Phx Fire Vol 2 (Deck 10) Flashcards
202.17 - 202.20
202.17
Aircraft Emergencies
2 types of aircraft crashes.
- High Impact
- Low Impact
Tactical benchmarks listed for any type of aircraft accident?
- First arriving unit assuming command and determining if the flight crew has initiated emergency evacuation procedures. 2. Assisting evacuation of passengers and/or providing them a path of egress.
- Deploying an attack line to the aircraft’s interior.
- Providing interior ventilation as soon as possible.
How should personnel prevent an unnecessary evacuation in an aircraft emergency?
By immediately contacting the flight crew and reporting exterior conditions to them.
Define the term ‘PPV.’
A ventilation method beneficial for providing interior ventilation inside the aircraft, but may not be initially expedient.
Responsibilities outlined for on-airport and off-airport Fire personnel in the procedure?
Alarm terminology, airport alert response, airport staging areas, Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting (ARFF) standby locations, general aircraft fire fighting information, and communication requirements.
What should be used to protect the aircraft fuselage from direct flame impingement during an emergency evacuation?
Master stream appliances (Stang Guns) utilizing fog patterns to provide quick water in large volumes to protect passengers during evacuation.
Steps to be taken to gain access to the aircraft during an emergency.
Ladders at the aircraft at the wing or other accessible points. Some aircraft may require aerial ladders to reach access points.
Importance of obtaining primary and secondary all clears during an aircraft emergency?
Never assume absence of survivors.
Role of the PD in an aircraft emergency situation.
Secures the scene and provides a holding area to assist in the control of the ambulatory passengers.
What sectors should be established as soon as possible during an aircraft emergency?
Fire and medical sectors as soon as possible. Designate sectors for both sides of the aircraft to protect the escape routes and manage the evacuated passengers. Assign sectors to address scene lighting, extrication, treatment, transportation and site safety.
How can the risk of ignition/re-ignition of fuel be prevented during an aircraft emergency?
Maintain effective foam blanket.
Recommended method for gaining access into the fuselage during an aircraft emergency.
To gain access into the fuselage, use the wing area or a platform ladder truck to work from. The optimum place to cut is around windows and roof area.
What precautions should be taken when using saws for extrication or ventilation during an aircraft emergency?
If saws are used for extrication or ventilation, arcing and sparking will need to be suppressed with water/foam from hand lines. Maintain integrity of foam blanket on flammable liquids. Be aware that aircraft have numerous high pressure hydraulic lines that operate at 3000 psi; these can cause serious injury if cut or broken under pressure.
Potential risks associated with large aircraft oxygen cylinders during.
Can explode, become missiles, and accelerate the spread of fire.
Actions should be taken to protect personnel and exposures during an aircraft emergency involving large aircraft?
Adopt a defensive mode of operation as needed.
How can the NTSB be notified during an aircraft emergency?
Request the Alarm Room to notify by contacting the Air Traffic Control Tower.
What entities should be notified by the Alarm Room during an aircraft emergency?
Area hospitals, Salvation Army, Red Cross, County Emergency Disaster Coordinator, C.I.D. Team, and Sky Harbor Communication Center.
What resources should be considered for off-airport responses during an aircraft emergency?
Consider requesting ARFF foam trucks, Medical Support 19, or Foam 34 or 54, and coordinate through BC19 or District 19 Chief for off-airport response.
Radius for off-airport ARFF response from Sky Harbor during an aircraft emergency?
5 mile radius.
Who should report to the Command Post during an aircraft emergency involving large aircraft?
An airline representative, the District 19 Chief, liaison Aviation Department, and any other agency that can assist with the incident should report to the Command Post.
Purpose of the procedure for high piled outside combustible storage fires.
Guidelines for companies operating on fire incidents involving high piled outside combustible storage.
202.18
High Piled Outside Combustible Storage Fires
Tactical objectives in incidents involving high piled outside combustible storage fires?
- Firefighter Safety
- Exposure Protection
- Environmental Protection (including public health)
- Fire Control
How should the high piled incident be sized?
By forecasting how quickly the incident will escalate, identifying material burning and path of fire spread, looking at aerial photos, and considering initial single company sector for reconnaissance.
Risk Management System’s role in the procedure for high piled outside combustible storage fires.
To determine and announce an appropriate strategy, likely defensive.
Critical factor in building and communicating the IAP according to the procedure?
Water supply is critical (pumped water/reversing off forward pumper, relay operations, drafting operations).
Standard decision-making model for high piled outside combustible storage incidents.
Identification of critical fireground factors, selection of the appropriate risk management plan, identification of strategy, development of an IAP, and identification and completion of the incident’s tactical objectives.
Critical factors to consider when responding to high piled outside combustible storage incidents?
Incident location, type and amount of material burning, fire growth potential, exposures, water supply, fire apparatus access, hazards, environmental impact, and resources required for incident mitigation.
How should initial dispatch information for high piled outside combustible storage incidents be approached?
Assume that the information will change. It is necessary to approach these incidents slowly and cautiously, as they can evolve rapidly.
Importance of utilizing the same strategic decision-making model.
To ensure consistent and effective incident command system and FF safety management.
Unique challenges for service delivery and FF safety in high piled fires?
Can be as dangerous to firefighters as structural fire incidents.
Importance of familiarizing the crew with high piled outside combustible storage facilities.
Crucial for successful fire suppression operations, as it allows for easy access to information during response and aids in pre-incident planning.
Define the Risk Management System in the context of fire suppression operations.
Making hazard zone decisions based on calculated risk, prioritizing the rescue of savable lives and property, and ensuring the continuous reassessment of risk throughout the incident.
How does the Risk Management System improve the ICs ability to provide a safe environment?
More predictable, safe environment by ensuring proper PPE, an accountability system, safety procedures, and continuous risk assessment by all members.
Offensive and defensive strategy differences in the context of high piled fires?
offensive strategies aimed at rescuing victims are unlikely, while defensive operations to save property are more appropriate due to the rapid and extensive nature of these fires.
Importance of forecasting and strategy in the context of high piled fires.
Fire’s growth is crucial, as it often leads to the adoption of a defensive strategy, and ICs must ensure all personnel are aware of the chosen strategy regardless of the approach.
Two types of IAPs for high piled outside combustible storage fires.
Offensive and defensive.
Offensive: quick aggressive rescue and fire attack.
Defensive: FF safety, identifying the main body of fire, and addressing exposures and environmental protection.
Tactical objectives for high piled fires?
FF safety, exposure protection, environmental protection (including public health), and fire control.
Offensive IAP for high piled fires.
Quick aggressive rescue, quick aggressive fire attack to stop the fire spread early, providing for FF safety, and a continuous water supply throughout.
How should ICs address environmental protection and public health in high piled fires?
Careful consideration to the material burning and the consequences of letting it burn vs. fire suppression with big water. Hazmat units and environmental specialists can assist with evaluation.
Unique hazards for high piled fires?
Rapid fire spread, toxic exposure, fatigue, heavy equipment, fire apparatus, and master streams.
Potential environmental threat posed by tire fires.
Volumes of pyrolytic oil, turning the tire pile into a running oil fire, and release volatile organic chemicals, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and heavy metals, which can be absorbed through the skin, mucus membranes, or respiratory system.
202.18A
Tire Fires
Areas of consideration during pre-planning for tire fire suppression operations.
Site location, type of operation (salvage or recycling, managed or unmanaged), tire piles composition, size, available equipment, hazards, exposures, utilities, response conditions, geographical information, topography, and emergency contacts.
How does the success of a fire suppression operation for tire fires begin at the company level?
The Company Officer should familiarize the crew with all scrap tire piles in their area of response, gather information about the piles, and enter it into the CAD system.
Tire fires exposure hazards?
Smoke plume, water runoff, and soil, which can contain volatile organic chemicals, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and heavy metals that can be absorbed through the skin, mucus membranes, or respiratory system.
Average amount of oil held by a passenger car tire and its significance in the context of tire fires.
2.5 gal of oil, which can be produced as pyrolytic oil when the tires reach a state of combustion, potentially turning the tire pile into a running oil fire.
Key components to consider during pre-planning for tire fire suppression operations?
Site location, type of operation, tire piles composition, size, available equipment, hazards, exposures, utilities, response conditions, geographical information, topography, and emergency contacts are key components to consider during pre-planning for tire fire suppression operations.
Recommended approach for handling major tire fires.
As hazardous materials incidents, with the incident taker obtaining all available information to determine the nature of the fire and dispatching a hazardous 3-1 if a tire pile is on fire.
3 stages of combustion that a Company Officer must determine upon arrival at a tire fire?
Incipient, free burning, and smoldering.
How should the threat to remaining tires be eliminated during the incipient stage of a tire fire?
Immediately separating the burning tire from the rest of the pile and/or applying water and foam.
Define the free burning stage of a tire fire and the potential risks associated with using water.
Quick fire spread, increased smoke and heat, and the potential for increased production of carbon monoxide and particulate matter if water is used, as well as the production of large quantities of oil.
Potential consequences of oil not consumed by the fire during the smoldering stage of a tire fire?
Leach into the soil, pool, and begin to flow under the pile, potentially igniting and resulting in a three-dimensional fire, while the products of incomplete combustion continue to pose a health hazard.
Initial size-up considerations for a Company Officer at a tire fire.
If the fire can be extinguished quickly without endangering personnel, with the most immediate concern being the life safety of FFs and the community, and approach the incident in accordance with tactics common to other potential haz mat incidents.
Using water during the free burning stage of a tire fire?
Caution against, as it could increase the production of harmful byproducts and the cooled tires may continue to pyrolize, producing large quantities of oil.
Minimum level of protection required for everyone working a tire fire?
Full turnout gear, including boots, turnout pants, turnout coat, gloves, helmet, Nomex hood, and SCBA with Mask.
How should personnel protect themselves from exposure to toxic chemicals after the tire fire is out?
They should resist the temptation to dress down for overhaul until the haz mat team has determined the appropriate level of protective clothing required.
Purpose of establishing a Lobby Sector in a tire fire.
Ensure personnel accountability, especially when multiple points of entry to the incident exist, and to establish geographic sectors and zones.
What should the IC establish for all personnel leaving the tire fire?
Decon Sector.
Potential hazards involved in managing a scrap tire fire.
Rodents, mosquitoes, snakes, spiders, and scorpions, as well as dangers from machinery and heavy equipment operating on the fire scene.
What sectors/branches may be established as the tire fire progresses?
Environmental, safety, PIO, and any other sectors/branches listed under ‘Command Concerns.’
How should Command address public health concerns when managing a tire fire?
Determine early whether to evacuate the surrounding areas and establish an Evacuation Sector, managing the process according to the Evacuation Sector procedure.
Environmental impact considerations when managing a tire fire.
Size-up the potential environmental consequences of the fire, begin notifying the appropriate agencies, and address areas of concern such as public health and environmental impact.
