Placenta Previa, Abruptio Placenta, Placenta Accreta Flashcards
An implantation of the placenta in the lower
uterine segment.
PLACENTA PREVIA
Often conducted to check for the location and
position of placenta.
Transabdominal Ultrasound
1.) the placenta is completely covering the cervix, blocking the vagina.
2.) the placenta partially covers the cervix
3.) the placenta is positioned at the edge of
your cervix. It’s not touching your cervix, but not
covering it.
4.) placenta is implanted in the lower
uterine segment near the cervix but does not cover
the internal cervical OS.
1.) TOTAL/COMPLETE
2.) PARTIAL
3.) MARGINAL
4.) LOW LYING
BLOOD EXAMINATION
● Includes:
○ Complete Blood Count (CBC)
○ Hematocrit (Hct) Count
○ Hemoglobin (Hgb) Count
○ Platelet Count
● Premature separation of a normally implanted
placenta from the uterine wall before the fetus is
born
● Occurs in cases of bleeding & formation of
hematoma(clot) on maternal side of the placenta
Abruptio Placenta
1.) Hemorrhage & consequent hypovolemic shock
& clotting abnormalities
2.) Asphyxia, excessive blood loss & prematurity
1.) Major dangers for the woman
2.) Major dangers for the fetus
Placenta separates centrally, and the blood is
trapped b/w the placenta and the uterine wall.
Entrapment of the blood results in concealed
bleeding
CENTRAL ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
Placenta separates at its edges, the blood passes
b/w fetal membranes and the uterine wall → blood
escapes vaginally (also called marginal sinus
rupture)
MARGINAL ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
● Massive vaginal bleeding in the presence of total
separation.
COMPLETE ABRUPTIO PLACENTA
● Uterus turns entirely blue because the muscle fibers
are filled with blood
● Uterus contracts poorly after birth
● Necessitates hysterectomy
● Bleeding (dark red), which may be evident
vaginally or may be concealed behind the placenta
● Uterus becomes tense & feels rigid to touch
COUVELAIRE UTERUS
A serious pregnancy condition that occurs when
blood vessels & other parts of the placenta grow too
deeply into the uterine wall
Placenta Accreta
1.) Placenta adheres to
myometrium with no
intervening decidua
2.) Placenta is within
(surrounded by) the
myometrium
3.) Placental tissue is
extrauterine or on the
serosa
1.) ACCRETA
2.) INCRETA
3.) PERCRETA
TREATMENT
● Placenta is left in uterus & cord ligated
● Closure of the uterus is performed
● Methotrexate
● Prophylactic antibiotic
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
● Cesarean section
● Hysterectomy
NURSING MANAGEMENT
For clients taking Methotrexate:
○ Instruct the woman to increase fluid intake to at
least 2L each day
