Plant Defenses Flashcards
What are auxiliary buds?
a structure that has the potential to form a lateral shoot or branch. The bud appears in the angle formed between a lead and a stem
What are the first lines of defense?
dermal
what is the cutin?
a waxy, water-repellent substance occurring in the cuticle of plants
what is suberin?
an inert impermeable waxy substance present in the cell walls of corky tissues
what are trichomes?
An epidermal cell that is a highly specialized, often hairlike outgrowth on a plant shoot
More trichomes ________ damage from herbivores
leasen
What are things that can break past the dermal defenses of plants?
- nematode (round worm)
2. fungus (enters through stomata)
plant toxins are ________ metabolites
secondary
What are secondary metabolites?
organic compounds not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of the organism
Why are secondary metabolites not harmful to plants?
- most toxins are contained in membrane bound structures
2. only harmful after they have been metabolized
is a cyanogenic glycosides a lethal or deterrent toxin? Why is it toxic? How does it affect people?
It is lethal, breaks down into cyanite when ingested and blocks cellular respiration
Is Proricin lethal or a detterant toxin? Where is it found? Why is it a toxin?
It is lethal, it is found in castor beans, and it breaks down into ricin A and B (ricin A blocks the translation of proteins)
Is nicotine a lethal or deterrent toxin?
deterrent
are tannins a lethal or deterrent toxin?
deterrent
what is allelopathy? what are the benefits?
allelopathy occurs when a chemical signal is secreted by the roots of one tree and block the germination of seedlings near by. Helpful because it reduces shading and competition for resources
