Physical Activity And Older Adults Flashcards
Employment for people 50-69 in 2017
57%
Employment rate for people aged 50-69 in 2017
Employment for people 50-69 in 2035
65%
Employment rate for people aged 50-69 in 2035
Unpaid caring and volunteering
£119 billion/ year
Total value of unpaid caring and volunteering activities per year
Consumers 65+yrs spend per year
£100bn
Annual spending by consumers aged 65 and over
What percentage of state pension-age adults are classified as disabled?
44%
Fox et al., Age and Ageing, 2014
What percentage of disability is related to mobility?
67%
What is the annual decline in lower limb functional ability within 4 years of follow-up?
2.5%
What can lead to accelerated biological aging and chronic disease?
Deconditioning and the need for strength and balance activity
Covid-19 pandemic: Public Health England, 2021
What is the term used to describe the decline from independence to dependence and frailty?
Downward spiral
What are the barriers?
Environmental:
• Weather (i.e. rain, wind, cold conditions)
Darkness (fears of personal safety)
Crime (fears of personal safety, lack of police presence)
Poor bus service
Hills
Lack of local amenities (i.e. post office, food store, newsagents)
Poor accessibility of exercise facilities.
Interpersonal:
Lack of someone to be active with
Limited by partners mobility
Families encouragement to do less/ rest in older age
Intrapersonal:
Health problems (i.e. musculoskeletal problems, fatigue, cardiovascular disorders)
Loss of strength (e.g. whilst carrying shopping)
Fear of falling
Beliefs of being incapable of going out alone
No incentive to be active (lack of purpose, no previous positive experience)
Stathi et al, 2012
What are the enablers?
Environmental
- Access to amenities
- Access to green space
- Access to a car or good public transport
- Living close to a bus stop
Interpersonal
- Advice from a physician or verbal encouragement
- Being part of a group where active lifestyle is the norm
- Social enjoyment
Intrapersonal
- Having a positive perception of
- Fear of losing independence
- Reluctance to change habits
Stathi et al, 2012
Why physical activity might not bring the desired outcomes?
Decrease
Physical Activity
Increase
Physical Activity
Low Motivation
- Low Confidence
- Low sense of Control
- Cant see the point
/negative attitude to PA
Negative Emotional, Social, Physical Effects
- Dislike
- Pain, discomfort
- Embarrassment
- Disapproval of others
- Conflict w other priorities
Negative emotional, social, and physical effects along with low motivation and negative attitude can hinder the desired outcomes of physical activity.
Rationale for ACE
Covid pandemic has led to inactivity and deconditioning in older adults
Inactive adults aged 55+
2019 pre-pandemic 27%
2020 Increased to 32%
2023 reduced again to 27% (Active Lives Survey)
Active Lives Survey data shows the impact of the Covid pandemic on inactivity levels in older adults
Barriers ACE
Older adults with mobility limitations
Lack of companion and motivation are strong barriers (Stathi et al., 2012)
Stathi et al. identified lack of companion and motivation as key barriers to physical activity in older adults
ACE Participants
1419
Number of daily trips for ANY REASON- could contribute significantly to physical activity levels (Fox et al., 2011)
At least 9 trips/per week outside home to increase physical activity (Davis et al., 2012)
Fox et al. and Davis et al. emphasize the importance of daily trips for physical activity in older adults
What is the first lesson for designing successful active ageing programmes?
Use an autonomy supportive teaching style
Example: Allowing participants to make their own choices and decisions
What is the second lesson for designing successful active ageing programmes?
Foster fun and enjoyment
Example: Incorporating enjoyable activities and experiences
What is the third lesson for designing successful active ageing programmes?
Support social group bonding - but don’t force this on those with busy schedules and active social lives
Example: Encouraging social connections without imposing on individuals with other commitments
What is the fourth lesson for designing successful active ageing programmes?
Prompt discussion of participant improvements and achievements
Example: Encouraging dialogue about progress and successes
What is the fifth lesson for designing successful active ageing programmes?
Manage transport, timetabling, room size and equipment well
Example: Ensuring logistical aspects are well-organized and suitable
What is the sixth lesson for designing successful active ageing programmes?
Set small-incremental goals to promote a sense of accomplishment
Example: Breaking tasks into manageable steps for a feeling of achievement
What is the seventh lesson for designing successful active ageing programmes?
Offer extra support where necessary
Example: Providing additional assistance or resources as needed
What do peer volunteering initiatives promote?
Getting out and about in the local community
What do group-based exercise and social classes target?
Functional ability and independence for people in transition
What is the REACT intervention?
12-month group exercise programme including strength, balance, mobility and games
The REACT intervention is a 12-month group exercise programme that includes activities focused on strength, balance, mobility, and games.
How many sessions are included in the REACT intervention?
64 sessions
The REACT intervention consists of 64 sessions.
What is included in the initial meeting for the REACT intervention?
One to one initial meeting (tailoring)
The REACT intervention starts with a one-on-one initial meeting for tailoring.
What is planned at the end of each session in the REACT intervention?
Planned social time at the end of each session (fun)
At the end of each session in the REACT intervention, there is planned social time for enjoyment.
How often does the comprehensive health behaviour maintenance programme take place?
Once a month
The comprehensive health behaviour maintenance programme in the REACT intervention occurs once a month.
What are the key components of the health behaviour maintenance programme?
Be active, Build strength, Minimize sedentary time
The key components of the health behaviour maintenance programme in the REACT intervention are to be active, build strength, and minimize sedentary time.
How does REACT differ?
Prevent or programity disability
Embedded comprehensive
behavioural maintenance manualised
programme
Who does REACT successfully target?
Pre-frail and frail older people
What is the proven effectiveness timeframe for REACT?
12-months post Intervention
What is the basis for proven value for money for REACT?
Actual data, not on modeling
Where has REACT been successfully delivered?
Diverse populations (ethnic and economic)
What kind of model is REACT for community delivery?
A sustainable model
What is the preliminary evidence of REACT’s potential?
Potential for national roll out
