phase 2 sba9 Flashcards
how does ascites impact sodium
ascites can cause low sodium
which meds are most associated with prescribing errors
Antibiotics
how to know if a bacteria is MRSA
Preliminary antibiotic susceptibility testing shows cefoxitin resistance.
how to treat MRSA endocarditis caused by staph aureus
Vancomycin (+rifampacin)
how to diagnose influenza
performing PCR on a nasopharyngeal swab
what is primary immunodeficiency
weak immune system
history of frequent severe infections other involved family members
what is Chronic Granulomatous Disease
a primary immunodeficiency
x linked - affects males
causes abscesses and obstructive phenomena
diagnosed with NBT test - Inability of neutrophils to reduce oxidized nitroblue tetrazolium dye
cause and treatment of fungal meningitis
cause - Cryptococcus
treatment - Liposomal Amphotericin B plus flucytosine
if someone has Huntingdon whats the risk to their children
Any male or female children will have a 50% risk of inheriting it
first thing to do with someone with severe guillian barre
alert ITU
when should you not perform a thrombophilia screen
in the presence of active thrombosis or in patients receiving anticoagulation as these cause false results
best predictor risk factor for diabetes
Body mass index
PSC gold standard test
ERCP
PSC first line test
abdominal USS
Wenicke’s encephalopathy triad
- Ataxia (wide base)
- encephalopathy (confusion),
- Ophthalmoplegia (not following finger)
timeframe for testicular surgery
Surgical exploration done before 6 hours is 90% likely to be successful. Anything longer than 24 hours means the testicle will necrose.
minimal change disease treatment
PO prednisolone
genetic condition linked to Renal Cell Carcinoma
Von Hippel Lindau
define ESR
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate measures how quickly erythrocytes will fall to the bottom of a tube, and measures the fibrinogen values. Fibrinogen rises in cases of inflammation
most common cause of Septic Arthritis
STAPH AEURS
how to differentiate migrane and TIA
if TIA - the tingling and numbness would have travelled up the arm within a matter of seconds and would most likely be accompanied by weakness.
if patient has lung cancer and drooping of his left eyelid and his left pupil appears constricted.
what is it
pancoast tumour with ipsilateral Horner syndrome
How do peak flow measurements differ at different times of day
Morning lower, evening higher. Diurnal variation
risk factors for aortic dissection
- Connective tissue disorders
- cocaine use
- smoking
obesity is not!!
scoring tool for infective endocarditis
Duke’s Criteria
scoring tool for rheumatic fever
jones criteria
define primary prevention
prevents the condition developing altogether
define secondary prevention
aims to tackle a disease that is diagnosed but has not become complicated yet
define tertiary prevention
preventing complications of the condition
second line treatment for iBS
consider a TCA antidepressant like amitryptilline.
what are most GI cancers
colonic or even gastric + oesophageal
small bowel are less than 1%
diagnostic conditions for DKA
ketones more than 3
glucose more than 11
ph less than 7.3
