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UROGENITAL > [PHYSIO] MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

[PHYSIO] MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

function of male reproductive system

A

spermatogenesis
sperm delivery to female

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2
Q

primary reproductive organs

A

testes

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3
Q

secondary reproductive organs (9)

A

1-bulbourethral glands
2-prostate
3-seminal vesicles
4-epididymis
5-vas deferens
6-ejaculatory duct
7-urethra
8-penis
9-scrotum

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4
Q

1st step of spermatogenesis supported by

A

GH

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5
Q

steps 1-4 of spermatogenesis supported by

A

testosterone

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6
Q

4th step of spermatogenesis supported by

A

Estrogen
FSH

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7
Q

80% of testes is formed of

A

seminiferous tubules

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8
Q

spermatogenesis occurs in

A

seminiferous tubules

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9
Q

testosterone is secreted by

A

Leydig cells of testes

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10
Q

walls of seminiferous tubules are lined by

A

primitive germ cells

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11
Q

spermatogenesis supporting cells

A

Sertoli cells

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12
Q

spermatogenesis takes about

A

74 days

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13
Q

stages of spermatogenesis

A

Mitosis
Meiosis (I & II)
Spermiogenesis

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14
Q

spermiogenesis* definition

A

production of spermatozoa from spermatids by removal of cytosol & organelles not needed for fertilization

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15
Q

germinal epithelium development + maintenance stimulated by

A

testosterone

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16
Q

testosterone functions (3)

A

1-germinal epithelium development + maintenance
2- mitotic + meiotic divisions
3- acts on sertoli cells for spermatid maturation

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17
Q

LH function

A

(+) Leydig cells–> Testosterone secretion

18
Q

FSH function

A

(+) Sertoli cells–>spermatid maturation + ABP production

19
Q

GH function

A

early division of spermatogonia

20
Q

absence of GH leads to (pituitary dwarfs)

A

Spermatogenesis deficient/absent–>infertility

21
Q

prolactin function

A

(-) testosterone synthesis

22
Q

spermiogenesis* helped by

A

testosterone
estrogen
FSH

23
Q

hormones affecting spermatogenesis (6)

A

1-Testosterone
2-LH
3-FSH
4-Estrogen
5-GH
6-Prolactin

24
Q

Estrogen function

A

spermiogenesis

25
Q

estrogen in males is formed by

A

aromatization of testosterone in Sertoli cells

26
Q

optimum temp for sperm

A

32-35 C

27
Q

testes descend in

A

7th month of pregnancy

28
Q

testes descent is under effect of

A

fetal testosterone

29
Q

testes are kept cool by

A

1- outside abdominal cavity
2-circulating air in scrotum
3- No subcutaneous fat
4-countercurrent heat exchange b/w spermatic arteries & veins

30
Q

blood-testis barries is formed by

A

SERTOLI CELLS

31
Q

blood-testis barrier functions

A

1-prevents large molecules passage into seminiferous tubules
2-maintains fluid composition in tubular lumen
3-osmotic gradien= ↑fluid in tubular lumen
4-protects germ cells from blood-borne antigens
5-prevents antigenic byproducts of germ cell division from entering blood

32
Q

composition of tubular fluid

A

↑ androgen, estrogen, K+, glutamic & aspartic acids
very little protein & glucose

33
Q

Sertoli cells function

A

1-blood-testis barries formation
2-sperm nutrition
3- phagocytosis
4-fluid secretion to push sperm into epididymis
5-ABP secretion
6-Inhibin secretion
7- MIF secretion
8- Estrogen formation

34
Q

ABP action

A

↑ testosterone conc in seminiferous tubules

35
Q

Inhibin action

A

(-) FSH (by anterior pituitary)

36
Q

MIF action

A

(-) Female internal genitalia formation by causing Mullerian duct regression

37
Q

Phagocytic function of sertoli cells

A

1-phagocytose cytoplasm extruded from spermatids
2-destroy defective germ cells

38
Q

A.Sperm energy source?

B. Sertoli cells provide nutrition for sperm through?

A

A. Lactate
B. ↑ glycogen concentrations
↳glucose conv to——> Lactate

39
Q

Epididymis function

A

1-sperm storage
2-sperm concentration
3-sperm maturation & motility
4- CatSper channels formation

40
Q

CatSper channels located in

A

sperm tail membrane

41
Q

CatSper mechanism of action

A

alkaline sensitive
activated when sperm travels from acidic vagina to alkaline cervix–> ↑ Ca2+ entry which causes:
1. Capacitation
2. Hyperactive motility
3. Acrosomal reaction

42
Q

vas deferens function

A

sperm storage for upto 2 months

UROGENITAL (22 decks)

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