Medicines

Question 1

Ketamine: increase or decrease…

Cardiac work? o2 use? Secretions? BP? Respiratory Depression? Hallucinations?

Answer 1

Increases cardiac, work o2 use, secretions, BP.
No respiratory depression.
Yes hallucinations.

Question 2

Methoxyfluorane has _ toxicity

Answer 2

renal toxicity

Question 3

Halothane has _ toxicity

Answer 3

hepatotoxic

Question 4

_ is a depolarizing agent, generalized contractions, hyperkalemia in burn patients, fast on/off; risk of aspiration, glaucoma

Answer 4

Succinylcholine

Question 5

_ (drug) prolongs neuromuscular blockade

Answer 5

Clindamycin

Question 6

_ (drug) should be avoided in patients on MAOIs

Answer 6

Demerol

Question 7

Octreotide:

long/short acting _ analog/agonist

Answer 7

long-acting somatostatin analog

Question 8

Reglan: aka _
mech?
incr/decr LES tone?
incr/decr gastric motility?

Answer 8

metoclopramide; DA blocker; increases LES tone and gastric motility

Question 9

Ompeprazole:
mech: _
aossicated w/ _ in rats
Evidence of carcinogenesis in humans?

Answer 9

mech: blocking Na/H ATPase
a/w enterochromaffin hyperplasia in rats
NO evidence of carcinogenesis in humans

Question 10

Digoxin:
Mech: _ (action-enzyme) to increase _ (effect)
Slows/speeds up AV conduction?
Increases O2 consumption? (yes/no)
Associated with _ (side effects)

Answer 10

glycoside; inhibits Na-K ATPase to incr Ca in heart
SLOWS AV conduction
Inotrope but DOES NOT incr o2 consumption
A/w ischemic gut, decr splanchnic flow, avoid hypokalemia

Question 11

Amrinone:
Mech?
Incr/Decr CO?
Incr/Decr SVR?

Answer 11

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor; inotrope
Incr CO
Decr SVR

Question 12

_ and _ (drugs): ‘medical adrenalectomy’

Answer 12

metyrapone and aminoglutethimide

Question 13

_ (drug): ‘medical orchiectomy’

Answer 13

Leuprolide

Question 14

Vasopressin:
incr/decr splanchnic blood flow?
Useful in _ (disease).
Give with _ to avoid angina

Answer 14

reduces splanchnic blood flow; portal flow ~40%;
Useful in GIB;
Give with B-Blocker to avoid angina

Question 15

Sodium Nitroprusside:
Mech: _ arteries and veins
Has _ toxicity

Answer 15

Relaxes arteries and veins;

has cyanide toxicity

Question 16

Nitroglycerin primarily: _ (relaxes/constricts) _ (arteries/veins)

Answer 16

primarily relaxes veins

Question 17

ASA
Mech: (Irreversible/reversible) binds _ (enzyme)
Effective for _ (time)

Answer 17

Irreversibly bind cyclooxygenase

effective for life of platelets (~7 days)

Question 18

Indomethacin:
Mech: blocks _
Used to _

Answer 18

Blocks PG production, used to close PDA (effective in 70%); decr renal blood flow

Question 19

Misoprostil:
Replaces _ (element) for patients taking _ in order to _

Answer 19

Replaces PGE2 (cytoprotective) for patient on NSAIDS in order to REDUCE PUD