Pituitary/Adrenal Glands Flashcards
PNMT converts ______ to _______;
found only in ________
norepinephrine to epinephrine; found only in the adrenal medulla
Pheochromocytoma rule of ten’s (x5)
10% are: malignant, bilateral, in children, part of MEN, extra-adrenal (organ of Zuckerkandi at Ao bifurcation= most common)
Pheochromocytoma:
Preop meds: ________ then _______ if ________
alpha block first, then beta block if tachycardic
Pheochromocytoma tests:
screen with ______, _________;
___ can localize
urine metanephrines, VMA;
MIGB can localize
Nelson syndrome: _____%
____, ___, ___
post adrenalectomy (10%); incr ACTH, pigmentation, vision changes from incr pituitary response
Waterhouse Friedrickson
adrenal hemorrhage a/w meningococcal sepsis
Conn’s Syndrome= ________
Causes: 80% _____, 20% _____;
labs, vitals? _________
hyperaldosteronism= 80% adenoma, 20% bilateral hyperplasia (see with postural stimulation test). HTN, low K, high Na
Addison’s disease= __________;
labs: ___________;
crisis similar to _________;
________ are diagnostic and therapeutic
low aldosterone and glucocorticoids;
low Na, high K, hypoglycemia;
crisis presents similar to sepsis with hypoTN, fever;
STERIODS are diagnostic and therapeutic
Most common congenital adrenal hyperplasia
21-hydroxylase deficiency
Cushing’ sundrome= excess _________, most commonly ______
excess steroids; most commonly iatrogenic
Pituitary (Cushing’s Disease): ___% of non-iatrogenic;
lab: __________
High dose steroid test effect? _____
70% of non-iatrogenic; high ACTH, suppresses with high dose steroid test
Adrenal Cushing’s Syndrome: ___% of non-iatrogenic;
lab: ______
high dose steroid test effect? ____
15% of non-iatrogenic; low ACTH, independent steroid production, dose not suppress with test
Ectopic cushing’s syndrome:
_____ produced elsewhere,
usually seen in ______
high dose steroid test effect? ____
ACTH produced elsewhere, usually small cell CA, does not suppress with test
Posterior pituitary: aka (neuro- or adeno hypophysis)?
Produces: _________________
=neurohypophysis;
produces ADH, Oxytocin
Anterior pituitary: aka (neuro-or adeno-hypophysis)?
Produces: _____________
=adenohypophysis;
produces GH, ACTH, TSh, LH, FSH, prolactin
