phase 2 sba 2

Question 1

which muscarinic receptors are found in the heart

Answer 1

M2

Question 2

where are M1 receptors

Answer 2

gastric

Question 3

where are M3 receptors

Answer 3

smooth muscle

Question 4

examples of omplementary and alternative medicine?

Answer 4

• acupuncture
• osteopathy
• homeopathy
• aromatherapy

Question 5

is weight lifting a RF for osteoporosis

Answer 5

no
it protects

Question 6

how do Azoles work

Answer 6

by inhibiting the 14a-sterol demethylase intermediate in the pathway of cholesterol and ergosterol production

Question 7

triad of cushings reflex

Answer 7

occurs with raised ICP

bradycardia, irregular respiration, widening pulse pressure

Question 8

Which HLA genes are associated with coeliac disease?

Answer 8

HLA-DQ2 or DQ8

Question 9

what happens in charcot foot

Answer 9

neuropathy results in repeated injury, deformity and ultimately collapse of the foot arch.

Question 10

describe liver flap/asterix

Answer 10

When he closes his eyes, puts his hands out in front of him and flexes his wrists his hands begin to move up and down

Question 11

What screening tool would be appropriate to use to aid your diagnosis and treatment of depression

Answer 11

PHQ-9

Question 12

describe Neck of femur fracture

Answer 12

very common in frail, older females even with low-impact accidents.

With a neck of femur fracture the leg is characteristically shortened and externally rotated.

Question 13

what is the sepsis 6

Answer 13

BUFALO
Blood cultures
Urine output monitoring
Fluids
Antibiotics
Lactate
Oxygen
(Give 3 things, take 3 things)

Question 14

treatment for severe hyperkalaemia

Answer 14

insulin, dextrose, calcium gluconate and salbutamol

Question 15

symptoms of temporal lobe seizure

Answer 15

automatisms (lip smacking), fidgeting, fear

Question 16

how does trimethoprim work

Answer 16

interfere with folate synthesis

Question 17

what is the health belief model

Answer 17

Individuals will change if:

They believe that they are susceptible to the condition
They believe that personal action can reduce susceptibility
They believe that there are serious consequences
They believe that benefits outweigh the costs

Question 18

how does oestrogen maintain bone health?

Answer 18

Oestrogen represses RANK-L signalling, down regulation leads to increased RANK activation and therefore less bone resorption

Question 19

whihc ascending spinal tracts is responsible for conveying pain and temperature?

Answer 19

Lateral spinothalamic

Question 20

example of an NSAID that causes an upper GI bleed

Answer 20

Naproxen

Question 21

opioid overdose treatment

Answer 21

Naloxone

Question 22

which clotting factors is part of the extrinsic pathway in the coagulation cascade?

Answer 22

Factor VII

Question 23

What is the correct order for the following bloods?

Answer 23

aerobic cultures, anaerobic cultures, U&E, FBC

Question 24

Which opattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is able to detect the flagellin of certain bacteria?

Answer 24

TLR5

Question 25

Which of the following antibodies is found in breast milk and supports the immune system of infants?

Answer 25

IgA

Question 26

treatment for pericarditis

Answer 26

750mg Aspirin, PPI & colchicine

Question 27

Which of the following is a side effect commonly associated with the use of Nifedipine?

Answer 27

ankle swelling

Question 28

which growth mediums is most appropriate for culturing a fungal organism?

Answer 28

Sabouraud agar

Question 29

describe thyroid levels in hashmitotos

Answer 29

high TSH, low T3/4

Question 30

reporting system for adverse drug reactions

Answer 30

Yellow Card scheme

Question 31

treatment for uncomplocated UTI

Answer 31

Nitrofurantoin

Question 32

antibodies in diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis

Answer 32

Anti-topoisomerase-1 antibodies

Question 33

What is the effect of giving 500micrograms of adrenaline to a patient in anaphylaxis?

Answer 33

Adrenaline binds to Beta-2 receptors in airway smooth muscles causing bronchodilation