immediate response to exercise

Question 1

what are the cardiovascular immediate responses to exercise?

Answer 1

• cardiac output
• heart rate
• stroke volume
• blood pressire
• redistribution of blood flow
• A-VO2 difference
• venous return

Question 2

what are the respiratory immediate responses to exercise?

Answer 2

• respiratory rate
• tidal volume
• ventilisation
• diffusion
• oxygen uptake

Question 3

cardiac output

Answer 3

INCREASES

• Total amount of blood the heart pumps every minute
• Calculated by Heart Rate x Stroke Volume

Question 4

heart rate

Answer 4

INCREASES

• Number of times heart beats per min
• To provide more rapid supply of fuel and energy to the muscles, heart rate increases during exercise

Question 5

stroke volume

Answer 5

INCREASES

- The amount of blood that is ejected from the left ventricle with each beat of the heart

Question 6

venous return

Answer 6

INCREASES

• blood flow back to the heart
  1) The Muscle Pump
  2) The Respiratory Pump
  3) Constriction of veins (Venoconstriction)

Question 7

blood pressure

Answer 7

INCREASES

• Arterioles supply working muscles so more blood is forced from arterioles into the capillaries surrounding muscles
• Pressure against the artery wall
• Systolic = greater increase with intensity
• Diastolic = no change at submaximal
• Arterys are elastic
• Elasticity of arteries of athletes = greater

Question 8

blood redistribution

Answer 8

INCREASES

- arteries open up and contract to allow more or less blood to reach certain areas of the body.

Question 9

a-vO2 difference

Answer 9

INCREASES

• A comparison of the oxygen in the arteries compared with the veins
• a measurement of muscle oxygen use.
• more oxygen is extracted by the muscles during exercise = the avO2 difference increases

Question 10

respiratory rate

Answer 10

INCREASES

- The increased need for oxygen and the removal of carbon dioxide during exercise = increased respiratory rate.

Question 11

tidal volume

Answer 11

INCREASES

- refers to the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal respiration

Question 12

ventilation

Answer 12

INCREASES

- Amount of air inspired/expired in a minute

Question 13

gas exchange

Answer 13

INCREASES

- Diffusion – movement of a gas from high concentration to low concentration

Question 14

oxygen uptake

Answer 14

INCREASES

• Oxygen uptake increases dramatically during first few minutes of exercise (oxygen deficit)
• steady state is reached = oxygen demand is met by oxygen supply