Australia Flashcards
Where is the producer Bass Philip located and what varietal wine are they known for?
South Gippsland, pinot noir
What style of wine is most common in Murray Darling GI and Swan Hill GI?
bulk
What 2 grapes make up half the acreage in Tumbarumba GI?
- chardonnay
- pinot noir
What are the “Big Rivers” of Big Rivers zone?
- Murray River
- Murrumbidgee River
When is classic Hunter semillon usually harvested?
end of Jan/early Feb (mid to late summer in southern hemisphere)
What is the climate of Hunter Valley GI?
warm, wet, humid, sub tropical
What grape is a hallmark of Brokenwood Winery?
semillon
What is Riverland GI known for?
- high production
- value brands
- fertile soil
- hot continental climate
How does Hunter Valley produce elegant wines, given its hot and wet climate?
- early autumn and very cloudy slows sugar ripening
- stormy summer promotes early picking
Inland NSW/Canberra District grown primarily which grape?
shiraz
Mudgee, Orange, and Cowra are all GIs within which zone?
Central Ranges Zone, NSW
Which NSW GI is known for cool climate shiraz?
New England Australia GI
Broke Fordwich is a subzone of which GI?
Hunter GI
Which NSW GI draws parallels to Cote Rotie?
Canberra Distric GI
What is the most planted grape in Southern Highlands GI?
tempranillo
What are the official subregions of Hunter GI?
- Upper Hunter Valley
- Pokolbin
- Broke Fordwich
What is the largest wine group in Australia?
Treasury Wine Estates
What grape is Shoalhaven Coast GI best known for?
chambourcin
What main geographic features influence NSW?
- Pacific Ocean
- Great Dividing Range
What is the most important GI within Big Rivers Zone?
Riverina GI
Where is Clonakilla located?
Canberra District
What was the first vintage of Bortoli’s Noble One?
1982
Rutherglen fortified muscat is fortified to what ratio?
1:4
List 4 wineries which produce a Rutherglen fortified muscat
- All Saints
- Morris
- Campbells
- Chambers
- Stanton & Kileen
- Rutherglen Estates
- Buller
- Pfeiffer
What are the main differences between topaque and Rutherglen muscat?
- topaque is made from muscadelle
- topaque is lighter in color and less intense in flavor
- topaque has higher acidity
What are the 2 most planted grapes in Yarra Valley GI?
- pinot noir
- chardonnay
In what GI is the producer Bindi Winegrowers?
Macedon Ranges
What are the 3 unofficial subzones of Geelong GI?
- Surf Coast/Ostways
- Bellarine
- Mooraboal Valley
What famed soil lies on the eastern side of Heathcote GI?
red-earth rich cambrian volcanic greenstone
What is the soil makeup of Lower Yarra vs Upper Yarra?
Lower Yarra - ancient sandy loam (warm, low elevation)
Upper Yarra - young red basalt (cool, higher elevation)
What is important about the soil in Golburn Valley GI?
alluvial sand prevented phylloxera
Where is Dom. Chandon Australia located?
Yarra Valley GI, Victoria
What is the climate of Rutherglen GI?
hot, continental
What grape dominates Mornington Peninsula?
pinot noir
What are the two GIs of Northwest Victoria that are shared with NSW?
- Murray Darling
- Swan Hill
What producer boasts the world’s oldest marsanne vines?
Tahbilk
What was Aus. leading wine region in the 19th century?
Victoria
What are the 3 most important GIs in the Port Philip Zone?
- Yarra Valley
- Mornington Peninsula
- Geelong
What are the 5 GIs of Central Victoria Zone?
- Bendigo
- Heathcote
- Golburn Valley
- Strathbogie Ranges
- Upper Golburn
What was the first commercial winery in Golburn GI?
Tahbilk
In what GI was Aus. 1st traditional method sparkling produced?
Grampians GI (Charles Pierlot/Pommery)
Nagambie Lakes is a subzone in which GI?
Golburn Valley
Why is producer Tahbilk unique?
They boast some of the oldest shiraz and marsanne vines in Aus. (1860s)
What are the hallmarks of Rutherglen muscat production?
- made with brown muscat
- blend of vintages
- no botrytis
- grapes raisinated on vine
- short fermentation on skins
- fortification
The Port Philip zone is centered around what major city?
Melbourne
What are the 4 tiers of Rutherglen muscat?
Basic - orange, floral, sweet
Classic - floral, nutty, concentrated
Grand - oxidative, rancio
Rare - sweet, viscous, no legal age req. but tastes at least 20 yrs old
What style of wine is common in Bendigo and Heathcote GI?
dense shiraz
What are the most planted red grapes in Adelaide Hills GI?
- pinot noir
- shiraz
Where is Jim Barry Wines located?
Clare Valley GI
What is the soil type of Watervale?
terra rosa over limestone
What is the climate of the Fleurieu Zone?
windy, warm mediterranean
What is the mountain range that influences the Clare Valley?
Mount Lofty Ranges
What regions make up the Barossa Zone?
- Barossa Valley GI
- Eden Valley GI
The Fleurieu Zone in South Australia encompasses what significant GI and what are the primary grapes grown?
Mclaren Vale
- cab sauv
- grenache
- syrah
- mourvedre
What grape is Coonawarra GI known for?
cab sauv
What is the dominant grape of Picadilly GI?
chardonnay
What are the 3 GIs of the Mount Lofty Ranges Zone?
- Clare Valley GI
- Adelaide Hills GI
- Adelaide Plains GI
What is the famous soil of Coonawarra GI?
Terra Rossa (iron rich clay-loam)
Lenswood and Picadilly are both subregions of which GI? What are the primary grapes grown?
Adelaide Hills
- sauv blanc
- chard
- pinot noir
What is the Scarce Earth Program and where did it originate?
Mclaren Vale - push to recognize unique geology in winegrowing
What is the coolest and rainiest region of Mount Lofty Ranges Zone?
Adelaide Hills GI
What Adelaide Hills subregion is known for chardonnay?
Picadilly
What are the largest wineries in Adelaide Hills GI?
- Petaluma
- Shaw & Smith
What is the annual rainfall in Clare Valley GI?
8 in
What is the soil in Polish Hill?
slate
What is the most planted grape in Clare Valley GI?
shiraz
What is the primary white grape of Lenswood GI?
Sauvignon blanc
What zones make up the Adelaide Super Zone?
- Barossa
- Fleurieu
- Mount Lofty Ranges
Where are the world’s oldest shiraz vines and when were they planted?
- Barossa Zone (Australia)
- Longmeil’s “Freedom Vineyard “
- planted 1843
What are the most planted grapes in Mclaren Vale GI?
- shiraz
- cab sauv
- grenache
Where is Penfold’s Magill Estate located?
Adelaide Plains GI
What are the 4 categories within the Barossa Old Vine Charter?
Old Vine- 35 yrs
Survivor Vine - 70 yrs
Centenarian Vine - 100 yrs
Ancestor Vine - 125 yrs
Watervale and Polish Hill River are subregions of what GI?
Clare Valley
What Clare Valley subzone is known for cab-malbec blends?
Wendouree
What Barossa bottling utilizes Australia’s oldest cab sauv vines?
Penfold’s Block 42
What is the most important region in the Limestone Coast Zone?
Coonawarra GI
What Clare Valley subzone is known for riesling on blue slate soil?
Polish Hill River
What was the inaugural vintage of Henschke’s Hill of Grace?
1958
Who produces Astralis?
Clarendon Hills
Who created Grange Hermitage and in what year?
Max Schubert (Penfolds)
1951 - experimental vintage, not commercially released
1952- first commercially available vintage
What is the soil makeup of Barossa Valley?
loamy clay
What percentage of production comes from South Australia?
50%
What GI is the principal source of fruit for Jacobs Creek?
Langhorn Creek GI
What are the qualifications for ‘Scarce Earth’ labelling?
- shiraz from Mclaren Vale GI
- single site
- vine age min 10 yrs old
- minimal oak usage
List 3 major wineries of Treasury Wine Estate?
- Leo Buring
- Lindeman’s
- Penfolds
- Rosemount
- Seppelt
- Wolf Blass
- Wynns
What Eden Valley subzone is known for chardonnay?
High Eden GI
What are the primary factors limiting expansion of planting in Eden Valley?
- water scarcity
- high salinity
- poor, rocky soil (granite/clay)
What is the smallest GI in the Fleurieu Zone?
Kangaroo Island
What is the Langton’s Classification?
Rank of best performing wines on the secondary market
What was the primary challenge of the 2011 vintage in Australia?
- heavy rain
- cold
- disease pressure
What recent Aus. vintages have had to deal with fires and smoke taint?
- 2009
- 2015
- 2020
The Australian Label Integrity program requires a min of what percentage if a variety, vintage, or region is declared?
85%
What country is Australia’s top export market?
China
What are the primary white grapes in Tasmania?
- chard
- sauv blanc
- riesling
- pinot gris
What is the flagship brand of Casella Family Brands?
Yellow Tail
What winemaking state is the least significant in Aus?
Queensland
List 3 of the 7 unofficial subzones of Tasmania
Northern Tasmania
- Pipers River
- Tamar Valley
- North West Coast
Southern Tasmania
- Derwent Valley
- Huon Valley
- Coal River/Richmond
- The East Coast
What states are included in South Eastern Australia Zone?
- Victoria
- NSW
- South Australia
- Queensland
- Tasmania
When did Aus. develop bag in box technology?
1960’s
What were considered breakout vintages for Aus in the 1990’s?
- 1990
- 1991
- 1998
Where did the Australian First Fleet get wine supplies and cuttings?
South Africa
What is the most planted white variety in Aus?
chardonnay
Who landed the 1st fleet of European colonists in Aus and where?
Capt Arthur Philip, Botany Bay
Who is considered the father of the Aus wine industry?
James Busby
What was the 1st varietally labeled chardonnay in Aus?
Tyrell’s Vat 47
What Champagne house was behind Jansz?
Roederer
When was Wine Australia established?
1981
What are the 2 GIs of Queensland?
- Granite Belt GI
- South Burnett GI
In what year was the South Eastern Australia Zone established?
1996
What is the northernmost GI in Aus?
South Burnett GI
Where does Aus rank in world wine production?
7th
In what year was Australia’s Label Integrity Program established?
1990
What is the soil type of Wilyabrup?
red, gravelly loam
What is the primary chardonnay clone found in Margaret River GI?
Gingin
What are the 6 subregions of Margaret River GI?
- Yallingup
- Wilyabrup
- Wallcliffe
- Karridale
- Carburup
- Treeton
List 3 producers in Margaret River
- Cape Mentelle
- Cullen
- Leeuwin
- Moss Wood
- Vasse Felix
- Voyager Estate
What is Western Australia’s coolest GI?
Great Southern GI
What are the primary grapes grown in Margaret River GI?
- cab sauv
- sauv blanc
- semillon
- chardonnay
What subregion is considered the heart of Margaret River GI?
Wilyabrup
What is the climate of Margaret River GI?
warm Mediterranean with maritime influence
What is the hottest GI in Australia?
Swan District GI
What 3 producers make up the Golden Triangle of Wallcliffe?
- Leeuwin
- Cape Mentelle
- Voyager Estates
What are the 5 official subregions of Great Southern GI?
- Mount Barker (inland)
- Frankland River (inland)
- Porongorup (inland)
- Denmark (coastal)
- Albany (coastal)
What are the “First Five” of Margaret River and what are their respective subregions?
- Vasse Felix (Wilyabrup)
- Cullen (Wilyabrup)
- Moss Wood (Wilyabrup)
- Leeuwin Estate (Wallcliffe)
- Cape Mentelle (Wallcliffe)
What 3 bodies of water surround Margaret River GI?
- Geograph Bay
- Indian Ocean
- Southern Ocean
In what state are the Freemantle Doctor and Albany Doctor found?
Western Australia
Who makes Octavius Shiraz? First vintage?
Yalumba 1990
Who founded Mount Pleasant in the Hunter Valley?
Maurice O Shea in 1925
Who is the current winemaker for Penfolds?
Peter Gago (2002 - present)
Name some top vintages of Penfolds Grange from the 2000s
2014
2012
2010
2008
2006
2004
2002
Name some top vintages of Penfolds Grange from the 90s
1998
1996
1991
1990
Name some top vintages of Penfolds Grange from the 70s & 80s
1986
1976
1971
What is Australia’s oldest continuously operating winery
Wyndham Estate since 1828
Name the 2 GI located in the South Coast Zone
- Shoalhaven Coast
- Southern Highlands
When was the Muscat of Rutherglen Network established?
1995
What is the water body of the Adelaide?
Gulf St Vincent: helps to keep region cooler
What is the soil type of the Riverland GI?
Alluvial soil
What is “Black Dog” soil type?
Fine sandy loam from Rutherglen GI
What are the main natural influences of Western Australia?
- Southern Ocean
- Geographe Bay
- Blackwood / Swan Rivers
- Whicher Ranges
- Darling Range
What is Stelvin Closure? Who created it? When?
“Screw caps” developed by Australian research center in the early 1970’s
What is the Bass Strait?
Body of water dividing Victoria (Australia Mainland) from Tasmania
What is the LIP?
Label Integrity Program: - Introduced in 1990: Australian labelling wine regulation
What is CSIRO?
Commonwealth Scientific & industrial Research Organisation – Australian research center
What is the altitude range of Barossa Valley?
250-370 m
What are the main practices that Australia is known for in approach to viticulture/winemaking?
- techninal efficiency
- mechanical harvesting
- irrigation
- blending
What two factors are responsible for Sunbury GI’s cool continental climate?
- Port Phillip
- Macedon Ranges
Who produces RunRig Shiraz?
Torbreck
What two rivers influence Barossa Valley?
- North Para
- Jacob’s Creek
Why do new grapes take so long to establish in Australia?
long mandated quarantines
What Margaret River estate did Robert Mondavi help establish?
Leeuwin Estate
What is the vine vale nurse
the cooling wind that comes through Barossa Valley
Name three ancestor vine wines
- Cirillo Estate, 1850 Grenache, Barossa Valley
- Hewitson, Old Garden Mourvèdre, Koch Family Pilgrim Vineyard, Barossa, 1853
- Langmeil, The Freedom 1843 Shiraz, Barossa Valley
- Henschke, Hill of Grace Shiraz, Eden Valley
- Penfolds, Block 42 Cabernet Sauvignon, Barossa Valley
Poonawatta Estate, The 1880 Shiraz, Eden Valley - Chateau Tanunda, 150 Year Old Vine Semillon, Barossa Valley
- Elderton, Command Single Vineyard Shiraz, Barossa Valley
- Turkey Flat, The Ancestor Shiraz, Barossa Valley
- Yalumba The Tri-Centenary Grenache, Barossa Valley, planted 1889
What estate helped launch the Barossa Old Vine Charter?
Yalumba
Name two Centenarian Vine wines
- Henschke, Mount Edelstone Shiraz, Eden Valley
- Chateau Tanunda, 100 Year Old Vines Shiraz, Barossa
- Yalumba The Steeple Shiraz, Barossa Valley, planted 1919
- Jacob’s Creek 1922 Block 2 Riesling
What are the three fire vintages in Australia?
- 2009
- 2019
- 2020
What is the wettest vintage in the last 5 years in Barossa?
2023
What winery pioneered acidification?
Penfolds
In which Victoria GI is the Mount Camel Range found?
Heathcote
What producer makes Graveyard Shiraz?
Brokenwood (first Hunter red wine to make Langtons Classification)
How often is Langston’s Classification updated?
every 4 years
What two wines from Margaret River are featured on the current Langton’s Classification?
- Cullen Wines Diana Madeline (93%cab 5% merlot)
- Leeuwin Estate Art Series Chardonnay
Which Gevrey-Chambertin producer acquired Bass Phillip in 2020?
Jean Marie Fourrier
Bass Phillip Reserve Pinot Noir comes from what GI
Gippsland, Victoria
Who produces Block 5 Pinot Noir?
Bindi (Macedon Ranges, Victoria)
Which two wines produced by Henschke are on the current Langton’s Classification?
- Hill of Grace Shiraz
- Mount Edelstone Shiraz
Where is the producer Mount Mary located and what two wines are featured on the Langston’s Classification?
Yarra Valley, Victoria
- Quintet
- Pinot Noir
Which 4 wines by Penfolds are on the Langton’s Classification?
- Bin 389 Cabernet Shiraz
- Bin 707 Cabernet Sauvignon
- Bin 95 Grange Shiraz
- Yattarna Chardonnay
What is the only white wine from Hunter Valley featured on the Langton’s Classification?
Tyrell’s Vat 1 Semillon
What is the only wine from Clare valley on the Langton’s Classification?
Wendouree Shiraz
Where is Wynn’s Estate located?
Coonawarra, South Australia
Yarra Yerring Dry Red No.1 emulates what style of wine?
Bordeaux blend
Where is Tolpuddle Winery located?
Tasmania
What are the unofficial subregions of Lower Hunter?
- Allandale
- Belford
- Dalwood
- Rothbury
What is the minimum elevation required in Orange GI?
600 m
- only GI in Australia with an elevation requirement
List 2 unofficial subregions of Barossa GI (they are all unofficial)
- Gomersal/Rosedale
- Southern Barossa Valley
- Rowland Flat District
- Barossa Foothills
- Northern Barossa Valley
- Light Pass/Stockwell
- Western Ridge
- Stonewell/Tanuda
List 3 key producers in Barossa Valley GI
- Seppeltsfield
- Torbreck
- Peter Lehmann
- Penfolds
- Two Hands
- Wolf Blass
- Turkey Flat
In what GI is Yalumba located?
Eden Valley GI
In what GI are d’Arenberg, Chapel Hill, and Clarendon Hills located?
McLaren Vale GI
What is the Australian synonym for mourvedre?
mataro
What was the inaugural vintage of Henschke’s Mount Edelstone Shiraz?
1952