MSK Flashcards
Muscle strain and ligament sprain
Stretching or tearing of a muscle or the tissue connecting the muscles to the bone
Myasthenia gravis
Loss of muscle function due to failure in transmission of nerve impulses
Muscular dystrophy
Group of genetic disorders that cause muscle weakness and atrophy of muscle
Types of spine deformity
Kyphosis
Lordosis
Scoliosis
Kyphosis
Upper back curves forward
Lordosis
Lower back curves forward
Scoliosis
Spine curve sto the left or the right
Osteoma
New piece of bone usually growing on another piece of bone
Osteoma typically grows on which bone ?
Skull
When bone grows on another bone, it is called ?
Homoplastic Osteoma
When bone groups on tissues other that bone, it is called ?
Heteroplastic osteoma
Osteosarcoma
Cancer of long bones
Typically in youngster
Ewing sarcoma
Cancer of the particular cartilage
Typically in children
Types of fractures
Open - with open wound
Closed - no open wound
Pathological - disease of the bone
Colles fracture
Fracture of distal radius. Bone bends backward
Comminuted fracture
Bone is broken into smaller pieces
Most common site of comminuted fracture
Humerous
Compression fracture
fractures when the bones loses its mass and compresses
Mostly in vertebrae
Green stick fracture
Bone bends as much as possible and then partially broken
Occurs in children
Impacted fracture
Pressure on both sides of the bone and the medial part is jammed
Osteoporosis
Decrease in bone density
Type of compression fracture
Mostly seen in woman after menopause
Extosis
Extra bone growth
Due to less osteoclast
Articular fat pads
Adipose tissue that protects the articular cartilage
Menisci
Fibroblasts pads between opposing surfaces in a joint
Bursae
Saclike structures of synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid to alleviate friction in joints
Tendons
Connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
Ligament
Connects bone to bone
Knee arthroplasty
Surgical repair of knee joint
Arthritis
Joint inflammation
Rheumatoid arthritis
Autoimmune disease of joints in ties and fingers
Osteoarthritis
Join degeneration, loss of articular cartilage
Bone spurs
Gouty arthritis
Arthritis of joints due to excess uruc acid levels
Podagra
Gouty arthritis of big toe
Ankylosing spondylitis
Joint inflammation of the spine
Immovable joints ( synaryhrosis )
Skull
Amphiarthrosis
Limited movement and of joints
Vertebra
Diarthrosis
Freely movable joints
Saddle joint
Opposite surfaces of the joint are concave and convex
Heels, thumb, ear ossicles
Condyloid joints
Joints with ovoid articulation surface
Metacarpal and phalanx
Pivot joint
Joint that allows rotation in a single axis
Atlantoaxial
Hinge joint
Joints that permits motion In one plane only
Ankle , elbow
Ball and socket joint
One side is ball shaped, other is cup shaped.
Freely movable joint
Shoulders
Plane joint
Joints that glides
Wrists
Synovial joints
Joint that are not directly connected to each other but through synovial cavity
What is ossification ?
Process of bone formation
What are the types of bone cells ?
Osteoblast
Osteocyte
Osteoclast
Osteogenic cells
