[PHYSIO] MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

function of male reproductive system

Answer 1

spermatogenesis
sperm delivery to female

Question 2

primary reproductive organs

Answer 2

testes

Question 3

secondary reproductive organs (9)

Answer 3

1-bulbourethral glands
2-prostate
3-seminal vesicles
4-epididymis
5-vas deferens
6-ejaculatory duct
7-urethra
8-penis
9-scrotum

Question 4

1st step of spermatogenesis supported by

Answer 4

GH

Question 5

steps 1-4 of spermatogenesis supported by

Answer 5

testosterone

Question 6

4th step of spermatogenesis supported by

Answer 6

Estrogen
FSH

Question 7

80% of testes is formed of

Answer 7

seminiferous tubules

Question 8

spermatogenesis occurs in

Answer 8

seminiferous tubules

Question 9

testosterone is secreted by

Answer 9

Leydig cells of testes

Question 10

walls of seminiferous tubules are lined by

Answer 10

primitive germ cells

Question 11

spermatogenesis supporting cells

Answer 11

Sertoli cells

Question 12

spermatogenesis takes about

Answer 12

74 days

Question 13

stages of spermatogenesis

Answer 13

Mitosis
Meiosis (I & II)
Spermiogenesis

Question 14

spermiogenesis* definition

Answer 14

production of spermatozoa from spermatids by removal of cytosol & organelles not needed for fertilization

Question 15

germinal epithelium development + maintenance stimulated by

Answer 15

testosterone

Question 16

testosterone functions (3)

Answer 16

1-germinal epithelium development + maintenance
2- mitotic + meiotic divisions
3- acts on sertoli cells for spermatid maturation

Question 17

LH function

Answer 17

(+) Leydig cells–> Testosterone secretion

Question 18

FSH function

Answer 18

(+) Sertoli cells–>spermatid maturation + ABP production

Question 19

GH function

Answer 19

early division of spermatogonia

Question 20

absence of GH leads to (pituitary dwarfs)

Answer 20

Spermatogenesis deficient/absent–>infertility

Question 21

prolactin function

Answer 21

(-) testosterone synthesis

Question 22

spermiogenesis* helped by

Answer 22

testosterone
estrogen
FSH

Question 23

hormones affecting spermatogenesis (6)

Answer 23

1-Testosterone
2-LH
3-FSH
4-Estrogen
5-GH
6-Prolactin

Question 24

Estrogen function

Answer 24

spermiogenesis

Question 25

estrogen in males is formed by

Answer 25

aromatization of testosterone in Sertoli cells

Question 26

optimum temp for sperm

Answer 26

32-35 C

Question 27

testes descend in

Answer 27

7th month of pregnancy

Question 28

testes descent is under effect of

Answer 28

fetal testosterone

Question 29

testes are kept cool by

Answer 29

1- outside abdominal cavity
2-circulating air in scrotum
3- No subcutaneous fat
4-countercurrent heat exchange b/w spermatic arteries & veins

Question 30

blood-testis barries is formed by

Answer 30

SERTOLI CELLS

Question 31

blood-testis barrier functions

Answer 31

1-prevents large molecules passage into seminiferous tubules
2-maintains fluid composition in tubular lumen
3-osmotic gradien= ↑fluid in tubular lumen
4-protects germ cells from blood-borne antigens
5-prevents antigenic byproducts of germ cell division from entering blood

Question 32

composition of tubular fluid

Answer 32

↑ androgen, estrogen, K+, glutamic & aspartic acids
very little protein & glucose

Question 33

Sertoli cells function

Answer 33

1-blood-testis barries formation
2-sperm nutrition
3- phagocytosis
4-fluid secretion to push sperm into epididymis
5-ABP secretion
6-Inhibin secretion
7- MIF secretion
8- Estrogen formation

Question 34

ABP action

Answer 34

↑ testosterone conc in seminiferous tubules

Question 35

Inhibin action

Answer 35

(-) FSH (by anterior pituitary)

Question 36

MIF action

Answer 36

(-) Female internal genitalia formation by causing Mullerian duct regression

Question 37

Phagocytic function of sertoli cells

Answer 37

1-phagocytose cytoplasm extruded from spermatids
2-destroy defective germ cells

Question 38

A.Sperm energy source?

B. Sertoli cells provide nutrition for sperm through?

Answer 38

A. Lactate
B. ↑ glycogen concentrations
↳glucose conv to——> Lactate

Question 39

Epididymis function

Answer 39

1-sperm storage
2-sperm concentration
3-sperm maturation & motility
4- CatSper channels formation

Question 40

CatSper channels located in

Answer 40

sperm tail membrane

Question 41

CatSper mechanism of action

Answer 41

alkaline sensitive
activated when sperm travels from acidic vagina to alkaline cervix–> ↑ Ca2+ entry which causes:
1. Capacitation
2. Hyperactive motility
3. Acrosomal reaction

Question 42

vas deferens function

Answer 42

sperm storage for upto 2 months