New Zealand Flashcards
What percentage of NZ acreage is sauvignon blanc?
60%
The Waimea plains and Moutere Hills are found in which GI?
Nelson
Where was the first sauvignon blanc in Marlbourough planted?
Montana’s Brancott Vineyard (1975)
White grapes make up what percentage of Marlbourough GI? How much of that is sauv blanc?
94% white grapes
85% of that is sauv blanc
What is the most planted variety in Hawke’s Bay?
Merlot
What is the only official subregion of Hawke’s Bay GI?
Central Hawke’s Bay GI
What is the annual rainfall of Central Otago?
10.8 in
What is the annual rainfall of Marlbourough GI?
25.5 in
What Champagne house has a partnership with Montana Co. in NZ?
Deutz
What is the largest wine company in NZ?
Montana
The Bay of Plenty and Lake Taupo are features of which GI?
Waikato
What year kicked off the NZ screwcap initiative?
2001
What is the annual rainfall of Hawke’s Bay GI?
15.3 in
How many official GIs are in NZ?
22
What are the 2 subregions of Canterbury?
- North Canterbury GI
- Waipara Valley GI
What is New Zealand’s oldest winery?
Mission Estate, Hawke’s Bay GI (est 1851)
What are the 3 official subzones of Auckland GI?
- Matakana
- Waiheke Island
- Kumeu
What are the 7 subregions of Central Otago?
- Gibbston
- Wanaka
- Cromwell Basin
- Bannockburn (only official subregion)
- Bendigo
- Alexandra Basin
- Lowburn and Pisa
What percentage of NZ vineyards are in Marlbourough?
70%
Where is Craggy Range located?
Hawke’s Bay
What percentage of Central Otago vineyard area is pinot noir?
75%
Where is the Ngaruroro River located?
Hawke’s Bay GI
In which GI is Poverty Bay located?
Gisborne
Esk River Valley and Dartmoor Valley are located in which GI?
Hawke’s Bay
What are the 3 subzones of Marlbourough?
- Wairau Valley
- Southern Valley
- Awatere Valley
Who produces Te Muna Road vineyard sauv blanc?
Craggy Range
What is the soil type of Marlbourough GI?
- shallow stony
- deep sandy loam
- clay on hillsides
What are the 3 subzones (2 official, 1 unofficial) of Wairarapa GI?
- Martinbourough (official)
- Gladstone (official)
- Masterson (unofficial)
Red grapes struggle to ripen in which GI?
Gisborne
What is the most planted white grape in Hawke’s Bay?
chardonnay
What is the climate of Auckland GI?
warm, humid, maritime
What NZ region has a reputation for traditional method sparkling wines?
Marlbourough
Where are the producers Ata Rangi and Voss Estate located?
Wairarapa GI
How many official subregions are found in Nelson GI?
none, there are 4 unofficial subregions
What is the primary red and white grape grown in Auckland GI?
- chardonnay
- merlot
Where is the Waitaki River located?
North Otago
What NZ region was most known for bulk wine in the 1970s and 1980s?
Gisborne
Why is the Wairarapa GI low yielding?
cool, windy climate restults in small berries and bunches
Compare the climate of Awatere to Wairau valley
Awatere is cooler and windier due to coastal winds
What are the primary grapes grown in Canterbury GI?
- pinot noir
- pinot gris
- sauv blanc
- riesling
What is the soil type of Martinbourough?
shallow silt loams with gravelly sub-soils
What are the soil types of Auckland GI?
- volcanic
- layered sandstone/mudstone
- heavy clay
What are the warmest and coolest subregions of Central Otago?
- Gibbston (coolest)
- Bannockburn (warmest)
In what year was wine first allowed to be sold in supermarkets in NZ?
1989
What is the soil type of Waitaki/North Otago GI?
limestone
How many hectares under vine in Marlbourough GI?
26,000
What is the northernmost wine region on the south island?
Nelson GI
What unofficial Hawke’s Bay subregions are considered coastal?
- Te Awanga
- Northern Esk Valley
What are the 5 unofficial subzones of Auckland GI?
- South Auckland
- West Auckland
- Clevedon
- Huapai
- Henderson
Where are Glasnevin Gravels found?
Waipara Valley GI, North Canterbury
What region has the highest elevation in NZ?
Central Otago
All NZ growers and winemakers are part of what organization?
New Zealand Winegrowers (est 2002)
List 3 major producers in Central Otago
- Rippon
- Burn Cottage
- Felton Rd
- Peregrine
- Mt Difficulty
- Quartz Reef
What is the most planted white grape in Central Otago?
pinot gris
What is the 2nd largest winegrowing region in NZ?
Hawke’s Bay GI
What is the most planted grape in Nelson GI?
sauv blanc
What is the most planted grape in Gisborne GI?
chardonnay
What percentage of NZ wine is under screwcap?
85%
What are the soil types of Gisborne GI?
- alluvial near Waipoa River
- clay loam in plains
What mountain range separates Marlbourough and Nelson?
Richmond Ranges
The Wairau River and Awatere River are features of which GI?
Marlbourough
The south island of NZ is divided by which mountain range?
Southern Alps
Where is Kerikeri located?
Northland GI
Nobilo, Monkey Bay, and Kim Crawford are all owned by what company?
Constellation NZ
Who was the first producer to commercially release a NZ wine under screwcap?
Kim Crawford (2001)
What was New Zealand’s most planted grape in the 1960s hybrid heyday?
Albany Surprise
30% of NZ riesling is made in which GI?
Canterbury
What producer is responsible for over 50% of the plantings on Waiheke Island?
Man O’ War
What is the most planted grape in Auckland GI?
chardonnay
What is the southernmost region of the north island of NZ?
Wairarapa GI
Cloudy Bay and Allan Scott are located in which GI?
Marlbourough
What is the climate of Hawke’s Bay GI?
temperate maritime
What are the potential problems due to soil type in Gimblett Gravels GI?
- free draining gravels require irrigation
- low fertility soils can result in stuck fermentations due to lack of nitrogen
Kerikeri, Kaitaia, and Whangarei are the subregions of what NZ GI?
Northland GI
What are the requirements for using Gimblett Gravels on a label?
- member of the association
- 95% of grapes are sourced from the appellation
- grapes must come from vineyards where 95% of the soils fit the characteristics of Gimblett Gravels
- subject to audit
Neudorf Winery in Nelson GI is known for what type of wine?
premium chardonnay
What region is the largest producer of red wine in NZ?
Hawke’s Bay GI
Pegasus Bay and Mt Beautiful wineries are located in which GI?
Canterbury
What is the smallest area of production in NZ?
Northland GI
What are the primary soils of Northland GI?
clay, clay rich loam
What is the soil type of Bridge Pa (Hawke’s Bay)?
alluvial
Name the major wine regions on the North Island
North Land
Auckland
Waikato / Bay of Plenty
Gisborne
Hawke’s Bay
Wairarapa
What is the name of the strait that separates the North Island from the South Island in New Zealand
Cook Strait
What is the chief viticultural hazard in Matakana?
Mildew/Rot
What is the Maori word for water?
wai
What are the major natural features of the Nelson GI?
- Tasman Mountains
- Richmond Range
- Waimea River
- Tasman Bay
The subregions of Ormond Valley, Golden Slope, and Riverpoint are found in which GI?
Gisborne GI
Who’s the current owner of Montana?
Pernod Ricard
Who is Romeo Bragato?
Victorian base Australian Viticulturist: Identified most of the NZ wine regions and combated the Phylloxera in the country
What is the minimum % to be varietal labelling in NZ?
85%
What are the regulation for labelling vintage on the label in NZ?
85%
In 2022, how many official GI are in NZ?
22
Who is James Busby?
First record of wine production in NZ. Back to 1830’s. He was a British minister involved into the wine production in NZ and New South Wales too
What body of water has the greatest effect on Northland GI?
Pacific Ocean (nowhere is the sea more than 50 km away)
What is the latitude of the southern Island of NZ?
45th paralell
Name the prominent types of Pinot Noir clones found in New Zealand
Dijon (113, 114, 115, 667, 777)
What are the Roaring Forties?
- westerly winds that bring wet air
- batter the western half of New Zealand
- blocked by the southern alps
Name two producers who belong to The Family of 12
- KUMEU RIVER
- VILLA MARIA WINERY
- THE MILLTON VINEYARD
- CRAGGY RANGE
- ATA RANGI
- PALLISER ESTATE
- NEUDORF VINEYARDS
- NAUTILUS ESTATE
- LAWSON’S DRY HILLS
- FROMM WINERY
- PEGASUS BAY
- FELTON ROAD
What are the shelter belts?
- rows of trees planted to protect vineyards bad wind
- attracts birds so vineyards must be netted after veraison to protect the crop.
What producer introduced MLF to chardonnay making in NZ?
Kumeu River’s Michael Brajkovich 1985
What are the primary white grapes grown in Northland GI?
- chardonnay
- pinot gris
What are the primary red grapes grown in Northland GI?
- syrah
- merlot
- cab sauv
- pinotage
What are the soil types in Northland GI?
- volcanic
- clay rich loam
Where are the producers Karikari, Okahu, and Marsden found?
Northland GI
What are the 3 (unofficial) subregions of Northland GI?
- Kerikeri
- Kaitaia
- Whangarei
What are the primary red grapes grown in Auckland GI?
- merlot
- syrah
What are the major influencing natural features of Auckland GI?
- Pacific Ocean
- Waitakere Ranges
List 2 major producers in Auckland GI
- Kumeu River
- Matua Valley
- Babich
- Cable Bay
- Stonyridge
- Pernod Ricard NZ
- Villa Maria
List 2 (unofficial) subregions of Gisborne GI
- Hexton Hills (Golden Slope)
- Ormond
- Ormond Valley
- Manutuke
- Central Valley
- Riverpoint
- Patutahi
- Patutahi Plateau
- Waipaoa
In what GI is the Raukumara Range Found?
Gisborne GI
In what GI is the subregion of Bridge Pa found?
Hawke’s Bay GI
What is the annual rainfall in Hawke’s Bay GI?
15.3 in
What are the requirements to use the Gimblett Gravels label?
- be a member of the assoc.
- 95% of grapes come from within the region
- 95% of the grapes are grown in a vineyard that meets the defined soil characteristics
- wine subject to audit
List 2 major producers in Wairarapa GI
- Ata Rangi
- Dry River
- Palliser Estate
In what GI is the producer Neudorf found?
Nelson GI
What producer owns the vineyards ‘Mate’s Vineyard’ and ‘Hunting Hill?’
Kumeu River
What variety is most associated with the producer Neudorf?
chardonnay
What major region was not identified by Romeo Bragato?
Marlbourough
The Raumahanga River is an influence on what GI?
Wairarapa GI
Until 1996, what was the most planted grape in NZ?
muller-thurgau
What is the minimum abv for wine export in NZ?
8.5% (EU standard legal recognition of wine)
Where is the Tukituki River located?
Hawke’s Bay
What can cause the high thiol development in NZ sauv blanc?
- high UV exposure
- machine harvesting (activates thiol production as wound response)
- destemming (requires grape crushing)
- skin contact
What is the Tuku collective?
assosc. of Maori winegrowers looking to promote their wine
Why aren’t NZ vineyards planted on slopes?
- very young soil is alluvial and allows for good drainage without slope
- no need for extra sun exposure
Why did NZ switch to majority stelvin closure?
they were receiving bad cork supply
What NZ winery only uses natural cork?
Dry River (Martinbourough)
What Burgundy producer has hands in the Prophets Rock winery?
Francois Millet of de Vogue, bottling is called Cuvee des Antipodes
What NZ GI is the driest?
Alexandra Basin, Central Otago
What are Sauvage (Sacred Hill) and Te Koko (Cloudy Bay)?
both are barrel fermented sauv blancs made with indigenous yeast
What is the main viticultural hazard in Central Otago?
frost
What is the aspect of Southern Valleys in Marlbourough?
north facing
Who founded Cloudy Bay and what other winery did this person found?
Dave Honin, also founded Cape Mentelle in Margaret River, Australia
What is Method Marlbourough?
A group of winemakers promoting sparkling wine in Marlbourough (currently 10 producers)
What are the requirements of Method Marlbourough?
- 100% Marlbourough grapes
- traditional method
- use of chardonnay, pinot noir, meunier
- lees age min 18 mos
What is the highest peak in Hawke’s Bay?
Te Mata
What is the name of the DRC pinot noir clone smuggled into NZ?
Able clone (gumboot clone) named for the customs agent who stopped the smuggle and later brought the clone in himself via legal channels
Mercaptahexol is a thiol that produces what signature aroma?
grapefruit
What pinot producer bottles from the Calvert and Cornish Point vineyards?
Felton Road
What is the newest GI in New Zealand?
Bannockburn (became official in 2022)
