phase 2 saq 4

Question 1

investigations for DKA

Answer 1

FBC, U&E, serum ketones, blood glucose, ABG, ECG, serum
amylase, urinalysis

Question 2

atrial fibrillation treatments

Answer 2

Rate control - digoxin, beta blockers, CCB

Rhythm control - amiodarone, cardioversion (any

Question 3

what med to prevent stroke after atrial fibrillation

Answer 3

DOAC

Question 4

what professionals need to be informed about epilepsy attack

Answer 4

GP, employer/school staff, DVLA, insurance providers

Question 5

anaphylaxis pathogenesis

Answer 5

Allergen binds to (Fab region on) IgE (1),

which stimulates mast cells to produce HISTAMINE + tryptases/leukotrienes (1),

which results in increased vessel permeability/bronchoconstriction/vasodilatio

Question 6

athersclerosis pathogenesis

Answer 6

[Endothelial injury →] Formation of a fatty streak in youth age (1)

Results in inflammatory reaction; lymphocytes, fibroblasts, platelets, RBCs, macrophages infiltrate (1)

Fibroblasts produce smooth muscle cap over internal lumen of the plaque – if ruptured, plaque is unstable

Question 7

what inherited condition causes HIGH HDL and LDL

Answer 7

Familial hypercholesterolaemia