Photosynthesis

Question 1

Heterotroph

Answer 1

consumers (ex. humans)

Question 1

Autograph

Answer 1

self feeder = producers (ex. plants)

Question 2

Mesophyll

Answer 2

leaf tissue where chloroplasts are found

Question 3

Stomata

Answer 3

openings where CO2 enters

Question 4

Chloroplasts

Answer 4

double membvrane organelle where photosynthetic material resides

Question 5

Stroma

Answer 5

fluid on the interior of chloroplasts; suspends the granum

Question 6

Granum

Answer 6

stacks of thylakoids

Question 7

Thylakoids

Answer 7

individual sac within granum; contains chlorophyll; contains chlorophyll

Question 8

What color you see on leaves is…

Answer 8

what is NOT absorbed

Question 9

Chlorophyll

Answer 9

pigment that looks green to us, because it is reflecting the green wavelengths back at our eyes, and absorbing others

Question 10

Carotenoid

Answer 10

Accessory pigments. orangeish-yellow pigment. helping by absorbing excess light energy (same pigment that makes carrot orange)

Question 11

What does the photon do?

Answer 11

light energy boosts electron to ‘excited’ state

Question 12

Light harvesting complex

Answer 12

pigment absorbing light (transfers electrons around after absorbing light energy)

Question 13

Reaction center complex

Answer 13

center area where electron is transferred

Question 14

Photosystem II

Answer 14

COMES FIRST (labeled as z)
- splits water (where the electrons come from)
- absorbs light best at 680nm

Question 15

Photosystem I

Answer 15

accepts electron falling down from photosystem II and excited by another photon
- absorbs light best at 700 nm
- electron reduces NADPH

Question 16

How does the electron transport chain come into play?

Answer 16

connects photosystem II and I

Question 17

Light reactions use… to generate…

Answer 17

use: water and light
generate: ATP, reduced electron carriers, O2 is waste (from split water)

Question 18

step 1

Answer 18

sunlight excites chlorophyll

water split
O2 = waste

H e- used for photosynthesis
H+ protons stay in thylakoid

e- crom photosystem II transfered to ETC

Question 19

step 2

Answer 19

e- falling down energy gradient powers movement of H+ INTO the thylakoid

Question 20

step 3

Answer 20

high H+ is used to power ATP synthesis

Question 21

step 4

Answer 21

e- does not get caught by O2 - goes to photosystem I instead

Question 22

step 5

Answer 22

short ETC - which ends in the reduction of e- carrier NADP + H+ = NADPH

Question 23

GP3

Answer 23

glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate

3 carbon sugar made by the Calvin Cycle; incorporated into glucose or sucrose

Question 24

RuBP

Answer 24

ribulose biphosphate

Question 25

Rubisco

Question 26

NADPH

Question 27

ATP

Question 28

phase 1 of Calvin Cycle: Reduction

Answer 28

carbon dioxide enters and combines with rubisco biphosphate (RuBP)

Question 29

phase 2 of Calvin Cycle: Regeneration

Answer 29

ATP prepares RuBP to accept CO2 again

Question 30

Photorespiration

Answer 30

enzyme rubisco accidentally uses oxygen instead of CO2 (likely due to stomata's being closed during hot weather) its a waste O2 + RuBP and rubisco does NOT lead to GP3 production, it breaks down into 2 carbon molecules

Question 31

C3 plants

Answer 31

most plants, have to close their stomata to conserve water but since no CO2 is being let in, ATP cannot be produced

Question 32

C4 plants

Answer 32

spatially separates the Calvin Cycle and uses a shuttle molecule

Question 33

CAM plants

Answer 33

- open stomata at night - stores CO2 as the 4 carbon organic acid - wait until sunlight is available to convert to GP3 Are able to make 4 carbon molecules during the night, with their stomata open and then converted in to GP3 at day, with their stomata closed