Phx Fire Vol 2 (Deck 8) Flashcards
202.12E - 202.14B
Considerations for laying supply lines in relation to access problems.
Access problems they create, and when possible, should be laid along the hydrant-side of the roadway and crossed over at the fire if necessary.
How does slower speed when laying supply lines provide advantages?
Reduce the risk of accidents, provide time for evaluation of critical fire ground factors, and allow the Engineer to appropriately spot the apparatus.
Define pumped water supply and its critical operation.
Including Humat Valve Operation, is critical when large volumes of water are required in any tactical position, providing adequate water volume for attack operations involving engine company mounted master streams, ladder pipes, or multiple high volume attack lines.
Advantages of providing key pumpers on hydrants in fire ground safety?
Uninterrupted water supply, provides volume for long supply lines, and allows pumping water through the forward pumper in the event of mechanical failure.
Circumstances under which the need for pumped water occurs in fire attack operations.
Occurs once initial fire attack operations have been established, and it is critical when large volumes of water are required in any tactical position, such as for engine mounted master stream operations or multiple high volume attack lines.
Standard ‘big water’ evolutions for fire stream management.
Involve a forward and key pumper, 2 supply lines between them, and pumped water by the key pumper supplying the 2 supply lines.
What qualifies as 1000+ gpm appliances for fire stream management?
Aerial platforms or aerial ladders.
Objective of attack hose line choice in fire stream management.
Provide enough water volume and reach to overcome the heat energy and heat release rate of the fire or to effectively cool and protect exposures.
How should basic attack hose line placement be approached in the offensive strategy?
Adequate water volume should be used to put water on the fire and/or onto burning compartment surfaces as quickly as possible.
Placement of the first water stream in fire stream management when operating in the offensive strategy.
Extinguish and/or cool the most endangered interior compartments from the most advantageous position (interior or exterior) to best impact tenability of victims and/or FFs conducting rescue efforts.
Characteristics of a solid or straight stream in firefighting.
Greater penetration, reach, striking power, and cooling of interior and exposed spaces, with less steam conversion.
Fog pattern and its effectiveness in confined spaces.
Narrow, medium, and wide patterns, with smaller water droplets, greater air entrainment, and greater steam production. It is most effective in confined spaces such as attics.
What are the hose and nozzle packages carried on Engine Companies?
1 ¾” hose line with automatic nozzles (x2 minimum), 2” hoseline with smooth bore nozzles (x1), and 2 ½” hose line with smooth bore nozzles (1 or 2 depending on apparatus configuration), including a Blitz Monitor with solid bore or peripheral tips.
How should an offensive fire attack be centered and what considerations must be made if the initial attack does not control the fire completely?
Knocking the fire down and cooling the interior spaces. Considerations must be made to determine if the fire requires more water or if the fire attack needs to come from alternate positions (interior or exterior).
Most effective way to extinguish a fire in a burning compartment or room using water.
Initially cool the interior temperatures with water on the interior surfaces, followed by directing water onto the burning fuels directly with a straight or solid bore stream to limit steam production and create cooling of the interior environment.
Do fires that begin on the exterior of a building or occupancy require a different fire attack approach compared to fires starting on the interior?
Yes, attack to begin on the exterior fire and then move to the interior, as initiating an interior attack without controlling the exterior fire will continue to feed the interior fire from the exterior.
Define the importance of early identification of the flow path direction.
Allows determination of the best method of fire attack, working within the intake portion of the flow path rather than against it, and considering changes to the ventilation profile to create favorable conditions for a fire attack.
How should FFs initiate the fire attack when wind conditions are present?
With the wind at the back of the FFs to prevent wind-driven conditions from affecting the fire attack.
Impact of fire behavior research on the most effective use of water for fire suppression.
Water on the interior surfaces of a burning compartment, followed by water on the burning fuels directly, using a straight or solid bore stream to limit steam production and create cooling of the interior environment.
Potential limitations of operating nozzles through small openings into confined spaces.
Access is limited, making it difficult to get water on interior surfaces and structural components for effective surface cooling.
Most effective approach for extinguishing basement fires.
Applying water from the same level as the fire, especially through man-door access, allows for the most effective water application on the interior surfaces.
How should fire companies approach applying water to a burning space in buildings or conditions that require breaching walls/floors?
Realize the potential limitations and breach walls/floors to apply water to the burning space.
Potential adverse effects of using exterior master streams with interior operations in the same structure or occupancy.
Structural stability immediately and over time due to the powerful striking force and significant water weight.
Company/Sector Officers’ responsibility regarding fire streams?
Effectiveness of their fire streams, maintain awareness of where fire streams are going, their effectiveness, and report operational characteristics back to the Sector Officer or Command.
How can master streams be used to protect exposures from interior positions at structure fires?
Flown in the fire occupancy while working with handlines from interior positions to protect exposures in other occupancies after a thorough size up and determination of structural stability.
Role of Command and Sector Officers in coordinating exterior master streams with interior operations or personnel operating nearby.
To ensure risk management and structural stability.
What should occur before committing crews to interior positions after using master streams to knock down a large body of fire?
An evaluation of the structure’s stability BEFORE committing crews to interior positions.
Pump operators role in changing the strategy from Offensive to Defensive during fire operations?
Close the discharges to smaller hand lines to prevent well-meaning FFs from trying to use hand lines where they are ineffective and allow them to creep into the hazard zone.
Objective for handling pets and other animals in emergency response situations.
Provide field personnel with guidance in handling pets and animals that may require medical attention, are trapped or injured, or present a danger to the public.
202.12F
Handling Pets And Other Animals
How should field personnel approach handling injured animals?
Caution should be used, and the safety of personnel and the public should never be compromised. If there is doubt, contact the appropriate agencies for assistance.
Priority of rescuing pets or animals during an incident.
Rescuing pets or animals should take the same priority as any loss control activity, with an evaluation of risk versus the likelihood of a positive outcome.
Examples of treating animal injuries as outlined in the procedures?
Controlling bleeding, cooling burns with water, administering oxygen for breathing difficulties, and stabilizing broken limbs using splints.
How do field personnel handle pet or animal rescues?
Pet or animal rescues should be handled similar to ‘property’ when evaluating the risk/gain profile of the incident.
Recommended attitude towards pet owners and their concerns during emergency response situations.
Field personnel should treat their concerns with empathy and demonstrate a caring attitude towards their concern, recognizing that to many people, an animal or pet is considered a family member.
Procedure for handling stray, uninjured animals.
Referred to the Maricopa County Animal Control, as listed in the CAD system under ‘MDTINFO ANIMALS’.
How should an injured animal be handled?
Humane Society and the AZ Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, both available 24 hours a day and listed in CAD under ‘MDTINFO ANIMALS’.
Recommended procedure for moving an injured animal out of a roadway.
Wrap the animal in a blanket, immobilize it, and muzzle it with material such as kling or a PackStrap before moving it.
What should be done in the event of encountering a non-emergency animal rescue situation?
Contact the Humane Society and the AZ Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. If they are unable to provide timely assistance, they will direct you to an agency that can help.
Response protocol for dangerous animals.
When there is a danger to human safety, Animal Control will respond, and it is also recommended to request PD to respond.
Immediate actions to be taken if an animal’s life is in danger.
If an animal is injured to the extent that its life is in danger, the ranking fire department officer may transport the animal to a veterinarian for emergency care. The cost for treatment will be passed on to the owner or covered by ASPCA if the owner cannot be identified.
What should be done if an injured animal is considered dangerous?
Call should be referred to Maricopa County Animal Control.
How are injured animals handled by the FD in terms of cost and transportation to clinics?
No cost will be incurred by the FD or a member for bringing in an injured animal encountered as part of a fire or EMS response. Injured animals should be transported only to clinics listed in the CAD system, which are equipped with full emergency care facilities.
Role of other agencies in responding to injured animals.
Other agencies can respond to injured animals. The first call should be to the Humane Society or ASPCA, and if they are unable to handle the problem, they will refer to the appropriate agency.
Does Vol 2 prioritize rescuer safety when handling injured animals?
Yes, it is important to remember that an injured animal may present a danger to rescuers. At no time should a member’s safety be compromised in handling an injured animal.
Responsibility of the Officer in Charge in determining the need for a Fire Investigator.
Determining when a Fire Investigator is needed based on the information gathered at the scene and/or circumstances of the fire.
202.13
Fire Cause Investigation
Do Fire Investigators respond to all fire incidents?
No, Fire Investigators are dispatched or called to respond to specific circumstances such as fire deaths or serious fire injuries, working first alarm or greater structure fires, fires with undetermined cause, explosions, bombings, known arson fires, and other specific situations.
Circumstances under which a Fire Investigator is not needed, and who is responsible in such cases.
Minor fires with accidental causes, scalding burns, electrical accidents, car fires with no identified suspects, minor grass, fence, or trash fires with no witnesses or suspects, and other specific situations. In these cases, the company officer is responsible for completing an accurate Field Incident Report.
How are minor fires caused by juveniles playing with fire, matches, etc., handled?
Referred to the Youth Firesetter Program, and referrals are made by completing the Youth Firesetter Referral Formor calling the Youth Firesetter Coordinator.
Describe the timing of a fire investigation in relation to fire control and salvage activities.
Conducted after fire control and salvage activities are completed, but before overhaul actions, which could hinder the investigation.
What types of fire incidents require the dispatch of a Fire Investigator?
Fire deaths or serious fire injuries, working first alarm or greater structure fires, fires with undetermined cause, explosions, bombings, known arson fires, and other specific situations require the dispatch of a Fire Investigator.
Procedure for handling a minor fire incident with no injuries and slight damage.
If an incident is determined to be of a minor nature, the Company Officer on scene gathers information to accurately complete the required report and provides theIncident Number to the victim for accessing information.
Protocol for companies when a Fire Investigator is on the scene or responding?
Companies delay non-essential overhaul and secure the fire scene until the Fire Investigator arrives, and salvage and unnecessary interim activities are discontinued until authorized by the Fire Investigator.
How does Command handle the release of companies after achieving fire control in the investigation process?
Command may release companies not required for the completion of the investigation and/or overhaul, and in some cases, companies may return to complete overhaul activities when requested by the Fire Investigations Sector.
Define the jurisdiction process of the fire area between Command and the Fire Investigator.
Command turns over jurisdiction of the fire area to the Fire Investigator as soon as possible after the fire is stabilized, and the Investigator retains jurisdiction of the scene until it is released back to Command.
Expectation regarding cooperation with the Fire Investigator and the Fire Investigations Sector?
Cooperate with the Fire Investigator and the Fire Investigations Sector, and Command will make every attempt to meet the Investigator’s requests for personnel or equipment necessary for the investigation.
Importance of preserving evidence at a fire scene.
Crucial for subsequent court cases and prosecution, as it can be used by Fire Investigators and PD. Evidence of fire cause is rarely destroyed by fire and can still be identified upon trained examination.
What is the responsibility of the FD in preserving evidence during fire fighting operations?
Protecting the fire scene from unnecessary damage during fire fighting operations and should exercise special care to avoid the destruction of evidence through the misuse of fire streams.
How is the fire scene secured to maintain the chain of custody for evidence?
Maintaining sole custody, posting a guard when necessary, and preventing unauthorized persons, including the property owner and the media, from entering the scene.
What actions should be taken by companies assigned to Loss Control Sector regarding evidence preservation at a fire scene?
Should incorporate scene security and evidence preservation into their plan to stop the loss, and salvage operations should be minimal until the initial fire investigation is completed.
Define chain of custody in the context of fire investigation.
Establishing a documented record of who found the evidence, where it was found, and ensuring that the evidence was not tampered with while in official custody. It is vital for evidence to be admissible in court.
Describe the responsibilities of police officers at a fire scene according to PPD Operations Order 4.7.
Officers assist in determining fire location, size, type, and any special information, rescue victims with caution, control traffic, contact senior FD supervisor, divert traffic, prevent vehicles from crossing fire hoses, and perform other police-related duties as requested.
What actions can officers take if persons disobey or interfere with FFs at a fire scene?
They may arrest the individuals, if necessary, especially in aggravated cases (Refer to PCC 23-21.1 or ARS 13-2904.5).
Responsibilities of the Police Department in an arson investigation according to PPD Operations Order 4.7.
When arson is suspected, officers secure the scene and request a FD investigator for the initial investigation.
How are off-duty firefighters permitted to proceed to a fire scene in their personal vehicles, if necessary?
Immediately after properly identifying themselves.
Describe PD’s stance on providing personnel for extended periods of time solely for the purpose of securing property at a fire scene.
Will not provide personnel for extended periods of time solely for the purpose of securing property at a fire scene. The FD will be responsible for contacting a private security agency to perform that service.
Describe the responsibilities of fire investigators in arson-related matters.
Fire investigators are certified peace officers with police powers only in arson-related matters, and they are on duty 24 hours a day.
Procedure for contacting fire investigators at the scene of a fire?
Contacted through Fire Alarm Dispatch, and they have portable radios with access to all precinct channels.
Responsibilities of the Fire Investigations Section in investigating vehicle arsons.
The Fire Investigations Section will investigate vehicle arsons only when a suspect is in custody or immediate investigation is possible, and they will conduct follow-up investigations.
How are arson and reckless burning reports handled by PD according to PPD Operations Order 4.7?
Disposition will be taken by a fire investigator, and fire investigators are authorized to write arson and reckless burning DRs only.
What information should officers provide to fire investigators upon their arrival at the scene of a fire?
Advise fire investigators on observations of smoke color, flame intensity, security of the property, any personal knowledge of past activity at the premises, and relay all suspect information to the Fire Investigations Section.
Responsibilities of fire investigators in collecting arson evidence at the scene.
Collection, preservation, and impounding of all arson evidence found at the scene.
Process for obtaining an open burning permit according to the City Fire Code?
From the Fire Prevention Division of the Fire Department.
How should officers handle complaints of open burning?
Contact the Fire Prevention Office to determine if a permit has been issued.
Role of the administrative lieutenant in the Patrol Support Bureau.
PDs liaison with the FD.
Purpose of the SOPs for training fires.
Standard guidelines for conducting structural training fires while complying with NFPA Standard 1403, providing realistic fire ground training under actual fire conditions for recruit and uniformed firefighters while ensuring high levels of safety and minimizing risk.
