Pharmacology Flashcards
What is pharmacokinetics ?
Studies the Effect of drug on the body
Pharmacodynamics
Studies effect of biological system on the drug
Skin ointment is an example of what route of administration?
Topical
Aerosols for asthmatic patients is by which route of administration?
Topical
What is the highest advantage of using topical drugs?
Topical drugs are applied where they are needed and high concentration reaches targets tissue without being absorbed anywhere else
Which is the least predictable route of administration?
Enteral
Difference between enteral and parental drugs?
Enteral drugs reaches targets tissue via gut
Parenteral drugs reaches target tissue avoiding the gut
Types of parenteral administration
Subcutaneous injections
Intradermal injections
Intramuscular injections
Intravenous injections
Intrathecal injections
Which parenteral route has the most immediate drug effect?
Intravenous
What is the route of administration in intrathecal ?
Meninges space
Nitroglycerin for angina pectoris is administrates through which route ?
Sublingual
Which is the major site for drug metabolism?
Liver
What is adverse effect of a drug ?
An unexpected medical problem that happens during a treatment with a drug or other therapy.
What is a receptor?
The target substance that the drug interacts with when it enters the body to produce its effects
What is additive action ?
Combination of two similar drugs is equal to the sum of the effects of each drug.
What is idiosyncrasy?
Unexpected ill effect that may appear in the patient following drug administration
What is synergism?
Combination of two drugs causing an effect greater than the sum of effect of each drug
What is tolerance ?
Effects of given dose of drug diminishes and increasing doses of same drug is required to produce same effect
What is addiction ?
Physiological and psychological dependence on a drug with presence of clear effects when the drug is withdrawn
Pain relievers ?
Analgesics
Example of narcotic analgesics ?
Morphine
Example of non-narcotic analgesics?
NSAID
Eliminates sensation?
Anesthetic
Drugs that kills microorganisms ?
Antibiotics
Difference between anticoagulants and anti platelets
Anticoagulant prevent clotting by affecting clotting factors
Anti platelets reduce the tendency of platelets to stick together and helps in thinning the blood
What is anticonvulsants ?
Prevents or reduces the frequency of convulsions in various types of epilepsy
What are diuretics?
Reduce the volume of blood in the body by promoting the kidney to remove water and salt through urine.
Which drug relieves constipation ?
Cathartics
Which GI drug relieves labrynthitis?
Antinauseants
Which drugs block secretion of Hcl in the stomach ?
Antiulcer drugs
Which drug neutralize hcl in the stomach ?
Antacid
Which endocrine drug is used to reduce inflammation?
Glucocorticoids
Which endocrine drug is used to treat prostate cancer ?
Androgen antagonist
Which endocrine drug is used to prevent recurrence of breast cancer ?
Antiestrogen
Which drug is used to open air passages?
Bronchodilator
Which drugs control anxiety?
Tranquilizer
What type of drug effect does caffeine have?
Cerebral stimulation
Function of sedatives and hypnotics ?
Depress cns
Which drug speed up vital processes ??
Stimulants
Which drug decrease cardiac output ?
Beta blockers
