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Gross Anatomy II > Part II - Muscles OIANs > Flashcards

Part II - Muscles OIANs Flashcards

1
Q

OINAs for Lateral Rectus

A

Origin: common tendinitis ring (annulus of Zion)

Insertion: sclera on lateral aspect of eyeball

N: CN VI abducens

Action: abduction

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2
Q

OINAs for Medial Rectus

A

O: common tendinus ring
I: sclera on medial aspect of eyeball
N: CN III occulomotor
Action: adduction

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3
Q

OINAs for Inferior Rectus

A

O: common tendinitis ring
I: sclera on inferior aspect of eyeball
N: CN III
A: depression, adduction, extorsion

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4
Q

OINAs for Superior Rectus

A

O: common tendinitis ring
I: sclera on superior aspect of eyeball
N: CN III
A: elevation, adduction, intorsion

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5
Q

OINAs for Superior Oblique

A

O: body of sphenoid bone above common tendinous ring
I: tendon of insertion passes through trochlea and then inserts on sclera of superolateral eyeball
N: CN IV - trochlear
A: depression, abduction, intorsion

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6
Q

OINAs for Inferior Oblique

A

O: floor of orbit at anteromedial aspect
I: posterolateral aspect of the eyeball
N: CN III
A: elevation, abduction, extorsion

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7
Q

OINAs for Levator Palpebrae Superioris

A

O: lesser wing of sphenoid bone near orbital apex
I: superior tarsal plate of superior palpebra
N: CN III
A: elevates superior palpebra

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8
Q

OINAs for Masseter

A

O: zygomatic arch and zygomatic bone
I: lateral surface of mandibular ramus
A: elevates and protract mandible
N: Masseteric Nerve from V3

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9
Q

OIANs for Temporalis

A

O: Temporal fossa
I: Coronoid process of mandibular ramus
A: elevates and retracts mandible
N: deep temporal nerves (from V3)

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10
Q

OIANs for Medial Pterygoid

A

O: Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
I: medial surface of ramus of mandible at angle
A: elevates, contralaterally deviates and protracted mandible
N: Medial pterygoid nerve (from V3)

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11
Q

OIANs for Lateral Pterygoid

A
  1. Superior Head
  2. Inferior Head

O: 1 - greater wing of sphenoid 2 - lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
I: neck of condyles process, capsule and articulate disc of TMJ
A: depresses contralaterally deviates and protracted the mandible
N: Lateral pterygoid nerve (from V3)

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12
Q

Hypoglossal nerve (CN #___ ) innervates all the tongue with one exception:

A

CN 12; palatoglossus m (Vegus N CN 10)

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13
Q

OIANs for Genioglossus

A

O: inner surface of mentum of mandible
I: body of tongue, body of hyoid bone
A: bilateral protraction and bilateral depression; unilateral protraction with contralateral deviation
N: CN 12

**the only tongue muscle to protract

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14
Q

OIANs for Styloglossus

A

O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: tongue
A: retraction and elevation of tongue
N: CN 12

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15
Q

OIANs for Hyoglossus

A

O: greater cornu fo hyoid bone
I: tongue
A: depression and retraction of tongue
N: CN 12

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16
Q

OIANs for Palatoglossus

A

O: palate (lateral)
I: tongue
A: faucet sphincter and elevates tongue
N: Vegus N CN 10

**the only tongue muscle NOT innervated by CN 12

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17
Q

Name the 4 extrinsic muscles

A

Genioglossus
Styloglossus
Hyoglossus
Palatoglossus

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18
Q

What is the action of the intrinsic muscles?

A

Fine tongue movements
Alter fine shape of tongue
Speech

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19
Q

Name the 5 palate muscles

A 
Levator veli palatini 
Tensor veli palatini
Muscular uvulae 
Palatoglossus
Palatopharyngeus
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20
Q

OIAN of levator veli palatini

A

O: temporal bone and Eustachian tube cartilage
I: soft palate
A: elevates and retracts the palate
N: CN 10

21
Q

All muscles of the palate are innervated by CN ___ except ____

A

Vegus N CN10; Tensor veli palatini (medial pterygoid nerve from V3)

22
Q

OIAN of tensor veli palatini

A

O: sphenoid bone and Eustachian tube cartilage
I: soft palate
A: tighten and flatten the palate
N: medial pterygoid n (from V3)

**all other palate muscles are innervated by CN 10

23
Q

OIAN of musculus uvulae (dingly dangly thing)

A

O: hard palate
I: uvula
A: elevates uvula
N: CN 10

24
Q

OIAN of palatoglossus

A

O: palate
I: tongue (lateral side)
A: sphincter of the faucets, elevates the tongue
N: CN 10

25
Q

OIAN of palatopharyngeus

A

O: hard and soft palate
I: wall of pharynx
A: elevates pharynx
N: CN 10

26
Q

What suprahyoid muscles are innervated by V3 of trigeminal?

A

Anterior belly of digastric

Mylohyoid

27
Q

Recti muscles (4) originate near the posterior orbit from:

A

Common tendinous ring (annulus of Zion)

28
Q

IAN of lateral rectus

A

I: sclera on lateral aspect of eyeball
A: Abduction (principal abductor)
N: CN 6

29
Q

IAN of medial rectus

A

I: sclera on medial aspect of eyeball
A: adduction (principal adductor)
N: CN 3

30
Q

IAN of inferior rectus

A

I: sclera on inferior aspect of eyeball (anteromedial to vertical axis)
A: depression - principal action. Adduction. Extortion (lateral rotation)
N: CN 3

31
Q

IAN of superior rectus

A

I: sclera on superior aspect of eyeball (anteromedial to vertical axis)
A: elevation (principal action). Adduction. Intorsion (medial rotation)
N: CN 3

32
Q

OIAN of superior oblique

A

O: body of sphenoid bone above common tendinous ring at orbital apex
I: tendon of insertion passes through trochlea and then inserts on the sclera of superolateral eyeball (posterior to vertical axis)
A: depression (principal action). Abduction. Intorsion (medial rotation)
N: CN 4

33
Q

OIAN of inferior oblique

A

O: floor of the orbit at the anteromedial aspect
I: posterolateral aspect of the eyeball (posterior to vertical axis)
A: elevation (principal action). Abduction. Extorsion (lateral rotation)
N: CN 3

34
Q

Action and Innervation of accessory muscles of the orbit?

A

Tarsal muscles (superior and inferior)

  • A: assist with elevation of the superior palpebra and depression of the inferior palpebra
  • N: postganglionic sympathetic fibers
35
Q

Innervation and function of Nasalis m

A

Muscle of facial expression (flares nostrils)

N: facial nerve

36
Q

OIAN of Superior Constrictor

A

O: pterygoid hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe and mandible
I: pharyngeal raphe and pharyngeal tubercle (tubercle on basilar part of occipital bone)
A: elevate and constrict pharynx
I: pharyngeal branch of CN X vagus n

37
Q

OIAN of middle constrictor m

A

O: greater and lesser cornua of hyoid bone, stylohyoid ligament
I: pharyngeal raphe
A: constrict pharynx - push bonus of food downwards into esophagus during swallowing
N: pharyngeal branch CN X

38
Q

OIAN of inferior constrictor m

A

O: thyroid and cricoid cartilages of larynx
I: pharyngeal raphe
A: constrict pharynx
N: pharyngeal branch CN X

39
Q

OIAN of stylopharyngeus m

A

O: styloid process of temporal bone
I: superior border of thyroid cartilage (blends with constrictors)
A: elevates pharynx
N: pharyngeal branch CN IX

** ONLY skeletal muscle innervated by CN IX glossopharyngeal

40
Q

OIAN of Palatopharyngeus m.

A

O: soft palate and hard palate
I: superior border of thyroid cartilage (blends with constrictors)
A: elevates pharynx
N: pharyngeal branch CN X

41
Q

OIAN of Salpingopharyngeus (not always present)

A

O: Eustachian tube cartilage
I: blends with pharyngeal tissues
A: elevates pharynx
N: pharyngeal branch CN X

42
Q

Name the 6 skeletal muscles of the pharynx

A 
Superior constrictor
Middle constrictor
Inferior constrictor
Stylopharyngeus
Palatopharyngeus
Scalping gopharyngeus
43
Q

What is the only skeletal muscle innervated by CN IX?

A

Stylopharyngeus m.

44
Q

What does salpinx or salpingo mean?

A

Tube

45
Q

Name the 5 major cartilages of the larynx and their vertebral level

A

Thyroid cartilage - C4, C5
Cricoid cartilage - C6
Epiglottis cartilage
Paired Arytenoid cartilage — vocal processes

46
Q

What do the extrinsic muscles of the larynx do? And what are they?

A

They move the entire larynx (suprahyoid muscles and infrahyoid muscles)

47
Q

What do the intrinsic muscles of the larynx do? And what are they?

A

They open/close glottis and/or regulate tension of vocal folds. Several, but we only need to know CRICOTHYROID

48
Q

Innervation of cricothyroid?

A

External laryngeal nerve

49
Q

Vegus n branches that innervate the larynx

A

Pharyngeal branch (muscles of pharynx except stylopharyngeus)

Superior laryngeal nerve splits
- internal laryngeal n sensory innervation to most of the mucosa to the level of vocal folds
…its travels with superior laryngeal artery and they both go through thyrohyoid membrane

  • external laryngeal n motor nerve to cricothyroid muscle

Recurrent laryngeal nerves (dissect for these in 3rd Q) asymmetrical:

  • Right side loops around right subclavian and comes back up
  • Left side loops under the aortic arch

Gross Anatomy II (22 decks)

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