Lung Ca - Epidemiology + Classification Flashcards
1
Q
how common cause of death in UK
peak incidence at ? y, with ?:1 male dominance
10% aren’t due to ? - this is strongest RF
-other RFs - ? smoking, ? living, ? exposure eg ?
A
most common from neoplasia 65 3:1 smoking passive urban occ asbestos
2
Q
generally split into ? ? disease (20%) and non-? ? disease (80%)
-?% tumours arise in relation to the ? bronchi or ? whereas ?% peripherally
A
small cell small cell 70 main hilum 30
3
Q
Non-small cell lung cancer
- ? (50%)
- adenocarcinoma (?%)
- large cell ? tumours (10%)
A
SCC
20%
anaplastic
4
Q
SCC
- in response to ? exposure
- usually ? and close to the ?, thus freq present with ?/infection secondary to ?
- may secrete ??? causing hyper?aemia - beware as this can also be sec to ? mets
- are ? tumours - can often be Dx with ? cytology
- relatively ? growing compared to others, and may be ?
A
cig central carina collapse obstruction PTH ca bone friable sputum slow resectable
5
Q
Adenocarcinoma
- ? related to smoking
- characteristically origin in ? locations, potensh in areas of previous lung ?
- ? carcinoma is a special type of adeno, accounting for less than 5% but ass w ? prognosis
A
less peripheral scarring bronchoalveolar better
6
Q
Large cell anaplastic ca
- features showing ??? or ? origins may be seen, but they are not ? enough to be classified
- have a ? prog, and are often ? disseminated at Dx
A
SCC adeno differentiated poor widely
7
Q
Small cell anaplastic ca
- aka ? ? ca - nuclei resemble ? grains
- usually ? and ? growing
- most ? of lun ca - often ? at Dx
A
oat cell oat central rapid malig mets
8
Q
Small cell anaplastic Ca
- originate from ? epithelium then diff into ? cells to secrete active products
- -> ??? - Sx of SIADH ie dilutional hypo?aemia due to ? retention but not ? -> ?weakness, ?-? respiration and ? signs
- -> ???? causing ? syndrome
A
bronchial NEndocrine ADH na water solute mm cheyne stokes neuro ACTH cushings
9
Q
Small cell anaplastic Ca
can also rarely cause ? ? like SX in ? ? syndrome
- manifests as ?/? girdles and ? reflexes
-can be with ? eyes, sexual ? and ?
-Sx get ? with usage unlike MG
A
myasthenia Gravis eaton lambert pelvic/scapular dry impotence neuropathy better
