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UROGENITAL > [PHARMA] PROSTATIC DISEASES > Flashcards

[PHARMA] PROSTATIC DISEASES Flashcards

1
Q

drugs reducing dynamic factors (4)

A

1-Tamsulosin
2-Tadalafil
3-Tolterodine
4-Mirabegron

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2
Q

drugs reducing static factors (6)

A

finasteride
2-gonadorelin
3-leuprolide
4-abiraterone
5-degarelix
6-enzulatamide

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3
Q

tamsulosin mechanism of action

A

(-) α1 receptor of smooth msc–>smooth msc relaxation–>↓bladder obstruction

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4
Q

advantage of tamsulosin (4)

A

1-improve voiding symptoms
2-improve storage symptoms
3-doesn’t change prostate size (in transitional zone)
4-doesn’t affect libido

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5
Q

side effects of tamsulosin (2)

A

1-orthostatic HypoTN w dizzines
2-retrograde ejaculation

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6
Q

dosage of tadalafil

A

5mg

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7
Q

alpha 1 blocker

A

tamsulosin

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8
Q

PDE5 inhibitor

A

tadalafil

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9
Q

tadalafil & sildenafil mechanism of action

A

improve LUTs by:
(-) PDE5 in c. cavernosa
(-) cGMP metabolism
↑CGMP through NO pathway
maintain VD

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10
Q

used in sexually active LUTS-BPH patients with or without ED

A

tadalafil

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11
Q

uses of tadalafil (3)

A

1-ED
2-pulmonary HTN
3-sexually active LUTS-BPH patients +/_ ED

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12
Q

drug used in pulmonary HTN

A

tadalafil

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13
Q

side effects of tadalafil (5)

A

1-VD & Hypotension
2-flushing, headache, nasal congestion
3-affect contractility
4-visual disturbances
5-back pain

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14
Q

visual disturbances caused by tadalafil due to

A

(-) PDE6 in retina= loss of discrimination b/w green & blue

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15
Q

contractility dysfunction caused by tadalafil due to

A

(-) PDE1 in ventricular muscle

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16
Q

contraindications of tadalafil (2)

A

1-with nitrates & alpha blockers
2-cardiac patients

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17
Q

sildenafil & tadalafil route of administration

A

orally

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18
Q

1st choice in young patients with erectile dysfunction

A

sildenafil & tadalafil

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19
Q

hypotension with sildenafil & tadalafil can be avoided by

A

starting w/ small dose & titration

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20
Q

M3 blocker

A

tolterodine

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21
Q

tolterodine mechanism of action

A

(-) M3 in bladder smooth msc–> ↓bladder contraction

22
Q

advantage of tolterodine (3)

A

improve LUTS
improve nocturia
help treat overactive bladder

23
Q

overactive bladder TTT

A

tolterodine

24
Q

tolterodine side effects

A

1-atropine like effects; dry mouth, tremors, tachycardia,coma etc (MC)
2-acute urinary retention (Most serious)

25
Q

causes detrusor flaccidity

A

tolterodine

26
Q

treat nocturia

A

tolterodine

27
Q

most serious side effect of tolterodine

A

acute urinary retention

28
Q

selective B3 agonist

A

Mirabegron

29
Q

mirabegrone side effects (5)

A

1-headache
2-HTN
3-constipation
4-nasopharyngitis
5-UTI

30
Q

interval b/w nitrates intake & tadalafil should be

A

At least 48h

31
Q

_____affect efficacy of tadalafil

A

diuretics

32
Q

finasteride mechanism of action

A

(-)5-α reductase
↓conversion of testosterone to DHT
↓DHT
=shrink enlarged prostate + prevent progression

33
Q

finasteride side effects (4)

A

1-impotence
2-decreased libido
3-decreased ejaculate volume
4-gynecomastia

34
Q

GnRH analogs

A

Gonadorelin
Leuprolide

35
Q

GnRH analogs mechanism of action

A

(-) gonadotropins release

36
Q

GnRH analogs uses (3)

A

1-cancer prostate
2-endometriosis
3-IVF

37
Q

GnRH side effects in males & females

A

1-headaches
2-depression
3-osteoporosis
4- ↓libido

38
Q

GnRH side effects in females

A

1-hot flushes
2-vaginal dryness
3-ovarian cyst

39
Q

phototherapy effects on BPH

A

1- (-) 5-α reductase
2-anti-inflammatory
3-free radical scavenger
4-protect prostate & detrusor function
5-antiandrogenic
(-) sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) & aromatase

40
Q

inhibits SHGB

A

phototherapy

41
Q

(-) aromatase

A

Finasteride
phototherapy

42
Q

TTT of hormone sensitive prostate cancer

A

androgen deprivation

43
Q

LRH analogue disadvantage

A

initial stimulation of androgen release

44
Q

Abiraterone route of administration

A

oral

45
Q

Abiraterone mechanism of action

A

(-) androgen synthesis by testis & adrenals

46
Q

Abiraterone side effects (3)

A

1-hypertriglyceridemic
2-hyperglycemic
3-↑ liver function enzymes

47
Q

Degarelix mechanism of action

A

irreversible inhibitor of GnRH receptor
(-) gonadotropins

48
Q

advantage of Degarelix over LHRH analogues

A

no initial stimulation of androgen release

49
Q

enzalutamide route of administration

A

oral

50
Q

enzalutamide mechanism of action

A

(-) androgen binding to its receptor
affects nuclear translocation of androgen receptors

UROGENITAL (22 decks)

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