phases of information processing during skill performance Flashcards
what does the information processing model describe?
describes how performers;
- Take in large amounts of information from the environment
- Analyse and interpret the information
- Make decisions about what response to make
what are the 4 stages of the information processing model?
- input
- processing
- output
- feedback
what is the first stage of the information processing model?
identification of input
- stage involves the sensory mechanism detecting signals/cues in the environment
- irrelevant info is ignored
- relevant information is sent to the brain for processing.
what is the second stage of the information processing model?
processing
- brain processes all the data received from the sensory system
what are the three sequential processes in the information processing model?
- Perceptual mechanism / stimulus detection
- Decision making mechanism
- Effector Mechanism /response selection
what is the first process within the processing stage?
Stimulus Detection
- Analyse and interprets data received from the sensory mechanism
- The ability of sense organs
- The strength of the cues
- Noise
- Length of the cue
- Level of arousal
- Experience
what is the second process within the processing stage?
Decision-Making Mechanism
- After all relevant data has been interpreted and analyzed, the performer then decides as to what response to make.
- The response selected is influenced by past experiences, knowledge, and skill level of the performer.
what is the third process within the processing stage?
Effector Mechanism
- The effector mechanism and central nervous system prepare to produce the response selected as a result of the decision-making process
- Messages are sent via the neuromuscular system to the muscles and nerves which then create the specific movements required to produce the selected response.
what is the third stage of the information processing model?
Output
- involves the neuromuscular system producing the movements required to produce the selected response.
- the production of the action selected by the decision-making process
- “movement time” component of the total response time.
define response time
the time taken from the presentation of a stimulus to the completion of the movement
define reaction time
the time between the presentation of a stimulus and the initiation of the response
define movement time
the time taken from the initiation of the movement to the completion of the movement
what is the fourth stage of the information processing model?
feedback
- athlete receives feedback about the performance of the selected response.
⎯ The feedback can be internal, external intrinsic, or external augmented.
⎯ The athlete compares his just-completed performance against the desired performance and uses the information to improve
