Pharynx

Question 1

The pharynx is separated from the spine by a fascial plane that forms what space?

Answer 1

retropharyngeal space,

Question 2

The walls of the pharynx are musculomembranous and are lined by what?

Answer 2

mucosa

Question 3

There are 6 skeletal muscle of the pharynx, what are they?

Answer 3

superior constrictor
middle constrictor
inferior constrictor
stylopharyngeus
palatopharyngeus
salpingopharingeus

Question 4

All but one of the muscle of the pharynx are supplied by what nerve? Which muscle is the exception and what is it innervated by?

Answer 4

vagus nerve supplies all except stylopharyngeus which is supplied by pharyngeal branch of glossopharyngeal nerve, CN IX

Question 5

What is the origin and insertion of superior constrictor muscle?

Answer 5

O: pterygoid hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe and mandible
I: pharyngeal raphe and pharyngeal tubercle on basilar occiput

Question 6

What is the origin and insertion of the middle constrictor muscle?

Answer 6

O: greater and lesser cornua of hyoid bone, stylohyoid ligament
I: pharyngeal raphe

Question 7

What is the origin and insertion of the inferior constrictor muscle?

Answer 7

O: thyroid and cricoid cartilages of the larynx
I: pharyngeal raphe

Question 8

What is the origin and insertion of the stylopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 8

O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: superior border of thyroid cartilage to blend with constrictors

Question 9

What is the origin and insertion of the palatopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 9

O: soft palate and hard palate
I: superior border of thyroid cartilage to blend with constrictors

Question 10

What is the origin and insertion of the salpingopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 10

O: Eustachian tube cartilage
I: blends with pharyngeal tissue

Question 11

The portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the nasal cavities and superior to the soft palate is called what?

Answer 11

nasopharynx

Question 12

The portion of the pharynx that is posterior to the oral cavity and inferior to the soft palate is called what?

Answer 12

oropharynx

Question 13

The portion of the pharynx that is posterior and lateral to the larynx is called what?

Answer 13

laryngopharynx

Question 14

What structure has an opening on the lateral wall of the nasopharynx?

Answer 14

eustacian tube

Question 15

The Eustachian tube connects the nasopharynx to where?

Answer 15

the middle ear

Question 16

The opening the nasopharynx is called what?

Answer 16

ostium

Question 17

The raised prominence created by underlying cartilage that “guards” the ostium of the Eustachian tube?

Answer 17

torus tubarius

Question 18

The fold that extends from the posterior border of the torus tubarius and covers the muscle for which it is named with mucosa?

Answer 18

salpingopharyngeal fold

Question 19

The depression/area in the posterior aspect of the roof of the nasopharynx, behind the salpingopharyngeal fold?

Answer 19

pharyngeal recess

Question 20

What is found in the pharyngeal recess?

Answer 20

pharyngeal tonsils

Question 21

The lateral walls of the oropharynx are made from which two arches and what is located in between those two arches?

Answer 21

palatoglossal arch
palatopharyngeal arch
the palatine tonsils are located between them

Question 22

The lingual tonsils, palatine tonsils and pharyngeal tonsils function how?

Answer 22

in immune monitoring from two likely pathogen entry points, nose and mouth

Question 23

From what two structures does the laryngopharynx extend?

Answer 23

the hyoid bone to the cricoid cartilage

Question 24

The laryngopharynx communicates inferiorly with what structure?

Answer 24

the esophagus

Question 25

The laryngopharynx communicates anteriorly with what structure?

Answer 25

larynx

Question 26

What is the opening through which the laryngopharynx communicates with the larynx?

Answer 26

laryngeal inlet or aditus

Question 27

The depressions in the right and left lateral aspects of the laryngyopharynx

Answer 27

piriform recesses