Bronchiectasis - S+S, Causes, Pathology

Question 1

Bronchiectasis - chronic ? of airways, leading to chronic ?/inflam

Answer 1

dilation

infection

Question 2

Sx

• ? cough, producing copious amounts of ? sputum
• intermittent ? - can be only Sx
• persistent ?
• SOB
• Recurrent ? episodes, and episodes of ?

Answer 2

recurrent
infected
haemoptysis
halitosis
febrile
pneumonia

Question 3

Signs

• ? (unlike COPD)
• coarse ? ? over infected areas, typically ?
• ?
• often low body ? due to high energy demands

Answer 3

clubbing
insp crackles
bibasal
wheeze
habitus

Question 4

most commonly no cause is found -> ? bronchiectasis

anything that causes rec/persistent ?, or interferes with ? of bronchial secretions can lead to it

Answer 4

idiopathic
infections
drainage

Question 5

Causes

• Post-infective - ??, measles, ? cough (?), pneumonia
• ??
• bronchial ? by ?/FB
• allergic broncho pulm ?
• ciliary ? syndromes - ? syndrome, ? syndrome
• immune def - specific ?, hypo?aemia
• conn tiss disease - 1/3rd of ? pts get it

Answer 5

TB
whooping - pertussis
CF
obstruction, tumour
aspergillosis
dyskinetic
youngs, kartagener's
IgA
gammaglobulin
RA

Question 6

Pathology

• any ? may be involved, but most commonly at the lung ?
• airways dilated, w ? secretions and chronic inflam in wall with inflam ? tissue - this tissue can ? leading to ?
• repeat exacerbations can give ? ?, leading to ? failure

Answer 6

bronchi
bases
purulent
granulation
bleed
haemoptysis
fibrous scarring
resp