classification of motor skills

Question 1

what are gross motor skills?

Answer 1

• Large amount of force exerted
• use of large muscle groups
• Whole body movements
• Requires coordination of large muscle groups
  e. g. running, walking, striking, kicking

Question 2

what are fine motor skills?

Answer 2

• Small amount of force exerted
• Involves the use of small muscle groups
• Precise movements
• Often involves coordination between the hand and the eyes
  e. g. threading a needle, typing, writing

Question 3

what are discrete skills?

Answer 3

• Brief and well-defined
• Clear beginning and end
• Single, specific skill
  e. g. a drive in golf, shot at goal, dive from the platform

Question 4

what are serial skills?

Answer 4

• Made up of a number of discrete skills which are put together in a certain order
  e. g. a floor routine in gymnastics

Question 5

what are continuous skills?

Answer 5

• No obvious beginning or end
• The same movement is repeated in a cycle over and over again
  e. g. cycling, jogging

Question 6

what are closed skills?

Answer 6

• Typically occurs in static (fixed) environment
• Movements not affected by the environment
• Has a defined beginning and ending
• Involves a pre-learned pattern of movement
• Decision making made prior to performance
• Skills tend to be internally paced

Question 7

what are open skills?

Answer 7

• Typically occurs in changing environment
• Movements need to be continually adapted to meet the demands of the task
• No defined beginning and ending
• Skills are predominantly perceptual (adaptations can occur)
• Decision making made during the performance
• Skills are mostly externally paced (performer produces a skill at a time determined by an external source)

Question 8

what is the complexity of the task?

Answer 8

based on how difficult the skill is to perform.

Question 9

what affects the complexity of a task?

Answer 9

• relevant cues needed
• amount information that needed to be analysed
• number of available responses
• Time available to analyse information and select response
• Task requirements > degree of speed and accuracy needed.

simple
complex

Question 10

what are simple skills?

Answer 10

• Quickly learned, often by imitation of the demonstration
• No time pressure
• One cue only
• No opposition players
• Speed not important
• Accuracy important

Question 11

what are complex skills?

Answer 11

• Require a longer learning and practice time
• Time pressure
• Many cues
• Many available responses
• Speed important
• Accuracy important