Loire Flashcards
What is a synonym for pinot gris in the Loire?
malvoisie
What is the max yield for Muscadet SEM with a subzone?
45 hl/ha
What are the sugar levels and corresponding designations in the Loire?
sec <8 g/L
demi sec 8-12 g/L
moelleux 12-45 g/L
doux > 45 g/L
What are the 3 soil types of Sancerre?
- terres blanches
- caillottes
- silex
What are the 3 soil types of Chinon?
- tuffeau
- clay
- varennes (sandy/alluvial)
What style of wine is made in Touraine Noble-Joue AOP?
dry rose made from at least 50% meunier (plus pinot noir and gris)
What are the allowed grapes of Saumur-Champigny AOP?
cab franc plus max combined 15% cab sauv, pineau d’aunis
What is the only commune of production in Bonnezeaux AOP?
Thouarce
What Loire AOP’s primary grapes are meunier and chardonnay?
Orleans AOP
List 4 of the 8 villages that can use the Saumur-Champigny AOP?
- Chace
- Montsoreau
- Parnay
- Saumur
- St Cyr En Bourg
- Sauzay Champigny
- Turquant
- Varrains
What is the min abv for Saumur-Champigny?
10.5%
What styles of wine are allowed in Cotes d’Auvergne AOP?
white - 100% chardonay
red/rose - min 50% gamay plus pinot noir
List 4 of the10 Cru Communaux of Muscadet?
- Champtoceaux
- Chateau Thebaud
- Clisson
- Gorges
- Goulaine
- La Haye-Fouassiere
- Le Pallet
- Monnieres-Saint-Fiacre
- Mouzillon Tillieres
- Vallet
What 3 villages make up Savanierres?
- Savannieres
- Possoniere
- Bouchemaine
What style of wine is allowed in Anjou-Villages Brissac AOP?
dry red based on cab franc and cab sauv
What styles of wine are allowed in Coteaux du Giennois AOP?
dry white - 100% sauv blanc
dry red/rose - pinot noir and gamay (no one exceeding 80%)
What is the max yield in Quarts de Chaume AOP?
20 hl/ha
What are the 4 main soil types in Sevre et Main?
- Gneiss
- Silica
- Clay
- Granite
What are the principal grapes found in reds from Touraine AOP?
vineyards east of Tours - 50% cot
vineyards west of Tours - 80% cab franc
What type of soil is in Savanierres?
blue schist with volcanic debris
What style of wine is allowed in Cabernet d’Anjou AOP?
rose of cab franc and cab sauv
What is the permitted grape of Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP?
chasselas
The rose of what Loire AOP is made from 100% pineau d’aunis?
Coteaux du Vendomais AOP
What are the only styles of wine allowed in both Coteaux de Saumur AOP and Anjou Coteaux de Loire?
off dry and sweet chenin
What are the allowed grapes for Rose de Loire AOP?
- grolleau/gris
- cab franc
- cab sauv
- pinot noir
- gamay
- pinot d’aunis
For roses from Touraine AOP, no single grape can account for what percentage of the blend?
70%
What is the max percent of cab sauv allowed in Chinon AOP?
10%
What are the origin and end points for the Loire river?
- originates in Massif Central
- empties into Atlantic
What climatic event in Pays Nantais solidified it as a white wine region?
frost of 1709 wiped out all red grapes
What 2 Loire AOPs make red from 100% gamay?
- Cotes du Forez
- Cote Roannaise
What wine wine only AOP in the Loire was the 2nd demarcated appellation in France?
Quincy AOP
What is the commune of production for Quarts de Chaume AOP?
Rochefort-sur-Loire
What are the requirements for Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP vin mousseaux?
- ancestral method
- hand harvested
- native yeast
- min 9 months on lees
- must be disgorged
- no dosage
- vintage dated
What is the min must weight and elevage for Coteaux de l’Aubance AOP SGN?
323 g/L
not released until June 15, 2YFH
What is gabbro?
coarse grained, igneous rock formed by slow cooling (magnesium and iron rich) magma
What are the principal and accessory white grapes of Fiefs Vendeens AOP?
- chenin (min 60%)
- chardonnay (min 10%)
- grolleau gris
- sauv blanc
What is the min abv of Chinon rouge?
10.5%
What is the max yield for Muscadet-Coteaux-de-Loire AOP?
55 hl/ha
What are the ‘sur lie’ requirements for Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP?
- 153 g/L must weight
- kept on lees until March 1, YFH
- bottled directly off lees between March 1-Nov 30 YFH
- cant be released until March 8, YFH
List 3 of the 7 villages that can append their name to Coteaux du Layon AOP
- Beaulieu sur Layon
- Chaume
- Rochefort sur Loire
- Faye d’Anjou
- Rablay sur Loire
- St Lambert du Lattay
- St Aubin de Ligne
What is the min abv for Sancerre?
10.5%
What are the accessory varieties allowed in Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP?
- montils
- max 10% colombard
In what year was Quarts de Chaume given Grand Cru status?
2010
What styles of wine are allowed in Coteaux du Loire AOP?
dry red, white, and rose
What red grapes are allowed in Cheverney AOP?
- pinot noir
- gamay
- cot
What is the min RS and elevage for Quarts de Chaume AOP?
85 g/L
not released until Sept 1, YFH
In what region is Coteaux d’Ancenis located?
Pays Nantais
What is the assemblage for reds and rose of Coteaux d’Ancenis?
gamay with max 10% cab franc
Rose makes up what percentage of Anjou’s production and what is the dominant grape?
45%
grolleau
White wines of Coteaux d’Ancenis are based on what grape?
pinot gris (malvoisie)
Where does the Loire Valley rank in France’s white wine production?
1st
- produces more white wine than any other region in France
What are the 7 allowed grapes of Rose d’Anjou AOP?
- grolleau/ gris
- cab franc
- cab sauv
- cot
- malbec
- pineau d’aunis
What is the climate of the Loire’s Central Valley?
cool continental
What exposure would you find in Savannieres?
steep southern exposure
The white wine of Haut-Poitou AOP is based on what grapes?
min 60% sauv blanc plus sauv gris
What styles of wine are allowed in Anjou AOP?
- white, rose, red
- sparkling
- sweet
What is the assemblage for red wine in Anjou AOP?
cab franc plus cab sauv
- max 30% combined pineau d’aunis and grolleau
What is the encepagement of Touraine Noble Joue AOP?
- min 40% meunier
- min 20% pinot gris
- min 10% pinot noir
What style of wine is allowed in Saumur AOP ‘Puy Notre Dame?’
dry reds of cab franc plus max 15% cab sauv
What is the max percentage of chardonnay allowed in Muscadet AOP?
10%
Red and rose of Valencay AOP must be a blend of what 3 varieties? What accessory varieties are allowed?
- gamay, pinot noir, malbec
- max 20% cab franc (and cab sauv until 2024 harvest)
What percentage of Muscadet production is accounted for by Sevre-et-Main?
80%
What is the min abv for Vouvray?
11%
What styles of wine are made in Chateaumeillant AOP?
gamay dominant red and rose (PN as accessory)
Muscadet sur lie can only be applied to which 3 sub-appellations?
- Coteaux de la Loire
- Cotes de Grandlieu
- Sevre-et-Main
What is the Methode Nantais?
fermenting and aging (inertly on lees) in large, glass-lined underground tanks
In what year did Coulee de Serrant and Roche Aux Moins receive their own AOPs?
2011
In what century was the first conclusive evidence of chenin blanc in the Loire?
16th century
What grapes are allowed in Coteaux du Loir AOP?
white - chenin
red - pineau d’aunis (min 65%), cot, gamay, grolleau
What Loire region is closest to the Atlantic?
Pays Nantais
What styles of wine are allowed in Saumur AOP?
- dry white, rose, and red
- sparkling
Anjou-Villages is authorized for what color wine only?
red only
What is the soil type for Clos Rougeard’s ‘Le Bourg’’ grapes?
clay
What is the elevage for Muscadet Sevre-et-Main AOP subzones?
- Goulaine and Le Pallet must age on fine lees until April 1, 2YFH
- all other subzones must age on fine lees until Oct 1, 2YFH
White wine from Coteaux du Vendomais AOP is based on what grape?
chenin blanc
What is the assemblage for white wines of Saint-Pourcain AOP?
50-80% chardonnay
20-40% sacy
max 10% sauv blanc
What are the 2 general appellations of the Loire Valley?
- Cremant de Loire AOP
- Rose de Loire AOP
The Clos des Briords parcel lies within which Muscadet cru?
Chateau-Thebaud
What are the 3 distinct sections of Coulee de Serrant?
- Grand Clos de la Coulee
- Clos du Chateau
- Les Plantes
What is the min RS for Rose d’Anjou AOP?
7 g/L
What are the max yields in Cremant de Loire AOP?
74 hl/ha
What is the primary soil type of the village of Breze?
turonian chalk
What is the mandated assemblage of Cremant de Loire AOP?
- max 30% combined cab sauv and pineau d’aunis
- plus accessories
What are the ‘anjou noir’ and ‘anjou blanc’ soils?
noir - dark schist
blanc - limestone
What is the pricipal soil type in Quincy AOP?
sand
Coteaux du Loir AOP is based on what style of wine?
red and rose made from pineau d’aunis
What are the 5 subzones of Fiefs Vendeens?
- Brem
- Chantonnay
- Mareuil
- Pisotte
- Vix
What is the min RS for Coteaux du Layon?
34 g/L
What is the assemblage for red and rose from Saint-Pourcin AOP?
rose - 100% gamay
red 40-75% gamay, 25-60% PN
In which 2 Muscadet Sevre-et-Main subzones can gabbro soil be found?
- Gorges
- Mouzillon-Tillieres
What 2 grapes must represent at least 60% of the blend for vin mousseaux from Touraine AOP?
- chenin blanc
- orbois
How many hectares is Clos de la Coulee de Serrant?
7 ha
What white grapes are allowed in Cheverney AOP?
- sauv blanc and sauv gris are primary
- chard, chenin, orbois
What are the 3 lieux-dits of Quarts de Chaume AOP?
- Les Quarts
- Les Roueres
- Le Veau
In what year was ‘sur lie” added as a designation to Muscadet production?
1977
What is the min RS in Bonnezeaux AOP?
51 g/L
What are the 4 AOPs for Melon B in Pays Nantais?
- Muscadet
- Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire
- Muscadet Sevre-et-Main
- Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu
Coteaux de l’Aubance is knows for what style of wine?
sweet
What region is the center of sparkling wine in the Loire?
Saumur
Chardonnay, gamay, and melon b all share which grapes as parents?
pinot noir X gouais blanc
What style of wine is made in Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP?
dry white based on 70% gros plant (folle blanche)
What is the allowed assemblage for white wine in Anjou AOP?
chenin plus max 20% combined chard and sauv blanc
What type of soil is tuffeau?
chalky, fine grained micaneous limestone
What style of wine is not allowed on Bourgueil of St-Nicolas-de-Bourgeuil?
white wine
As of 2020, what label designation will no longer be in use in Muscadet AOP?
sur lie
What are the allowed grapes of Reuilly AOP?
- sauv blanc
- pinot gris
- pinot noir
What is Touraine’s largest and most important wine region?
Vouvray
What are the primary grapes of Menetou-Salon AOP?
- sauv blanc
- pinot noir
Montlouis-sur-Loire was formerly part of what AOP?
Vouvray
Savannieres is located in which region?
Anjou
What is the average annual rainfall in Pays Nantais?
29 in
What are the red accessory varieties in haut-Poitou AOP?
- gamay
- gamay de bouze
- gamay de chaudenay
- merlot
- PN
What white grapes are allowed in Valencay AOP?
- sauv blanc
- orbois, chard, sauv gris
What is the min abv for Muscadet-Sevre-et-Main with and without a subzone?
without - 10%
with - 11%
What is the principal red variety of Haut-Poitou AOP?
cab franc
Who produces the bottle Excelsior?
Luneau-Papin
What is the primary soil type in Clisson?
granite
Where does the Loire Valley rank on production of sparkling wine?
2nd (only to Champagne)
What is the only grape allowed in Orleans-Clery AOP?
cab franc
What unofficial label in Muscadet-Sevre-e-Main promotes terroir and age-ability?
Hermine d’Or
What are the 2 AOP subregions of Coteaux du Layons?
- Bonnezeaux
- Quarts de Chaume
What is the primary soil type of Vouvray and Montlouis?
clay and limestone over tufa
What is the aging requirement for Muscadet sur lie?
cannot be bottled until March 1 after harvest
What is the primary white grape makeup in Touraine AOP?
sauv blanc with a max 20% sauv gris
What river influences the Quarts de Chaume AOP?
Layon River
What are the principal and accessory varieties for rose in Fiefs Vendeens AOP?
- pinot noir and gamay
- plus cab franc, cab sauv, negrette
What is the largest and most diverse region in the Loire Valley?
Anjou-Saumur
Unlike Quarts de Chaume, what winemaking technique is legal in Bonnezeaux AOP?
chaptalization
What is the climate of Pays Nantais?
cool maritime
The best vineyards in the Loire Valley often face what direction?
south
What is the soil type in Saumur-Champigny?
tuffeau limestone
What is the grape of Cour-Cheverney AOP?
Romorantin
What is the longest river in France?
Loire River
Name 5 synonyms for Cabernet Franc
- Breton (Loire Valley)
- Vidure (Graves)
- Bouchet (Saint Emilion)
- Carmenet (Medoc)
- Tsapournako (Greece)
- Bordo (Romania)
Orbois is a Loire synonym for what grape?
arbois
What are the main cities of the Loire valley from West to East?
- Nantes
- Angers
- Saumur
- Tours
- Orleans
- Nevers
What is the largest sub-zone of the Muscadet-Sèvre-et-Maine AOP?
Goulaine
What were the 3 first sub-region of Muscadet to be classified?
2011
- Clisson
- Gorges
- Le Pallet
What is the residual sugar range for Coteau d’Ancenis white?
20-40 g/L
- 100% Pinot Gris (AKA Malvoisie)
What Anjou village has it own AOP in Anjou? What other appellation shares the same delimitation border?
- Anjou Village Brissac (red only)
– Coteaux de l’Aubance (sweet wine based on chenin)
What is the only appellation in the Loire valley that may add “Grand Cru” to the label?
Quarts de Chaume
Who produces ‘Cuvée de Nonnes’ and ‘Cuvée de l’Abbesse?’
Doamine de la Roche Aux Moines
What is the local name for Chenin Blanc in Anjou?
Pineau de la Loire
Why is Quarts de Chaume conducive to botrytis?
the northern slope protects the south facing vineyards from northerly winds that would otherwise cause the morning mist/dew that comes of the Layon River to dissipate.
What is the Grand cru appellation for sweet wine in the Loire Valley? Describe it
Quarts de Chaume
- 100% Chenin Blanc
- RS: 85 g/L (35 g/L prior 2011)
- Must weight: 298 g/L
- No chaptalisation
- South bank of the Loire Valley
What are the cuvées of Domaine des Baumards in Coteaux du Layon?
- Carte d’Or
- Clos de Ste Catherine
- Cuvée le Paon
What is the specific name of the soil of Quarts de Chaume AOP?
Broverian Schist and Pudding sandstone
Who is the owner of Clos Rougeard?
Currently, owned by Bouygues Brothers (owners of chateaux Montrose) in June 2017 Previously, run by Foulcault Family for 8 generations (Since 1664)
What is the flagship wine of Clos Rougeard?
Le Bourg
- 100% cab franc
- 1 ha single plot
- 60 year old vines
- 16-24 months in new oak
Describe Clos Rougeard’s ‘Ley Poyeaux’
- 100% cab franc
- single plot
- 45 year old vines
- aged in 2nd use oak
What is the river of Chinon?
Vienne River
List 2 of the 8 communes of production of Vouvray
- Chançay
- Noizay
- Parcay-Mesley
- Reugny
- Rochecorbon
- Tours
- Verrou-Sur-Brenne
- Vouvray
What are the regulations of sparkling wine in Vouvray?
- must be made in traditional method
- not be released until 12 months after tirage
Who produces Le Mont, Clos du Bourg, and Haut Lieu?
Huet
What are the 2 villages of production of Jasnières AOP?
- L’Homme
- Ruillé-Sur-Loire
What are the 2 villages of production for Quincy?
- Quincy
- Brinay
What are the villages of Reuilly AOP?
- Cher
- Indre
Name three Lieux Dits in Chinon
- Le Chene Vert
- Le Clos de l’Olive
- Clos de l’Echo
- La Croix Boissie
What appellation in the Loire for dry wine has the lowest yields?
Coulee de Serrant
What is the shape and size of the Dagueneau barrels?
265 L cigar barrels
What is the most used IGP in the Loire?
Val de Loire
What are the 5 subzones of Touraine AOP?
- Amboise (chenin, cot)
- Mesland (chenin, gamay)
- Azay le Rideau (chenin, grolleau)
- Oisly (sauv blanc)
- Chenonceaux (sauv blanc, cot)
What is the only grape allowed in Jasnieres AOP?
chenin blanc
What is the name of Didier Daguenau’s 50 case bottling of sauv blanc from the La Folie vineyard?
Asteroide
List 2 producers in Montlouis sur Loire
- Francois Chidaine
- Domaine des Taille aux Loups
- Domaine des Liards
- Ludovic Chanson
List 2 producers who bottle a Breze
- Rougeard (white only)
- Guiberteau
- Arnaud Lambert
- Chateau de Breze