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Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Integumentary system consists of what organs?

A

Skin, Accessory organs (hair, Nails), exocrine glands

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2
Q

Functions of skin

A

Protection, Sensory, thermoregulation, excretion, homeostasis, storage & production of vitamin D

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3
Q

3 layers of skin

A

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

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4
Q

Outermost layer of skin ?

A

Epidermis

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5
Q

Top most layer of epidermis ?

A

Stratum corneum

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6
Q

Lowermost layer of epidermis ?

A

Startup basale/ germinativum

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7
Q

New cells are formed in which layer of epidermis?

A

Stratum basale

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8
Q

Which layer of skin contains cells with concentrations of keratin?

A

Stratum corneum

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9
Q

Which layer has horny cells?

A

Stratum corneum of epidermis

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10
Q

What protein does horny cells contain?

A

Keratin

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11
Q

Melanocytes are found in which layer of skin?

A

Starting corneum of epidermis.

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12
Q

Epidermis is made of what type of epithelium?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

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13
Q

What is albinosis?

A

Incapable of production of melanin.

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14
Q

Which is the thickest layer of skin?

A

Dermis

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15
Q

What is another name for dermis?

A

Corium

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16
Q

What protein is dermis predominantly made of?

A

Fibrous and elastic tissue

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17
Q

Which layer of skin contains blood vessels?

A

Dermis.

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18
Q

Which layer contains sweat glands ?

A

Dermis.

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19
Q

Which layer contains hair follicles ?

A

Dermis.

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20
Q

How does hair get its colour?

A

Hair follicles are surrounded by melanocytes. This gives hair the colour.

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21
Q

What are hair cells made ?

A

Horny cells.

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22
Q

Which layer is called hypodermis?

A

Subcutaneous layer

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23
Q

Which layer specializes in formation of adipocytes?

A

Subcutaneous layer

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24
Q

What is the function of subcutaneous layer?

A

Insulation and protection of deeper tissue.

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25
Q

What protein helps the skin from UV?

A

Melanin in stratum corneum of epidermis.

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26
Q

Parts of finger nails?

A

Hyponychium, eponychium, paronychium, lunula

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27
Q

What is nail made of?

A

Keratin

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28
Q

Sweat glands pores are found in which layer ?

A

Epidermis

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29
Q

Sweatbands are controlled by which part of brain?

A

Hypothalamus

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30
Q

What is an example of a modified sweat gland ?

A

Mammary glands

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31
Q

Sweat glands are found predominantly in which parts of the body?

A

Palm, soles, forehead

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32
Q

What are apocrine glands?

A

Glands that produce sweat containing fatty materials.

33
Q

Where are apocrine glands found?

A

Armpits, genital area.

34
Q

What are sebaceous glands?

A

Produce sebum (oil + fat) and debris of dead fat producing cells

35
Q

Which glands keeps hair and skin water proof?

A

Sebaceous gland.

36
Q

What is a lesion?

A

Pathology of tissue

37
Q

Sac like pocket of membranous tissue with content.

38
Q

Pilonidal cyst

A

Hair and skin debris on tailbone

39
Q

Sebaceous cyst

A

Keratin or sebum cyst

40
Q

Another name for sebaceous cyst

A

Epidermoid cyst

41
Q

Mushroom like growth

42
Q

Polyp grows on which membrane ?

A

Mucous membrane

43
Q

Bed sore is called ?

A

Decubitus ulcer

44
Q

maculae

A

discoloured area of skin less than 1cm

45
Q

papule

A

solid/cystic raised spot less than 1 cm

46
Q

nodules

A

elevated lesions of 5cm, deeper than a papule

47
Q

pustule

A

bulge of skin filled with pus

48
Q

vesicle

A

fluid filled sacs. fluid maybe white, yellow or mixed with blood

49
Q

wheal

A

allergic swelling with itching or burnin g sensation

50
Q

petechiae

A

small pinpoint round red spots on the skin due to micro bleeding.

51
Q

ecchymoses

A

larges areas of discolouration of skin due to bruising

52
Q

purpura

A

purple spots rash on the skin due to bleeding.

53
Q

pruritus

54
Q

leukoderma is also called

A

achromoderma

55
Q

what is achromoderma

A

area of white pigmented skin due to total loss of melanin

56
Q

urticaria

A

itchy raised areas due to allergic response of skin

57
Q

gangrene

A

death of body tissue

58
Q

first degree burn affects

58
Q

second degree burn affects

A

epidermis and parts of dermis

59
Q

third degree burns

A

completely destroys epidermis and dermis. also damages underlying bones, muscles and tendons

60
Q

fourth degree burns

A

when bones, muscles are also burned

61
Q

hyperkaratosis

A

thickening of skin due to deposition of keratin

62
Q

types of acute hyperkeratosis

A

corns and calluses

63
Q

scabies

A

contagious prurituc skin rash caused by sarcoptus scabiei

64
Q

ringworm

A

ring like rash on skin caused by fungus

65
Q

tinea pedis

A

athletes foot, is a fungal infection between toes caused by sweat

66
Q

boil

A

painful pus filled bump that forms due to bacterial infection of hair follicles

67
Q

carbuncle

A

cluster of boils

68
Q

warts

A

small non cancerous growth caused by human papillomavirus

69
Q

shingles caused by ?

A

varicella zoster virus

70
Q

cellulitis

A

bacterial skin infection which is swollen, tender and warm to touch.

71
Q

impetigo

A

yellow crust on skin caused by staph infection

72
Q

hansen’s disease

A

leprosy
caused by myobacterium leprae

73
Q

3 major types of skin cancer

A

basal cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
melanoma

74
Q

atopic dermatitis

A

eczema
chronic dry, itchy skin rash

75
Q

contact dermatitis

A

inflammation of skin due to contact with allergens

76
Q

seborrheic dermatitis

77
Q

acne vulgaris

A

blocked hair follicles

78
Q

acne inversa

A

hydraadenitis suppurativa
inflammation of apocrine glands leading to chronic skin condition forming abscess

ASAP (19 decks)

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