Phx Fire Vol 2 (Deck 2) Flashcards
201.01A
Describe the purpose of the In-Transit procedure.
Establish a standard deployment approach to communicating company arrival to assigned work areas and to define On-Deck deployment and Company Recycling.
Define On-Deck.
Tactical function within a Sector for layering of resources in forward positions, supervised by the Sector Officer or Company Officer, and remaining On-Deck until assigned by the IC or Sector Officer.
How does the In-Transit time vary?
Due to the distance between staging and the incident, the size of the incident perimeter, and the amount of equipment the company needs to assemble.
Do On-Deck crews have specific likely assignments?
Yes, Including rapid intervention crew, reinforcing a position within an assigned sector, crew relief within an assigned sector, and any other tactical position assigned by the IC.
Describe the responsibility of the Company Officer during the In-Transit phase.
Must monitor the tactical radio channel while In Transit and provide a radio announcement to the IC or report face-to-face with the Sector Officer upon arrival to the assignment area, confirming the company is intact and in the assigned area.
Describe how assigning On-Deck crews is done according to the standard operating procedures.
Contacting a staged company and directing them to go On-Deck in a specific Sector, providing accountability location and sector assignment.
What are the responsibilities of an On-Deck crew upon arrival at their assigned location?
Must contact the IC or their Sector Officer, remain intact and in a ready state, monitor the tactical channel, and size up the area they are assigned to.
Define company recycling.
A timely and efficient means of air replacement and re-hydration of companies while maintaining their sector assignment, without necessitating communication with the IC.
How is the transfer of information conducted when an On-Deck crew is used as a relief crew?
The Company Officer should do a face-to-face transfer of information with the exiting Company Officer, including interior conditions, routing instructions, obstructions, tools/resources required, and sector objectives.
Describe the responsibilities of Sector and Company Officers in monitoring the welfare of their personnel during a fire incident.
Determining if sector recycling or formal rehab is appropriate, and for forecasting the length of time their personnel will be working in an assigned sector.
Define the purpose of a Utility Company on the fireground and how it helps expedite the recycle of companies within a sector.
Assigned to geographic areas on the fireground to help expedite the recycle of companies within the sector, and it assists in bringing spare air cylinders if necessary.
How does the establishment of a Rehab Sector at large scale incidents impact the fireground operations?
May create the potential for command losing direct accountability of companies in transit to rehab and difficulty reassembling and reassigning crews in a timely manner from rehab.
What specific directions may the IC provide to On-Deck Companies when assigning them?
May direct the On-Deck Company to spot on a hydrant, lay a second supply line, or focus their efforts specifically on operating as a Rapid Intervention Crew for the assigned Sector.
Do On-Deck companies act as one-entity for the purposes of emergency service delivery, and how does this impact their actions during a fire incident?
Yes, They may receive specific directions from the IC, such as focusing their efforts on operating as a Rapid Intervention Crew for the assigned Sector.
201.01A
In-Transit, On-Deck, Company Recycle
What situation does Vol 2 empower the Sector Officer to do?
To manage the resolution of a Mayday situation within their sector.
Describe the definition of a Mayday situation.
Any situation where a firefighter is unable to safely exit the hazard zone or an event that cannot be resolved by that individual within 30 seconds.
How is a Mayday initiated?
A Mayday is initiated by any member communicating ‘Mayday, Mayday, Mayday’ via portable radio.
Define Mayday readiness.
Ability to don, doff and manipulate the SCBA in zero visibility while wearing firefighting gloves, as well as maintaining a high level of readiness at all times.
What is the Rule of Mayday Readiness?
It is every individual FF’s responsibility to maintain a high level of Mayday readiness at all times, including everyday preparation and prevention as well as the practiced ability to communicate and respond to a Mayday scenario.
Describe the factors for Mayday prevention.
Working within an Incident Command System/Risk Management System, working within the IAP, and always being prepared for potential Mayday situations.
Describe the two components of Mayday readiness.
Prevention and Response.
What are the individual firefighter responsibilities for Mayday prevention?
Maintaining SCBA proficiency, practicing individual air management, using and caring for personal protective equipment, portable radio proficiency and use, practiced crew communications, and roving/replacement firefighter integration into crew.
What are the Company Officer responsibilities for Mayday prevention?
Integrating a daily SCBA check into the crew routine, practicing crew communication in the hazard zone, rover integration into crew, maintaining knowledge of portable radios and practicing their use, ensuring Company Officer responsibilities and expectations are clear to the entire crew, practicing and maintaining crew integrity/accountability, and instilling the standard that firefighters should always stay on a hoseline.
How can effective Mayday readiness be established?
By recognizing that Mayday readiness has two components: Prevention and Response, and by actively and routinely preparing for the prevention of Mayday situations and the response to Mayday situations.
What does B.O.A. stand for in the context of Mayday response?
Breath, Organize, and Act; the steps to be taken once a Mayday situation is recognized and reported.
Define the tactical level of Mayday readiness and response.
Actively and routinely working toward Mayday prevention and preparedness, managed by the Battalion Chief and F.I.T. or I.S.O. tandem.
How should the Mayday situation be initially managed at the company level?
By the affected FF: maintaining prep & reaction skills, early communication, controlling emotional response, remember BOA, IAFF Fire Ground Survival Training.
What are the responsibilities of the tactical level in Mayday readiness and response?
The responsibilities of the tactical level include working within the overall incident action plan, continual assessment of the decision-making model, and management of tactical objectives for the sector.
Describe the responsibilities of the Sector Officer in managing a Mayday situation.
The Sector Officer takes responsibility for resolving the Mayday situation, managing communications with the down firefighter, overseeing search and rescue efforts, and increasing and maintaining resources assigned to the sector.
What are the key components of maintaining effective and appropriate communications with Command during a Mayday situation?
Sector C.A.N. reports, requesting or de-committing resources, and managing the logistical support.
How can the survivability of a Mayday situation be increased through sector operations?
Pessimistically projecting resource requirements, responding to the Mayday from the inside out, managing communications with the down firefighter, and improving ventilation are ways to increase survivability.
Define the term ‘work/rest cycles’ in the context of sector level air management during a Mayday situation.
Managing the time firefighters spend working and resting, ensuring they have adequate rest periods to prevent fatigue and maintain effectiveness.
What are the responsibilities of the IC in supporting the Mayday Sector Officer during a Mayday situation?
Must provide appropriate and adequate resources to manage the Mayday, reinforce surrounding geographical and/or functional sectors, and pessimistically project resource requirements for sector operations.
Do you know what ‘TAG hose lines’ means in the context of maintaining accountability during a Mayday situation?
Maintain adequate resources assigned to the sector, ensuring layered resources are in position to manage tactical objectives and respond in the event of a Mayday.
Describe the responsibilities of the Incident Command Team in responding to a Mayday situation.
Responsible for actively and continually providing for the prevention and response to a Mayday situation.
What are the strategic level responsibilities for the prevention and response to a Mayday situation?
Continually reassessing the incident, considering critical fireground factors, evaluating the IAP, planning for communications challenges, and considering remaining on-scene firefighters’ welfare.
How should surrounding sectors not involved in the Mayday respond?
Continue the firefight in support of the Mayday, actively account for all members assigned to the sector, report P.A.R.’s to the Incident Commander as required, and maintain accountability of crews working to resolve the Mayday.
What communication route may be the best for maintaining accountability regarding crews working to resolve the Mayday?
Utilizing the Safety Channel .
Define the Risk Management System and its importance during a Mayday event.
A clear and concise utilization of strategies to assess and mitigate risks. It is crucial during a Mayday event to prevent creating further Mayday situations when resolving an existing one and to communicate deteriorating conditions to the IC.
Describe the strategic level communications once a Mayday is initiated.
All sectors should manage their communications to critical messages only over the radio, manage communications pace and tone, and ensure that incident and Mayday always remain on the same tactical channel.
What are the critical points that have to be confirmed prior to giving the benchmark of ‘Mayday resolved?’
The individuals experiencing the Mayday situation are removed from the hazard zone.
Define tactical benchmarks in the context of Mayday readiness and response.
Refer to the end point of a Mayday, which is Mayday resolved
How should the overall incident organization be maintained during a Mayday situation at the strategic level?
Ensuring Battalion Chiefs are assigned to all critical tactical level positions, managing resource deployment, controlling access to the hazard zone through the Sector Officers, and supporting tactical level considerations such as improving access to the building and addressing the fire when conditions allow.
Describe the responsibilities of the Officer of the individual sector in which the Mayday occurred.
The Officer is responsible for notifying command of the completion of the rescue and ensuring all members involved are out of the hazard zone.
What are the responsibilities of the tactical radio operator in a Mayday response?
Initiating the emergency traffic tone, voicing the Mayday message on the tactical channel, maintaining communication with the Mayday initiator, and providing redundant monitoring of the Mayday radio traffic.
Define Mayday in the context of hazard zones.
Mayday is not just a fireground term; it can be used in any hazard zone and is initiated by a member in the field communicating ‘Mayday, Mayday, Mayday’ on the radio.
How does the dispatch center assist with a Mayday incident?
Provides redundant monitoring of the Mayday radio traffic and automatic activation of processes, including providing additional resources and upgrading the incident using the Mayday nature code.
Do all responding units need to be aware of the Mayday?
Yes, the tactical radio operator ensures all responding units are aware of the Mayday and upgrades the assignment to a Mayday nature code.
Key points of the Mayday Readiness and Response standard operating procedures.
Emphasizes the responsibility of all FFs to maintain preparedness for a Mayday situation, the importance of preventing Mayday situations, the need for action at all levels of an incident command system, and remembering BOA.
What is the ultimate goal for any Mayday response?
To successfully resolve the Mayday situation while not creating any further Mayday situations.
Define Mayday prevention and preparedness.
Requires action at all levels of an incident command system.
What emotional impact does a Mayday situation have according to the standard operating procedures?
A Mayday situation elevates emotional levels and tests the command system, requiring members to maintain composure and follow the B.O.A. approach.
Describe the purpose of the Regional Operating Procedure regarding risk assessment and safety management of emergency incidents.
Provide the safest possible work environment for members operating at emergency incidents and to ensure effective accountability and coordination of action.
What are the three levels of risk that the members are expected to operate under according to the Risk Management Plan?
- Risking lives a lot to save savable lives.
- Risking lives a little to save savable property.
- Not risking lives at all for lives or property that are already lost.
How are actions expected to be taken in a calculated manner during emergency operations?
Require continual use of the Strategic Decision Making Model, establishment of Incident Command, proper PPE, an accountability system, safety procedures, continuous risk assessment, and uninterrupted communications.
Define the position in the risk management plan and its significance.
Represents the ‘why’ behind taking risks at the incident, and it must be clear to all companies working at all levels of the incident command system that the incident strategy and plans are focused on either savable lives or savable property.
3 Questions necessary to determine the level of risk for potential rescue situations at an incident.
- Is it reasonable to believe that there are savable lives present at this incident?
- Are there any survivable environments or compartments at this incident?
- Do we have the resources and ability to affect a rescue and survive to complete it?
Define the defensive strategy in the context of risk management for fire incidents.
If the incident size-up has determined that neither savable lives nor savable property are present because of the conditions, no or very limited risk shall be taken within a defensive strategy.
Ideally, what would be the most advantageous risk mitigation scenario?
Quick overwhelming attack on the fire, mitigating significant risk, and allowing opportunity for rescue & FF survivability.
Describe the types of incidents for which the risk management plan is effective and necessary.
All types of hazards and incidents, including large scale medical incidents, hazardous materials incidents, technical rescue incidents, and violent incidents.
Describe the purpose of the fire behavior glossary and reference procedures.
To ensure fundamental knowledge and understanding of fire behavior and dynamics for professional fire suppression and life safety protection services.
201.01D
Fire Behavior Glossary & Reference
201.01C
Risk Management & Safety
201.01B
Mayday Readiness & Response
Define fire and combustion in the context of fire behavior.
Fire is a rapid oxidation process resulting in the evolution of light and heat, while combustion is a chemical process of oxidation that produces heat and usually light.
How are fire and combustion related, and what distinguishes them?
Though similar conditions, combustion can occur without fire.
What is meant by modes of combustion in the context of fire behavior?
Two conditions of combustion: non-flaming and flaming, where combustion can occur with or without the presence of fire.
Explain the significance of understanding fire behavior and dynamics.
Crucial for the safety and longevity of FFs, as well as for carrying out the mission of saving lives and property in the community.
Describe non-flaming combustion.
Occurs more slowly and at a lower temperature, producing a smoldering glow in the material’s surface without flames.
Define flaming combustion.
Commonly referred to as fire because it produces a visible flame above the material’s surface.
How is the fire triangle used to explain combustion?
Illustrates the 3 elements necessary for combustion to occur: fuel, oxygen, and heat. Removing any one of these elements will cease combustion.
Do all states of matter serve as fuel for fire?
Fuel may be found in any of 3 states of matter: solid, liquid, or gas. Only gases burn, while solids and liquids must be converted into a gas to burn.
Describe pyrolysis.
The chemical decomposition of a solid material caused by the absorption of heat, releasing gas from the solid material. It often precedes combustion.
Describe the concept of Surface to Mass Ratio in relation to the ease of ignition of solid fuels.
It significantly affects the ease of ignition of solid fuels.
What is vaporization and how does it occur?
Process of converting liquids into gas, which occurs when heat causes the liquid to turn into its gaseous state.
Define Heat Energy and its characteristics.
A form of energy characterized by the vibration of molecules and is capable of initiating and supporting chemical changes and changes of state.
How is temperature measured and what does it indicate?
In degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius and indicates the degree of molecular activity of a material compared to a reference point.
Explain the concept of Heat Release Rate (HRR) and its measurement.
The rate at which fire releases energy and is measured in units of Watts (W), which is an International System unit equal to one Joule per second.
Describe the relationship between Surface to Volume Ratio and the ease of ignition of liquid fuels.
Greater surface area compared to volume leading to faster vaporization of the liquid.
What is the difference between the heat release rate of one candle and ten candles with the same flame temperature?
The heat release rate, where one candle produces ~80 W HRR and ten candles produce ~800 W HRR despite having the same flame temperature.
Explain the focus of UL-FSRI in the concept of Heat Release Rate vs Temperature.
Understanding the basics of the relationship between Heat Release Rate and Temperature in fire behavior.
Describe the behavior of gaseous fuels in a fire.
Can be the most dangerous as they are already in the natural state required for ignition, requiring no pyrolysis or vaporization to ready the fuel. They are also the most difficult to contain.
Define the role of oxygen in fire combustion.
Primary oxidizing agent in most fires, with materials able to ignite and burn at oxygen concentrations as low as 15 percent. Combustion can continue in the non-flaming mode below 15%, producing heat and dense, fuel-rich smoke.
