Pharynx Flashcards
The pharynx is separated from the spine by a fascial plane that forms what space?
retropharyngeal space,
The walls of the pharynx are musculomembranous and are lined by what?
mucosa
There are 6 skeletal muscle of the pharynx, what are they?
superior constrictor middle constrictor inferior constrictor stylopharyngeus palatopharyngeus salpingopharingeus
All but one of the muscle of the pharynx are supplied by what nerve? Which muscle is the exception and what is it innervated by?
vagus nerve supplies all except stylopharyngeus which is supplied by pharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve, CN IX
What is the origin and insertion of superior constrictor muscle?
O: pterygoid hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe and mandible
I: pharyngeal raphe and pharyngeal tubercle on basilar occiput
What is the origin and insertion of the middle constrictor muscle?
O: greater and lesser cornua of hyoid bone, stylohyoid ligament
I: pharyngeal raphe
What is the origin and insertion of the inferior constrictor muscle?
O: thyroid and cricoid cartilages of the larynx
I: pharyngeal raphe
What is the origin and insertion of the stylopharyngeus muscle?
O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: superior border of thyroid cartilage to blend with constrictors
What is the origin and insertion of the palatopharyngeus muscle?
O: soft palate and hard palate
I: superior border of thyroid cartilage to blend with constrictors
What is the origin and insertion of the salpingopharyngeus muscle?
O: Eustachian tube cartilage
I: blends with pharyngeal tissue
The portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the nasal cavities and superior to the soft palate is called what?
nasopharynx
The portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the oral cavity and inferior to the soft palate is called what?
oropharynx
The portion of the pharynx that is posterior and lateral to the larynx is called what?
laryngopharynx
What structure has an opening on the lateral wall of the nasopharynx?
eustacian tube
The Eustachian tube connects the nasopharynx to where?
the middle ear
The opening the nasopharynx is called what?
ostium
The raised prominence created by underlying cartilage that “guards” the ostium of the Eustachian tube?
torus tubarius
The fold that extends from the posterior border of the torus tubarius and covers the muscle for which it is named with mucosa?
salpingopharyngeal fold
The depression/area in the posterior aspect of the roof of the nasopharynx, behind the salpingopharyngeal fold?
pharyngeal recess
What is found in the pharyngeal recess?
pharyngeal tonsils
The lateral walls of the oropharynx are made from which two arches and what is located in between those two arches?
palatoglossal arch
palatopharyngeal arch
the palatine tonsils are located between them
The lingual tonsils, palatine tonsils and pharyngeal tonsils function how?
in immune monitoring from two likely pathogen entry points, nose and mouth
From what two structures does the laryngopharynx extend?
the hyoid bone to the cricoid cartilage
The laryngopharynx communicates inferiorly with what structure?
the esophagus
The laryngopharynx communicates anteriorly with what structure?
larynx
What is the opening through which the laryngopharynx communicates with the larynx?
laryngeal inlet or aditus
The depressions in the right and left lateral aspects of the laryngyopharynx
piriform recesses
