Derm Flashcards by Hazel Abraham

Integumentary system consists of what organs?

Skin, Accessory organs (hair, Nails), exocrine glands

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Functions of skin

Protection, Sensory, thermoregulation, excretion, homeostasis, storage & production of vitamin D

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3 layers of skin

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

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Outermost layer of skin ?

Epidermis

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Top most layer of epidermis ?

Stratum corneum

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Lowermost layer of epidermis ?

Startup basale/ germinativum

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New cells are formed in which layer of epidermis?

Stratum basale

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Which layer of skin contains cells with concentrations of keratin?

Stratum corneum

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Which layer has horny cells?

Stratum corneum of epidermis

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What protein does horny cells contain?

Keratin

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Melanocytes are found in which layer of skin?

Starting corneum of epidermis.

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Epidermis is made of what type of epithelium?

Stratified squamous epithelium

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What is albinosis?

Incapable of production of melanin.

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Which is the thickest layer of skin?

Dermis

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What is another name for dermis?

Corium

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What protein is dermis predominantly made of?

Fibrous and elastic tissue

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Which layer of skin contains blood vessels?

Dermis.

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Which layer contains sweat glands ?

Dermis.

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Which layer contains hair follicles ?

Dermis.

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How does hair get its colour?

Hair follicles are surrounded by melanocytes. This gives hair the colour.

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What are hair cells made ?

Horny cells.

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Which layer is called hypodermis?

Subcutaneous layer

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Which layer specializes in formation of adipocytes?

Subcutaneous layer

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What is the function of subcutaneous layer?

Insulation and protection of deeper tissue.

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What protein helps the skin from UV?

Melanin in stratum corneum of epidermis.

Parts of finger nails?

Hyponychium, eponychium, paronychium, lunula

What is nail made of?

Keratin

Sweat glands pores are found in which layer ?

Epidermis

Sweatbands are controlled by which part of brain?

Hypothalamus

What is an example of a modified sweat gland ?

Mammary glands

Sweat glands are found predominantly in which parts of the body?

Palm, soles, forehead

What are apocrine glands?

Glands that produce sweat containing fatty materials.

Where are apocrine glands found?

Armpits, genital area.

What are sebaceous glands?

Produce sebum (oil + fat) and debris of dead fat producing cells

Which glands keeps hair and skin water proof?

Sebaceous gland.

What is a lesion?

Pathology of tissue

Sac like pocket of membranous tissue with content.

Cyst

Pilonidal cyst

Hair and skin debris on tailbone

Sebaceous cyst

Keratin or sebum cyst

Another name for sebaceous cyst

Epidermoid cyst

Mushroom like growth

Polyp

Polyp grows on which membrane ?

Mucous membrane

Bed sore is called ?

Decubitus ulcer

maculae

discoloured area of skin less than 1cm

papule

solid/cystic raised spot less than 1 cm

nodules

elevated lesions of 5cm, deeper than a papule

pustule

bulge of skin filled with pus

vesicle

fluid filled sacs. fluid maybe white, yellow or mixed with blood

wheal

allergic swelling with itching or burnin g sensation

petechiae

small pinpoint round red spots on the skin due to micro bleeding.

ecchymoses

larges areas of discolouration of skin due to bruising

purpura

purple spots rash on the skin due to bleeding.

pruritus

itching

leukoderma is also called

achromoderma

what is achromoderma

area of white pigmented skin due to total loss of melanin

urticaria

itchy raised areas due to allergic response of skin

gangrene

death of body tissue

first degree burn affects

epidermis

second degree burn affects

epidermis and parts of dermis

third degree burns

completely destroys epidermis and dermis. also damages underlying bones, muscles and tendons

fourth degree burns

when bones, muscles are also burned

hyperkaratosis

thickening of skin due to deposition of keratin

types of acute hyperkeratosis

corns and calluses

scabies

contagious prurituc skin rash caused by sarcoptus scabiei

ringworm

ring like rash on skin caused by fungus

tinea pedis

athletes foot, is a fungal infection between toes caused by sweat

boil

painful pus filled bump that forms due to bacterial infection of hair follicles

carbuncle

cluster of boils

warts

small non cancerous growth caused by human papillomavirus

shingles caused by ?

varicella zoster virus

cellulitis

bacterial skin infection which is swollen, tender and warm to touch.

impetigo

yellow crust on skin caused by staph infection

hansen's disease

leprosy caused by myobacterium leprae

3 major types of skin cancer

basal cell carcinoma squamous cell carcinoma melanoma

atopic dermatitis

eczema chronic dry, itchy skin rash

contact dermatitis

inflammation of skin due to contact with allergens

seborrheic dermatitis

dandruff

acne vulgaris

blocked hair follicles

acne inversa

hydraadenitis suppurativa inflammation of apocrine glands leading to chronic skin condition forming abscess