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Australia Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

Where is the producer Bass Philip located and what varietal wine are they known for?

A

South Gippsland, pinot noir

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2
Q

What style of wine is most common in Murray Darling GI and Swan Hill GI?

A

bulk

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3
Q

What 2 grapes make up half the acreage in Tumbarumba GI?

A
  • chardonnay
  • pinot noir
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4
Q

What are the “Big Rivers” of Big Rivers zone?

A
  • Murray River
  • Murrumbidgee River
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5
Q

When is classic Hunter semillon usually harvested?

A

end of Jan/early Feb (mid to late summer in southern hemisphere)

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6
Q

What is the climate of Hunter Valley GI?

A

warm, wet, humid, sub tropical

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7
Q

What grape is a hallmark of Brokenwood Winery?

A

semillon

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8
Q

What is Riverland GI known for?

A
  • high production
  • value brands
  • fertile soil
  • hot continental climate
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9
Q

How does Hunter Valley produce elegant wines, given its hot and wet climate?

A
  • early autumn and very cloudy slows sugar ripening
  • stormy summer promotes early picking
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10
Q

Inland NSW/Canberra District grown primarily which grape?

A

shiraz

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11
Q

Mudgee, Orange, and Cowra are all GIs within which zone?

A

Central Ranges Zone, NSW

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12
Q

Which NSW GI is known for cool climate shiraz?

A

New England Australia GI

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13
Q

Broke Fordwich is a subzone of which GI?

A

Hunter GI

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14
Q

Which NSW GI draws parallels to Cote Rotie?

A

Canberra Distric GI

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15
Q

What is the most planted grape in Southern Highlands GI?

A

tempranillo

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16
Q

What are the official subregions of Hunter GI?

A
  • Upper Hunter Valley
  • Pokolbin
  • Broke Fordwich
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17
Q

What is the largest wine group in Australia?

A

Treasury Wine Estates

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18
Q

What grape is Shoalhaven Coast GI best known for?

A

chambourcin

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19
Q

What main geographic features influence NSW?

A
  • Pacific Ocean
  • Great Dividing Range
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20
Q

What is the most important GI within Big Rivers Zone?

A

Riverina GI

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21
Q

Where is Clonakilla located?

A

Canberra District

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22
Q

What was the first vintage of Bortoli’s Noble One?

A

1982

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23
Q

Rutherglen fortified muscat is fortified to what ratio?

A

1:4

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24
Q

What are the eight wineries which produce a Rutherglen fortified muscat?

A
  • All Saints
  • Morris
  • Campbells
  • Chambers
  • Stanton & Kileen
  • Rutherglen Estates
  • Buller
  • Pfeiffer
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25
Q

What are the main differences between topaque and Rutherglen muscat?

A
  • topaque is made from muscadelle
  • topaque is lighter in color and less intense in flavor
  • topaque has higher acidity
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26
Q

What are the 2 most planted grapes in Yarra Valley GI?

A
  • pinot noir
  • chardonnay
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27
Q

In what GI is the producer Bindi Winegrowers?

A

Macedon Ranges

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28
Q

What are the 3 unofficial subzones of Geelong GI?

A
  • Surf Coast/Ostways
  • Bellarine
  • Mooraboal Valley
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29
Q

What famed soil lies on the eastern side of Heathcote GI?

A

red-earth rich cambrian volcanic greenstone

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30
Q

What is the soil makeup of Lower Yarra vs Upper Yarra?

A

Lower Yarra - ancient sandy loam (warm, low elevation)
Upper Yarra - young red basalt (cool, higher elevation)

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31
Q

What is important about the soil in Golburn Valley GI?

A

alluvial sand prevented phylloxera

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32
Q

Where is Dom. Chandon Australia located?

A

Yarra Valley GI, Victoria

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33
Q

What is the climate of Rutherglen GI?

A

hot, continental

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34
Q

What grape dominates Mornington Peninsula?

A

pinot noir

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35
Q

What are the two GIs of Northwest Victoria that are shared with NSW?

A
  • Murray Darling
  • Swan Hill
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36
Q

What producer boasts the world’s oldest marsanne vines?

A

Tahbilk

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37
Q

Yarra Valley and Mornington Peninsula in Victoria are promising for which grapes?

A
  • pinot noir
  • chardonnay
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38
Q

What was Aus. leading wine region in the 19th century?

A

Victoria

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39
Q

What are the 3 most important GIs in the Port Philip Zone?

A
  • Yarra Valley
  • Mornington Peninsula
  • Geelong
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40
Q

What are the 3 main regions of Central Victoria?

A
  • Bendigo
  • Heathcote
  • Golburn Valley
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41
Q

What was the first commercial winery in Golburn GI?

A

Tahbilk

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42
Q

In what GI was Aus. 1st traditional method sparkling produced?

A

Grampians GI (Charles Pierlot/Pommery)

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43
Q

Nagambie Lakes is a subzone in which GI?

A

Golburn Valley

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44
Q

Why is producer Tahbilk unique?

A

They boast some of the oldest shiraz and marsanne vines in Aus. (1860s)

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45
Q

What are the hallmarks of Rutherglen muscat production?

A
  • made with brown muscat
  • blend of vintages
  • no botrytis
  • grapes raisinated on vine
  • short fermentation on skins
  • fortification
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46
Q

The Port Philip zone is centered around what major city?

A

Melbourne

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47
Q

What are the 4 tiers of Rutherglen muscat?

A

Basic - orange, floral, sweet
Classic - floral, nutty, concentrated
Grand - oxidative, rancio
Rare - sweet, viscous, no legal age req. but tastes at least 20 yrs old

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48
Q

What style of wine is common in Bendigo and Heathcote GI?

A

dense shiraz

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49
Q

What are the most planted grapes in Adelaide Hills GI?

A
  • pinot noir
  • shiraz
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50
Q

Where is Jim Barry Wines located?

A
  • ironstone
  • red sandstone
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51
Q

What is the soil type of Watervale?

A

terra rosa over limestone

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52
Q

What is the climate of the Fleurieu Zone?

A

windy, warm mediterranean

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53
Q

What is the mountain range that influences the Clare Valley?

A

Mount Lofty Ranges

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54
Q

What regions make up the Barossa Zone?

A
  • Barossa Valley GI
  • Eden Valley GI
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55
Q

The Fleurieu Zone in South Australia encompasses what significant GI and what are the primary grapes grown?

A

Mclaren Vale
- cab sauv
- grenache
- syrah
- mourvedre

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56
Q

What grape is Coonawarra GI known for?

A

cab sauv

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57
Q

What is the dominant grape of Picadilly GI?

A

chardonnay

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58
Q

What are the 3 GIs of the Mount Lofty Ranges Zone?

A
  • Clare Valley GI
  • Adelaide Hills GI
  • Adelaide Plains GI
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59
Q

hat is the famous soil of Coonawarra GI?

A

Terra Rossa (iron rich clay-loam)

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60
Q

Lenswood and Picadilly are both subregions of which GI? What are the primary grapes grown?

A

Adelaide Hills
- sauv blanc
- chard
- pinot noir

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61
Q

What is the Scarce Earth Program and where did it originate?

A

Mclaren Vale - push to recognize unique geology in winegrowing

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62
Q

What is the coolest and rainiest region of Mount Lofty Ranges Zone?

A

Adelaide Hills GI

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63
Q

What Adelaide Hills subregion is known for chardonnay?

A

Picadilly

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64
Q

What are the largest wineries in Adelaide Hills GI?

A
  • Petaluma
  • Shaw & Smith
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65
Q

What is the annual rainfall in Clare Valley GI?

A

8 in

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66
Q

What is the soil in Polish Hill?

A

slate

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67
Q

What is the most planted grape in Clare Valley GI?

A

shiraz

68
Q

What is the most planted grape in Adelaide Hills and in which GI does it shine?

A

Sauvignon blanc in Lenswood GI

69
Q

What zones make up the Adelaide Super Zone?

A
  • Barossa
  • Fleurieu
  • Mount Lofty Ranges
70
Q

Where are the world’s oldest shiraz vines and when were they planted?

A
  • Barossa Zone (Australia)
  • Longmeil’s “Freedom Vineyard “
  • planted 1843
71
Q

What are the most planted grapes in Mclaren Vale GI?

A
  • shiraz
  • cab sauv
  • grenache
72
Q

Where is Penfold’s Magill Estate located?

A

Adelaide Plains GI

73
Q

What are the 4 categories within the Barossa Old Vine Charter?

A

Old Vine- 35 yrs
Survivor Vine - 70 yrs
Centenarian Vine - 100 yrs
Ancestor Vine - 125 yrs

74
Q

Watervale and Polish Hill River are subregions of what GI?

A

Clare Valley

75
Q

What Clare Valley subzone is known for cab-malbec blends?

A

Wendouree

76
Q

What Barossa bottling utilizes Australia’s oldest cab sauv vines?

A

Penfold’s Block 42

77
Q

What is the most important region in the Limestone Coast Zone?

A

Coonawarra GI

78
Q

What Clare Valley subzone is known for riesling on blue slate soil?

A

Polish Hill River

79
Q

What was the inaugural vintage of Henschke’s Hill of Grace?

A

1958

80
Q

Who produces Astralis?

A

Clarendon Hills

81
Q

Who created Grange Hermitage and in what year?

A

Max Schubert (Penfolds)
1951

82
Q

What is the soil makeup of Barossa Valley?

A

loamy clay

83
Q

What percentage of production comes from South Australia?

A

50%

84
Q

What GI is the principal source of fruit for Jacobs Creek?

A

Langhorn Creek GI

85
Q

What are the qualifications for ‘Scarce Earth’ labelling?

A
  • shiraz from Mclaren Vale GI
  • single site
  • vine age min 10 yrs old
  • minimal oak usage
86
Q

List 3 major wineries of Treasury Wine Estate?

A
  • Leo Buring
  • Lindeman’s
  • Penfolds
  • Rosemount
  • Seppelt
  • Wolf Blass
  • Wynns
87
Q

What Eden Valley subzone is known for chardonnay?

A

High Eden GI

88
Q

What is the most important GI in the Fleurieu Zone?

A

Mclaren Vale GI

89
Q

What are the primary factors limiting expansion of planting in Eden Valley?

A
  • water scarcity
  • high salinity
  • poor, rocky soil (granite/clay)
90
Q

What is the smallest GI in the Fleurieu Zone?

A

Kangaroo Island

91
Q

What is the Langton’s Classification?

A

Rank of best performing wines on the secondary market

92
Q

What was the primary challenge of the 2011 vintage in Australia?

A
  • heavy rain
  • cold
  • disease pressure
93
Q

What recent Aus. vintages have had to deal with fires and smoke taint?

A
  • 2009
  • 2015
  • 2020
94
Q

The Australian Label Integrity program requires a min of what percentage if a variety, vintage, or region is declared?

A

85%

95
Q

What country is Australia’s top export market?

A

China

96
Q

What are the primary white grapes in Tasmania?

A
  • chard
  • sauv blanc
  • riesling
  • pinot gris
97
Q

What is the flagship brand of Casella Family Brands?

A

Yellow Tail

98
Q

What winemaking state is the least significant in Aus?

A

Queensland

99
Q

Pipers River, Tamar Valley, and Coal River are all located within which region?

A

Tasmania

100
Q

What states are included in South Eastern Australia Zone?

A
  • Victoria
  • NSW
  • South Australia
  • Queensland
  • Tasmania
101
Q

When did Aus. develop bag in box technology?

A

1960’s

102
Q

What were considered breakout vintages for Aus in the 1990’s?

A
  • 1990
  • 1991
  • 1998
103
Q

Where did the Australian First Fleet get wine supplies and cuttings?

A

South Africa

104
Q

What is the most planted white variety in Aus?

A

chardonnay

105
Q

Who landed the 1st fleet of European colonists in Aus and where?

A

Capt Arthur Philip, Botany Bay

106
Q

Who is considered the father of the Aus wine industry?

A

James Busby

107
Q

What was the 1st varietally labeled chardonnay in Aus?

A

Tyrell’s Vat 47

108
Q

What Champagne house was behind Jansz?

A

Roederer

109
Q

When was Wine Australia established?

A

1981

110
Q

The best wine in Queensland comes from which GI?

A

Granite Belt GI

111
Q

In what year was the South Eastern Australia Zone established?

A

1996

112
Q

What is the northernmost GI in Aus?

A

South Burnett GI

113
Q

Where does Aus rank in world wine production?

A

7th

114
Q

In what year was Australia’s Label Integrity Program established?

A

1990

115
Q

What are the 2 most important subzones in Tasmania GI?

A
  • Tamar Valley
  • Coal River
116
Q

What is the soil type of Wilyabrup?

A

red, gravelly loam

117
Q

What is the primary chardonnay clone found in Margaret River GI?

A

Gingin

118
Q

What are the 6 subregions of Margaret River GI?

A
  • Yallingup
  • Wilyabrup
  • Wallcliffe
  • Karridale
  • Carburup
  • Treeton
119
Q

List 3 producers in Margaret River

A
  • Cape Mentelle
  • Cullen
  • Leeuwin
  • Moss Wood
  • Vasse Felix
  • Voyager Estate
120
Q

What is Western Australia’s coolest GI?

A

Great Southern GI

121
Q

What are the primary grapes grown in Margaret River GI?

A
  • cab sauv
  • sauv blanc
  • semillon
  • chardonnay
122
Q

What subregion is considered the heart of Margaret River GI?

A

Wilyabrup

123
Q

What is the climate of Margaret River GI?

A

warm Mediterranean with maritime influence

124
Q

What is the hottest GI in Australia?

A

Swan District GI

125
Q

What is the most important GI of South West Australia Zone?

A

Margaret River GI

126
Q

What 3 producers make up the Golden Triangle of Wallcliffe?

A
  • Leeuwin
  • Cape Mentelle
  • Voyager Estates
127
Q

What are the 5 official subregions of Great Southern GI?

A
  • Mount Barker (inland)
  • Frankland River (inland)
  • Porongorup (inland)
  • Denmark (coastal)
  • Albany (coastal)
128
Q

What are the “First Five” of Margaret River and what are their respective subregions?

A
  • Vasse Felix (Wilyabrup)
  • Cullen (Wilyabrup)
  • Moss Wood (Wilyabrup)
  • Leeuwin Estate (Wallcliffe)
  • Cape Mentelle (Wallcliffe)
129
Q

What 3 bodies of water surround Margaret River GI?

A
  • Geograph Bay
  • Indian Ocean
  • Southern Ocean
130
Q

In what state are the Freemantle Doctor and Albany Doctor found?

A

Western Australia

131
Q

Who makes Octavius Shiraz? First vintage?

A

Yalumba 1990

132
Q

Who founded Mount Pleasant in the Hunter Valley?

A

Maurice O Shea in 1925

133
Q

When was the first vintage of Penfolds grange, who was the winemaker

A

1951, Max Schubert

134
Q

Penfolds has only ever had 4 chief winemakers. Name them and their years of tenure

A
  • Max Schubert (1948-1975)
  • Don Ditter (1975-1986)
  • John Duval (1986-2002)
  • Peter Gago (2002 - present)
135
Q

Name some top vintages of Penfolds Grange from the200s

A

2014
2012
2010
2008
2006
2004
2002

136
Q

Name some top vintages of Penfolds Grange from the 90s

A

1998
1996
1991
1990

137
Q

Name some top vintages of Penfolds Grange from the 70s & 80s

A

1986
1976
1971

138
Q

What is Australia’s oldest continuously operating winery

A

Wyndham Estate since 1828

139
Q

Name the 3 subregions of the Hunter

A
  • Broke Fordwich
  • Pokolbin
  • Upper Hunter Valley
140
Q

Name the 2 GI located in the South Coast Zone

A
  • Shoalhaven Coast
  • Southern Highlands
141
Q

When was the Muscat of Rutherglen Network established?

A

1995

142
Q

What is the water body of the Adelaide?

A

Gulf St Vincent: helps to keep region cooler

143
Q

What is the soil type of the Riverland GI?

A

Alluvial soil: - Alongside the Murray river

144
Q

What is “Black Dog” soil type?

A

Fine sandy loam from Rutherglen GI

145
Q

What are the main natural influences of Western Australia?

A
  • Southern Ocean
  • Geographe Bay
  • Blackwood / Swan Rivers
  • Whicher Ranges
  • Darling Range
146
Q

What is Stelvin Closure? Who created it? When?

A

“Screw caps” developed by Australian research center in the early 1970’s

147
Q

What is the Bass Strait?

A

Body of water dividing Victoria (Australia Mainland) from Tasmania

148
Q

What is the LIP?

A

Label Integrity Program: - Introduced in 1990: Australian labelling wine regulation

149
Q

What is CSIRO?

A

Commonwealth Scientific & industrial Research Organisation – Australian research center

150
Q

What is the altitude range of Barossa Valley?

A

250-370 m

151
Q

What are the main practices that Australia is known for in approach to viticulture/winemaking?

A
  • techninal efficiency
  • mechanical harvesting
  • irrigation
  • blending
152
Q

What two factors are responsible for Sunbury GI’s cool continental climate?

A
  • Port Phillip
  • Macedon Ranges
153
Q

Who produces RunRig Shiraz?

A

Torbreck

154
Q

What two rivers influence Barossa Valley?

A
  • North Para
  • Jacob’s Creek
155
Q

Why do new grapes take so long to establish in Australia?

A

long mandated quarantines

156
Q

What Margaret River estate did Robert Mondavi help establish?

A

Leeuwin Estate

157
Q

What is the vine vale nurse

A

the cooling wind that comes through Barossa Valley

158
Q

Name three ancestor vine wines

A
  • Cirillo Estate, 1850 Grenache, Barossa Valley
  • Hewitson, Old Garden Mourvèdre, Koch Family Pilgrim Vineyard, Barossa, 1853
  • Langmeil, The Freedom 1843 Shiraz, Barossa Valley
  • Henschke, Hill of Grace Shiraz, Eden Valley
  • Penfolds, Block 42 Cabernet Sauvignon, Barossa Valley
    Poonawatta Estate, The 1880 Shiraz, Eden Valley
  • Chateau Tanunda, 150 Year Old Vine Semillon, Barossa Valley
  • Elderton, Command Single Vineyard Shiraz, Barossa Valley
  • Turkey Flat, The Ancestor Shiraz, Barossa Valley
  • Yalumba The Tri-Centenary Grenache, Barossa Valley, planted 1889
159
Q

What is the humidity level of Murray Darling?

A

low humidity

160
Q

What estate helped launch the Barossa Old Vine Charter?

A

Yalumba

161
Q

What is the coolest sub-region of McClaren Vale?

A

Clarendon Hills

162
Q

Name two Centenarian Vine wines

A
  • Henschke, Mount Edelstone Shiraz, Eden Valley
  • Chateau Tanunda, 100 Year Old Vines Shiraz, Barossa
  • Yalumba The Steeple Shiraz, Barossa Valley, planted 1919
  • Jacob’s Creek 1922 Block 2 Riesling
163
Q

What are the three fire vintages in Australia?

A
  • 2009
  • 2019
  • 2020
164
Q

What is the wettest vintage in the last 5 years in Barossa?

A

2023

165
Q

What winery invented acidification?

A

Penfolds

CMS - MS Theory (64 decks)

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