Infratemporal fossa Flashcards
What is the anterior border of the infratemporal fossa?
maxilla
What is the superior border/roof of the infratemporal fossa?
greater wing of the sphenoid bone
What is the inferior border of the infratemporal fossa?
insertion of medial pterygoid muscle to mandible
What is the medial border of the infratemporal fossa?
lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
What is the lateral border of the infratemporal fossa?
ramus of the mandible
What is the posterior border of the infratemporal fossa?
tympanic plate
mastoid process
styloid process
What 4 areas does the infra temporal fossa communicate with?
- temporal fossa superiorly
- middle cranial fossa superiorly via foramen ovale and spinosum
- orbit superiorly via inferior orbital fissure
- pterygopalatine fossa medially via pterygomaxillary fissure
From the infra temporal fossa, what opening leads to the orbit?
inferior orbital fissure
From the infra temporal fossa, what opening leads to the pterygopalatine fossa?
pterygomaxillary fissure
What structures pass from the infra temporal fossa to the orbit via the inferior orbital fissure?
infraorbital n, a, v and zygomatic nerve which branches from maxillary (V2) nerve
All of the muscles of mastication are innervated by branches of what nerve?
mandibular (V3)
the branches are named for the muscles they innervate
What is the origin and insertion of the masseter muscle?
O: zygomatic arch and bone
I: lateral surface of mandibular ramus
What is the origin and insertion of the temporalis muscle?
O: temporal fossa
I: coronoid process of mandibular ramus
What is the origin and insertion of the medial pterygoid muscle?
O: medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
I: medial surface of mandibular ramus and angle
What is the origin and insertion of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
O: superior head on greater wing of sphenoid, inferior head on lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone
I: both heads on neck of the condyloid process of the mandible and capsule/disc of TMJ
What is the major artery of the infra temporal fossa? Where is it located? What is it a branch of?
- maxillary artery
- deep to the neck of the mandible
- terminal branch of external carotid
What are deep auricular artery and anterior tympanic artery branches of and what do they supply?
Branch of maxillary artery and supply:
- external ear
- external auditory meatus
- tympanic membrane and tympanic cavity
What is middle meningeal artery a branch of and what does it supply?
Branch of maxillary artery and supplies:
- cranial bones
- cranial dura
What is inferior alveolar artery a branch of and what does it supply?
Branch of maxillary artery and supplies:
- mandible
- teeth and gums of mandible via dental branches
What is buccal artery a branch of and what does it supply?
Branch of maxillary artery and supplies:
- supplies soft tissues of the cheek
- buccinator muscle
What is posterior superior alveolar artery a branch of and what does it supply?
Branch of maxillary artery and supplies:
-posterior maxillary teeth (molars and premolars)
What is infraorbital artery a branch of and what does it supply?
Branch of maxillary artery and supplies:
- maxillary sinus
- anterior teeth of maxilla via anterior and middle superior alveolar arteries
- anterior face
What is sphenopalatine artery a branch of and what does it supply?
Branch of maxillary artery and supplies:
- nasal cavity via nasal branches
- hard and soft palate via palatine branches
What is mental artery a branch of and what does it supply?
inferior alveolar and supplies:
-soft tissue of the chin
After the inferior alveolar artery branches from maxillary artery in the infra temporal fossa, what is it’s path?
enters mandible via the mandibular foramen and traverses the mandible via the mandibular canal until it emerges through the mental foramen as the mental artery
What are the muscular branches of the maxillary artery?
Deep temporal arteries
masseteric arteries
pterygoid arteries
After the infraorbital artery branches from maxillary artery in the infra temporal fossa, what is it’s path?
it passes through the inferior orbital fissure, courses along the floor of the orbit, through the orbital groove and infraorbital canal to emerge through the infraorbital foramen
The infraorbital artery forms an anastomoses with what artery in the anterior face?
angular branch of facial artery
After the sphenopalatine artery branches from maxillary artery in the infra temporal fossa, what is it’s path?
it passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure to enter the pterygopalatine fossa and then forms nasal and palatine branches
Where do the veins of the infra temporal fossa drain?
into the pterygoid plexus of veins which drains to maxillary vein and then retromandibular vein
Mandibular nerve enters the infratemporal fossa via what opening and medial to what landmark?
through foramen ovale
medial (deep) to the lateral pterygoid muscle
Mandibular nerve is the only branch of trigeminal nerve that has both motor and sensory function. What muscles does it innervate?
- muscle of mastication (masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoid
- mylohyoid
- anterior belly of digastric
- tensor tympani
- tensor veli palatini
Mandibular nerve is the only branch of trigeminal nerve that has both motor and sensory function. The sensory component creates the V3 dermatome which includes what?
- teeth and gums of lower jaw
- general sensory to anterior 2/3 of the tongue
- oral mucosa on lateral wall and floor of oral cavity
- skin over mandible, lower lip, cheek, temporal region and some skin of external ear
- TMJ
- part of tympanic membrane
- some of cranial dura
What is meningeal nerve a branch of and what does it innervate?
Mandibular (V3) nerve and it innervates:
-dura of the middle cranial fossa
What is buccal nerve a branch of and what does it innervate?
Mandibular (V3) nerve and it innervates:
-sensory to the skin of the cheek and oral mucosa
What is auriculotemporal nerve a branch of and what does it innervate?
Mandibular (V3) nerve and it innervates:
- auricle of the ear
- skin of the temporal region
- some of the tympanic membrane
- TMJ
What is lingual nerve a branch of and what does it innervate?
Mandibular (V3) nerve and it innervates:
- anterior 2/3 of the tongue
- floor of the oral cavity
What is inferior alveolar nerve a branch of and what does it innervate?
Mandibular (V3) nerve and it innervates:
- teeth of lower jaw
- skin of chin and lower lip via mental nerve
- mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric via nerve to mylohyoid
After branching from mandibular nerve, what is the path of meningeal nerve?
It follow middle meningeal artery through the foramen spinosum and into the middle cranial fossa
What are the muscular branches of mandibular nerve
- masseteric nerve
- medial pterygoid nerve
- lateral pterygoid nerve
- deep temporal nerves
After branching from mandibular nerve, what landmark does buccal nerve pass between?
passes in between the two heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle
After branching from mandibular nerve, what is the path of auriculotemporal nerve?
deep to the neck of the mandible, then becomes superficial between TMJ and external auditory meatus as it travels to the temporal region
What is the function of corda tympani?
it carries fibers from facial nerve that hitchhike on lingual nerve to provide:
- taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
- preganglionic parasympathetic neurons to the submandibular ganglion
After branching from mandibular nerve, what is the path and branches of inferior alveolar nerve?
gives of nerve to mylohyoid right before entering the mandible via the mandibular foramen. It then passes through the mandibular canal and gives of dental branches. It exits the mandible via the mental foramen as the mental nerve
