Phonetics Theory- Semester 2 Wk2- Allophonic Variation of Place Flashcards
When we produce speech, we take ____.
Shortcuts.
Define the allophonic variation of place.
The place of articulation can shift slightly depending on context.
What is a reason for allophonic variation of place?
For efficiency (aka to save time) when producing speech.
What is retraction?
When a sound is produced further back than the label suggests.
What sound would be retracted in the word “pinch”?
[n]
What is advancement?
When a sound is produced further forward than the label suggests.
[_] is the diacritic for _____.
Retraction.
Is the /k/ in “cake” retracted or advanced?
Advanced.
What can bilabial sounds become?
They can become labiodental sounds.
A dentalised /m/ can be known as a _______ sound.
Labiodental.
When we move other parts of the oral cavity during sound production in addition to main articulation, what is this known as?
Secondary Articulation
Define simply what is meant by-
Secondary Articulation.
The Addition of another articulation (an accessory articulation if you like).
In secondary articulation there are 2 ____ strictures but one is of a _____ degree than the other.
Simultaneous, lower.
The _____ articulation is not as “important” as the ______ articulation.
Secondary, Primary.
Name the 4 main secondary variations of place (secondary articulations).
- Labialisation
- Palatalisation
- Velarisation
- Glottal Reinforcement
What is labialisation the addition of?
Labialisation is the addition of Lip Rounding.
All consonants can be ________.
Labialised.
In English what causes labialization?
Context.
In other languages, labialisation can be used ______.
Contrastively.
A diacritic with a superscript “p” is the diacritic for what secondary variation of place?
Labialisation.
In what contexts in English does labialisation occur?
Labialisation occurs when a consonant appears before a rounded vowel or [w].
The addition of tongue body articulation is called _________.
Palatalisation.
In English, palatalisation occurs due to _____ and _______.
Context, Accent.
In English, when does palatalisation usually occur?
Palatalisation occurs before palatal sound.
The superscript “j” is used to show a sound has been what?
Palatalised.
In Russian and Irish ______ is used contrastively.
Palatalisation.
What is velarisation?
Addition of back of the tongue articulation.
Velarisation occurs in English due to _____ and _______.
Context and Accent
Superscript “ɣ” is the diacritic for ________.
Velarisation.
What is the name for a velarized “l”?
Dark L
Does the “dark /l/” exist in Scottish English?
Yes.
What is a non velarized /l/ called?
A clear L.
Name this:
The production of a glottal plosive slightly before a voiceless plosive.
Glottal Reinforcement.
Glottal Reinforcement is the production of a _____ plosive before a ______ _______.
glottal, voiceless plosive (p,t or k)
Glottal reinforcement creates a slight _____ before the voiceless plosive.
Gap.
Glottal Reinforcement is mainly based on what?
Individual Preference.
Define Double Articulation.
Production of 2 articulations of equal importance.
Double Articulations must have the same _____ of articulation but different _____ of articulation.
Manner, Places.
Give an example of a double articulation.
Labio-velar sounds.
What is a double plosive an example of?
A double articulation.
