Pneumonia 1 - Intro Flashcards
1
Q
defined as signs of ? of the pulm parenchyma plus ? ? on CXR (separates from ?)
more common in ?, the ?, smokers, ? and those with ? disease.
can also develop 2* to bronchial ? eg lung ?
A
infection new shadowing bronchitis men elderly alcoholics chronic obstruction Ca
2
Q
Clinical features
- acute ? illness - fever, ? and ?
- cough - initially short ? and painful progressing to ? with ? sputum
- SOB
- ? chest pain, may be ref to ? or ant abdo wall
- elderly may report ? Sx whilst be very unwell - often presx with acute ?
A
systemic rigors, vomiting dry prod mucopurulent pleuritic shoulder few confusion
3
Q
O/E
- ?pnoea
- decr ? ? on affected side
- ? on percussion over affected area
- ? ? and pleural ? over affected area, with ? breathing
- ? vocal resonance
- in lower lobe pneumonia may get ? ? tenderness
A
tachy chest exp dull coarse crackles rub bronchial incr upper abdo
4
Q
Clinical context of development is highly suggestive of the likely ?
- CAP or HAP
- HAP - that develops at least ? hrs after admission to hospital, with no signs of ? on admission, or develops in someone hospitalised in last ? days (even if discharged since)
- also another context -> development in ? patients, or pts with underlying lung damage already
A
organisms 48 incubation 10 immcomp
5
Q
CAP causes
- conventional bacteria = 60-80% - mostly ? ? also ? ? which is more common in copd
- atypical bact - 10-20% - ?, chlamydia, or ? pneumonia
- viruses - 10-20% - influ/? - often in outbreaks
- also can get fungal, rare, but seen in ? pts
A
strep pneum, haemo influ
legionella, mycoplasma
parainfluenza
immcomp
