PMLS LESSON 8 TRANSES PART 2 Flashcards
A process that eliminates all viable microorganisms including the most resistant forms. The definition is categorial and absolute.
Sterilization
devoids all viable microorganisms, or it has some level of contamination.
sterilization
is the Probability of a microorganism surviving on an item subjected to treatment is less than one in 1 million.
sterility assurance level
what is the probability of a microorganism surviving on an item subjected to treatment?
less one in 1 million
Generally, a less lethal process than sterilization.
disinfection
elimination of nearly all recognized pathogenic
microorganisms
disinfection
is a procedure that reduces the level of microbial
contamination
disinfection
high-level disinfection differs from chemical sterilization by its lack of _________ power or the lack of chemical disinfectants to kill bacterial
_________.
sporicidal, spores
In 1972, Dr. Earl Spaulding proposed a system for classifying liquid chemical germicides and inanimate surfaces.
Spaulding classification
when was spaulding classification proposed? and who proposed it?
1972, Dr. Earl Spaulding
from the Spaulding classification under the inanimate surface categories, these are Instruments or devices that are exposed to normally sterile areas of the body require sterilization.
critical
what are the inanimate surface categories in Spaulding classification?
Critical, semi-critical, non-critical
from the Spaulding classification under the inanimate surface categories, these are Instruments or devices that touch skin or come into contact with person only indirectly
non-critical
from the Spaulding classification under the inanimate surface categories, these are Instruments or devices that touch mucous membranes may either sterilized or disinfected.
semi-critical
inanimate surfaces that are considered critical are requires what process of cleaning? how about semi-critical? non-critical?
Critical- Sterilization
semi-critical - sterilization or disinfection
Non-critical - intermediate level disinfection, sanitized with low level disinfectant or soap and water
who proposed an additional category for the inanimate surface category? when was it? what was it?
microbiologist at CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), 1991, Environmental surfaces
they do not make a direct contact with a person’s skin
environmental surfaces
it is a classification of chemical germicides or disinfectants according to their activity level
Spaulding’s classification of chemical germicides
by activity level
Also known as SPOROCIDES
High-level disinfection
Also known as HOSPITAL-GRADE DISINFECTANTS or SANITIZERS
Low-level disinfection
Capable of sterilization when the contact time is relatively long (6-10 hours) depending on the chemical germicide being used. what disinfection?
High-level Disinfection
Used in the disinfection of laboratory
benches and as part of detergent germicides, used for housekeeping purposes
intermediate-level disinfection
Kills vegetative microorganisms
including:
→Mycobacterium tuberculosis, all
fungi, and inactivate viruses
intermediate-level disinfection
Kills most vegetative bacteria M.
tuberculosis, some fungi and may inactivate some viruses
M. tuberculosis
Some fungi, and
May inactivate some viruses.
Low-level disinfection
As a disinfectant, it is used for
relatively short periods of time
high-level disinfection
Formulated on used for medical devices but not on environmental surfaces such as lab benches or floors
high-level disinfection
used in this procedure in the US as hospital disinfectants or sanitizers.
low-level disinfection
What is high-level disinfection used for?
used for medical devices
what is low-level disinfection used for?
used in Hospitals as disinfectants or sanitizers
what is intermediate-level disinfection used for?
Used in the disinfection of laboratory
benches and as part of detergent germicides, used for housekeeping purposes
in the high-level disinfection, what is amount of time or relative time if it is being used as a disinfectant? what about sterilization?
disinfectant- relatively shorter time
Sterilization - longer time period 6-10 hours
mention the types of microorganisms that a high-level disinfection is capable to kill?
vegetative microorganisms and inactivate viruses and not necessarily high number of bacterial spores
mention the types of microorganisms that a hospital-grade disinfectants or sanitizers is capable to kill?
M. tuberculosis, Some fungi, andMay inactive some viruses. vegetative bacteria
mention the types of microorganisms that a tuberculocide is capable to kill?
vegetative bacteria, mycobacterium and inactivate viruses
EPA?
Evironmental Protection AGency
Approves chemical germicides used in this procedure in the US as hospital disinfectants or sanitizers.
EPA
