q

In the Lisboa IGP area, what DOP produces aguardiente?

A

Lourinha

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49
Q

What are the primary grapes in Algarve?

A
  • negro mole
  • castelao
  • trincadeira
  • alicanet bouchet
  • arinto
  • siria
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50
Q

What is the primary soil type in Dao DOP?

A

granite

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51
Q

What is the age requirement for Garrafeira Branco?

A
  • min 12 months with at least 6 mos in bottle
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52
Q

What are the 7 subzones of Dao DOP?

A
  • Serra del Estrella
  • Alva
  • Bestieros
  • Siligueiros
  • Terra de Senhorim
  • Castendo
  • Terras de Azurara
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53
Q

What is the varietal makeup of white wine from Lafoes DOP?

A
  • min 50% arinto plus cercial to make 85%
  • remainder can be dona branca, sercial, rabo de ovelha
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54
Q

What is the min percentage of castelao required in red wines from Palmela DOP?

A

66.7%

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55
Q

What are the 3 subzones of Beira Interior DOP?

A
  • Beira Castelao Rodrigo
  • Cava da Beira
  • Pinhel
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56
Q

What river marks the northern border for Vinho Verde?

A

Minho River

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57
Q

What is the climate of Dao DOP?

A

continental interior with coastal maritime influence

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58
Q

What is the min age requirement for red wine from Douro DOP?

A

may not be released until May 1st , YFH

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59
Q

What is the age requirement for Dao Reserva wines?

A

red - 2 years
white - 6 months

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60
Q

What is the primary soil type of Douro DOP?

A

schist

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61
Q

What is the Portuguese term for late harvest?

A

vinima tardia

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62
Q

What is vinho abafado?

A

partially fermented grape must preserved with alcohol
- found in Carcavelos and Lisboa

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63
Q

What IGP encompasses the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo?

A

Terras Madeirenses

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64
Q

What DOP is used for the rarely exported dry wines of Madeira?

A

Madeirense DOP

65
Q

What is the min abv of Bairrada Classico?

A

12.5%

66
Q

What style of liquor is found in Lourinha DOP?

A

aguardiente (brandy)

67
Q

What type of wines are common in Beira Interior DOP?

A

bulk and co-op

68
Q

What is the primary red grape of Bairrada DOP?

A

baga

69
Q

What is barros?

A

clay soil found in Bairrada

70
Q

Tinta Bairrada is an alias for what grape?

A

baga

71
Q

What is the dominant grape of Dao DOP?

A

touriga nacional

72
Q

What is enforcado training method?

A

old trellising system which allowed vines to grow up tree trunks or stakes to create a canopy

73
Q

What is the largest DOP in Portugal?

A

Vinho Verde DOP

74
Q

White wines of Alentejo DOP must be a min 75% which grapes?

A
  • antao vaz
  • arinto
  • fernao pires
  • manteudo
  • perrum
  • rabo de ovelha
  • siria
  • tamarez
  • trincadeira das pratas
75
Q

What are the 3 subzones of Douro DOP?

A
  • Baixo Corgo
  • Cima Corgo
  • Douro Superior
76
Q

How many DOP zones fall within the Lisboa IGP?

A

9

77
Q

Quercus suber is widespread in which DOP?

A

Alentejo

78
Q

What type of wine is Tejo IGP known for?

A

bulk

79
Q

What are the wine classifications for Portugal?

A
  • Vinho
  • IGP
  • DOP
80
Q

What are the primary red grapes for Douro table wine?

A
  • touriga nacional
  • touriga franca
  • tinta roriz
  • tinta barocca
  • tinta cao
81
Q

What is the soil type of Tras-o-Montes DOP?

A

schist and granite

82
Q

What are the recommended white varieties of Vinho Verde DOP?

A
  • alvarinho
  • avesso
  • azal
  • batoca
  • loureiro
  • arinto
  • trajadura
83
Q

What is the abv requirement to be labeled Colheita Seleccionada?

A

abv must be min 1% above standard DOP/IGP requirements

84
Q

Dao DOP and Lafoes DOP are encompassed by what IGP?

A

Terras do Dao IGP

85
Q

What 3 grapes must make up the majority of dry table wine from Graciosa DOP?

A
  • verdelho
  • arinto dos azores (sercial)
  • terrantez do pico
86
Q

What grape is used for vinho licoroso in Douro DOP?

A

moscatel galego

87
Q

What are the 9 subzones of Vinho Verde DOP?

A
  • Moncao e Malgaco
  • Cavado
  • Amarante
  • Paiva
  • Basto
  • Sousa
  • Lima
  • Ave
  • Baiao
88
Q

What is the max percentage of experimental grapes allowed in Dao DOP?

A

max 40%

89
Q

List 3 of the recommended red grapes of Dao DOP

A
  • touriga nacoinal
  • touriga franca
  • aragonez
  • rufete
  • jaen
  • alfrochiero
  • bastardo
  • trincadeiro
  • tinta cao
90
Q

What style of wine is Tavora-Varosa known for?

A

sparkling

91
Q

In what year did the Treaty of Windsor establish a trade alliance between Portugal and England?

A

1386

92
Q

What white grapes are common in the sandy areas of Bairrada?

A
  • maria gomes
  • arinto
93
Q

Define garrafeira

A
  • vintage dated
  • extra .5% abv
  • reds are aged 3 years including 1 year in bottle
  • whites are aged 1 year including 6 months in bottle
94
Q

What are the 2 distinct soil types of Palmela DOP?

A
  • clay limestone in lower slopes of Arrabida Mountains
  • sand in low lying plains
95
Q

What percentage of Portugal’s landmass is covered by the Alentejano IGP?

A

30%

96
Q

What styles of wine are allowed in Dao DOP?

A
  • red, white, rose
  • sparkling
97
Q

Tinta roriz is an alias for what grape?

A

aragonez

98
Q

In what Vinho Verde subregion is varietal alvarinho found?

A

Moncao e Melgaco

99
Q

What IGP shares the same geographical boundary as Vinho Verde DOP?

A

Minho IGP

100
Q

Where is Herdade de Malhadinha located?

A

Alentejo DOP

101
Q

What is the climate influence of Vinho Verde?

A

cool, atlantic

102
Q

What are the age requirements for sparkling wine from Tras-o-Montes DOP?

A

Reserva - 12 to 24 mos age befor disgorgement
Extra Reserva - 24-36 mos before disgorgement
Reserva Velha/Grand Reserva - min 3 years prior to disgorgement

103
Q

What are the recommended red varieties of Vinho Verde?

A
  • amoral
  • borracal
  • alvarelhao
  • espadeiro
  • padeir
  • pedral
  • rabo de anho
  • vinhao
104
Q

Define chao de areia and chao rija (found in Colares DOC)

A

areia - sand
rija - hard soil

105
Q

What is the volume of a Douro pipe?

A

550 L

106
Q

In what region is talha (amphora) winemaking still practiced?

A

Alentejo

107
Q

Fortified wines account for what percentage of Portugal’s wine exports?

A

just under 50% (as of 2011) and decreasing

108
Q

When was Portugal’s wine law established?

A

1986 (upon joining the EU)

109
Q

What are the designations of Portugal’s wine law

A
  • DOC
  • Vinhos Regional (VR/IGP)
  • Vinho da Mesa
110
Q

Antao vaz is a prominent blending grape in which region?

A

Vidiguera, Alentejo

111
Q

What white grape is increasingly made in a Burgundian style (single varietal, new french oak) due to its high quality reputation?

A

encruzado

112
Q

Describe the qualities of fernao pires

A
  • aromatic (citrus and florals)
  • early budding and ripening
  • short growing season
  • vigorous
  • drops acid quickly near the end of ripening
  • used in blends
113
Q

Where are the highest quality examples of loureiro found?

A

Vale do Lima, Vinho Verde

114
Q

Aragonez is most famously known as what?

A

tempranillo

115
Q

Bastardo is also known as what in France?

A

trousseau

116
Q

Moncao e Melgaco borders which Spanish wine region?

A

Galicia

117
Q

What mountain range protects Moncao e Melgaco from harsh Atlantic influence?

A

Serra d’Arga Mountains

118
Q

Where in Vinho Verde DOC are most of the red wines produced?

A

south and east

119
Q

What percentage of Vinho Verde DOC wines are white?

A

80%

120
Q

What famous brand began in Tras-o-Montes?

A

Mateus Rose
- extreme cold of the winters didn’t allow for complete fermentation

121
Q

Who owns Mateus?

A

Sogrape

122
Q

What is the climate of the Douro Valley?

A

arid continental

123
Q

What is the most important soil type for quality wine in the Douro?

A

schist

124
Q

What was the first vintage of Casa Ferreirinha Barca Velha, what is the assemblage, and why is it special?

A

1952
- touriga franca, touriga nacional, tinta roriz, tinta cao (all Douro Superior fruit)
- only made in the best vintages (current vintage is 2011)

125
Q

How long must traditional method sparkling wines rest on lees prior to disgorgement in Tavora-Varosa DOC?

A

9 months

126
Q

What is the most important grape for sparkling wine production in Tavora-Varosa DOC?

A

malvasia fina (must represent 30% of plantings)

127
Q

In what Portuguese DOC are pine and eucalyptus trees found?

A

Bairrada

128
Q

Why are vines in Bairrada trained high off the ground?

A

increased airflow reduces mildew (a big problem in the area)

129
Q

Grapes in Bairrada that have been ‘green harvested’ are often used for what? Who introduced this concept?

A

sparkling wine
- Luis Pato

130
Q

What type of wine makes up the largest category in Bairrada?

A

sparkling

131
Q

Until 2003, wines labeled Bairadda DOC must be what percent baga?

A

50%

132
Q

When was the Dao DOC established?

A

1990

133
Q

Beyond DOC, what wine label terms are used in Dao?

A
  • Vina Nobre
  • Reserva
  • Garrafeira
134
Q

What are the typical white wines of Dao DOC?

A

blends based on encruzado with malvasia fina
- focused, acidic, and textural
- gaining attention/importance

135
Q

What are picarra and where are they found?

A
  • large veins of schist in shallow granitic soils
  • found in Beira Interior
136
Q

Almost all the wine in Beira Interior is vinified by who?

A

co-op

137
Q

What wine region is the westernmost piece of land in continental Europe?

A

Colares DOC

138
Q

What is the climate of Lisboa DOC

A

maritime

139
Q

What are the age requirements in Colares DOC?

A

white - 6 months in container plus 3 months in bottle
red - 18 months in container plus 6 months in bottle

140
Q

What are the only wines permitted in Bucelas DOC?

A

arinto based (min 75%) dry white and traditional method sparkling

141
Q

What are leziria and where are they found?

A
  • large, fertile, productive floodplains
  • found along Tejo river
  • most viticulture in Tejo takes place here
142
Q

What wine is associated with Palmela DOC?

A

full bodied, velvety castelao

143
Q

What is the abv range for Setubal DOC?

A

16-22%

144
Q

What is the RS designation for Setubal DOC?

A

wines < 20 years old have max RS 280 g/L
wines > 20 years old have max RS 340 g/L

145
Q

How long must wines of Setubal DOC age before release?

A

18 months

146
Q

What label designations are used in Setubal DOC?

A

Superior - min 5 years age
Age statement - 10/20/30/+40 years

147
Q

When was the Vinho de Talha DOC established?

A

2011

148
Q

DOC regulations state that vines in Portalegre must be planted on what type of soil?

A

granitic

149
Q

What are the regulations for Vinho de Talha?

A
  • destemmed grapes (though a portion of stems may act as a filter)
  • grape skins included in must
  • must remains in talha until Nov 11, HY
150
Q

What is the size range for talhas used in commercial wineries?

A

600-1000 L

151
Q

What is pes?

A
  • mixture of olive oil, beeswax, and pine resin
  • traditionally used to seal talha
152
Q

What region has the most mediterranean climate in Portugal?

A

Algarve

153
Q

What is the soil type of Pico DOC?

A

bare lava rock

154
Q

What are jeiroes (singular jarao)?

A
  • volcanic stone wall mazes found in Pico and Terceira
155
Q

What is the purpose of the volcanic stone walls built in the Azores?

A
  • best way to use the volcanic rock that needed to be moved
  • maze formation protects from cold winds (no straight path in)
156
Q

What mountain range influences the Bucelas DOP?

A

Serra de Montehunto Hills

157
Q

Why is the Mateus bottle shapes like a bocksbeutal?

A

It is shaped to look like a WW2 flask

158
Q

Cabinda is the sole recommended red grape in what DOP?

A

Lourinha

159
Q

Jaen is known as what grape in Spain?

A

mencia

CMS - MS Theory (64 decks)

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