HIV-Aids

Question 1

● The most serious of the STIs

● Contracted through:
○ sexual intercourse
○ exposure to infected blood (i.e., needle sharing)
○ vertical transmission (from mother to child – in
utero; during delivery – blood mixing;
breastmilk)

● Caused by a retrovirus that infects & disables T
Lymphocytes

Answer 1

HIV (HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS)

Question 2

1.) recognizes the infection

2.) helps B cells which produces antibodies

3.) kills pathogens through phagocytosis

Answer 2

1.) Memory T cells
2.) Helper T cells
3.) Killer T Cells

Question 2

(weight loss of at least 10% in
the presence of diarrhea or chronic weakness &
documented fever for at least 30 days that is not
attributable to a concurrent condition other than HIV
infection itself).

Answer 2

Wasting Syndrome

Question 3

(an opportunistic infection
of the esophagus by Candida albicans, occurs in
patients in immunocompromised states, including
post-chemotherapy & in AIDS).

Answer 3

Esophageal Candidiasis

Question 4

HIV infection may develop in infants whose mothers
are

Answer 4

Seropositive

Question 5

1.) disease causing; presence of something in the blood
2.) made by the body to protect against the specific antigen.

Answer 5

1.) Antigen
2.) Antibody

Question 6

STAGES OF HIV INFECTION

1. the period during which the body produces antibodies in response to the presence of an antigen.

2.) except for weight loss & fatigue, length of this period varies but averages 3-11 years

3.) develops opportunistic infections and possibly malignancies, high viral load, CD4 count less than 200 cells/mm3

Answer 6

1.) Seroconversions
2.) Asymptomatic Stage
3.) Symptomatic stage / aids

Question 7

LABORATORY AND DIAGNOSTICS

Answer 7

● ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) antibody test
● Western blot test analysis - definitive test
● Chest X-RAY
● Mantoux test/tuberculin skin test (PTB test)
● Pap smear

Question 8

1.) Viral load < 200 =

2.) CD4 count < 200 =

Answer 8

1.) undetectable and untransmittable

2.) considered as AIDS already

Question 9

to reduce vertical transmission of the virus to infants.

Answer 9

Zidovudine (ZDV)

Question 10

NURSING INTERVENTION

Answer 10

1.) Adequate, high-quality nutrition (high in protein, well cooked foods).

2.) Avoiding large crowds, travel to areas with poor sanitation, & exposure to infected individuals

3.) Breastfeeding is not advised.

4.) Meticulous skin care is essential

Question 11

(combination of raised and flat
skin lesions which are cancerous), a rare
malignancy that tends to occur with AIDS, is
normally treated with chemotherapy.

Answer 11

Kaposi’s sarcoma