phase 2 sba 4 Flashcards
tumour marker for HCC
Alpha-fetoprotein
inheritance pattern does Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy have
Autosomal Recessive
‘contemplation’ phase of the stages of change model?
Aware a problem exists but no commitment to action
stages of change transtheoretical model of change
Precontemplation → Contemplation → Preparation → Action → Maintenance → Relapse → Precontemplation etc.
what originates from endoderm
pancreas
what originates from ectoderm
epidermis of the skin, tooth enamel and the nervous
system
Which artery is most at risk of rupture from a posterior duodenal wall ulcer
Gastroduodenal artery
is pyruvate produced in krebs cycle
no
characteristics of anal fissure
The presence of fresh red blood and the tearing sensation
Turner Syndrome karyotype
45, XO
what can cause hyperuricaemia
thiazide diuretics.
Where is McBurney’s Point Located?
2/3 of the way from the Umbilicus to the Right ASIS
biggest risk factor for primary biliary cholangitis
female
Which clotting factor is not affected by warfarin?
Factor VI
treatment for acute chest syndrome sickle cell crisis
Hydroxycarbamide
which med given before phaeochromocytoma surgery
Phenoxybenzamine
what is cut to release pressure on the median nerve?
Transverse carpal ligament.
what is is diagnostic of acute pancreatitis
Raised urinary amylase
treatment for tonsilitis
Phenoxymethylpenicillin QDS 10 days
what are kerley b lines
interstitial oedema
how to diagnose postural hypotension
getting the patient to lie down for 5 minutes then measure BP.
Ask them to stand up and at 1 minute and 3 minutes measure their BP.
If there is a systolic drop >20mmHg or if the systolic BP drops to less than 90 (from any original starting point)
the patient is diagnosed with postural hypotension.
does hyperthryodism cause polyuria
no
does ceeliac cause loss of appetite
no - just malabsorption
what is enlarged virchows node associated with
gastric cancer
a first-line treatment for mild ulcerative colitis
Mesalazine- member of 5-ASA drug group that is used for mild UC
definr acute liver failure
INR greater than 1.5
Onset of less than 26 weeks duration
Mental alteration without pre-existing cirrhosis
No previous liver disease
describe cancer of the head of pancreas
can obstruct the Common Bile Duct, causing obstructive
jaundice
what does Benzene exposure increase risk of
renal cell carcinoms
treatment for e diarrhoea due to cholera
Rehydration with IV fluids
treatment for suspected meningococcal septicaemia
Benzylpenicillin
example of beta-haemolytic gram-positive streptococcus with
Lancefield grouping A
Strep. Pyogenes
UTI treatment for pregnat woman
Nitrofurantoin
trimethoprim is teratogenic
which antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?
Ciprofloxacin
Metronidazole
Rifampicin
Trimethoprim
What nutrient agar is used to grow Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Lowenstein-Jensen
example of a non-lactose fermenting aerobic bacillus that gives a
positive result on oxidase test?
Pseudomonas
most common cause of infective endocarditis in
adults
Optochin resistant alpha-haemolytic streptococcus
descrbe grades of mrc dysponea scal
Grade 1: Breathless with strenuous exercise.
Grade 2: Short of breath when hurrying or when walking up hill.
Grade 3: Walks slower than people of the same age or stops for breath when walking at own pace on flat.
Grade 4: Stops for breath after
walking 100m on flat.
Grade 5: Too breathless to leave the house/ Breathlessness on changing
clothes.
how does Parapneumonic pleural effusion present
commonly occur after a pneumonia
stony dull percussion
blunting of the Right costophrenic angle with a homogenous
opacity of the lower zone of the right lung
Which antibody is most commonly associated with granulomatosis
with polyangitis?
- C-ANCA
most common culprit of community acquired pneumonia?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
