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SFIDC > Pharmacological Profile > Flashcards

Pharmacological Profile Flashcards

1
Q

what are classes of psychotherapeutic

A

Sedatives and Hypnotics

Antianxiety Drugs

Antidepressants

Antipsychotic

CNS Stimulants

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2
Q

what class of drug cause a dose-dependent depression of the Central Nervous System

A

Sedatives and Hypnotics

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3
Q

what drug class depress the sensory cortex, decrease motor activity, alter cerebellar function, and produce drowsiness, sedation, and hypnosis. In

A

Sedatives and Hypnotics

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4
Q

what drug classification is contraindicated with a a Hypersensitivity to phenobarbital, barbiturates or any component of the formulation;

A

Sedatives and Hypnotics

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5
Q

antianxiety drugs can be subdivided into

A

Benzodiazepines

Non- Benzodiazepines

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6
Q

Benzodiazapine Bind to what specific benzodiazepine receptors which enhances the binding of this inhibitory neurotransmitter.

A

GABA receptor complex,

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7
Q

do Benzodiazepine have analgesic properties.

A

No

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8
Q

non benzodiazepines antianxiety act on what

A

the brain’s dopamine and serotonin receptors.

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9
Q

what are counterindications of antianxiety medicaations

A

Do not use with patients who are

comatose

have pre- existing CNS depression.

uncontrolled severe pain

pregnancy or lactation

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10
Q

what are examples of Benzodiazepines

A

Alprazolam: Xanax

Diazepam: Valium

Lorazepam: Ativan

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11
Q

what are examples of Non- Benzo

A

Buspirone hydrochloride: Bu Spar

Hydroxyzine: Atarax

Sertraline (SSRI): May be used long term.

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12
Q

what are the classes of antidepressants

A

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI)

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)

Serotonin Reuptake inhibitor/Antagonist

Dopamine/Norepinephrine-Reuptake Inhibitor

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13
Q 
what antidepressant class works by Increase levels of norepinephrine and serotonin by inhibiting their
reuptake and blocking the action of acetylcholine.
A

Tricyclic antidepressants TCA

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14
Q

what antidepressant class works by Inhibits the activity of Monoamine oxidase resulting in increased endogenous neuro-hormones.

A

MAOI

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15
Q

what antidepressant class works to Increasing serotonin by inhibiting neuronal uptake to CNS.

A

Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors SSRI

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16
Q

antidepressant drugs can be used for

A

Depressive symptoms,
Anxiety
Obsessive Compulsion Disorder,
Smoking cessation: (Bupriopion-wellbutrin

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17
Q

delete

A

delete

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18
Q

delete

A

delete

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19
Q

delete

A

delete

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20
Q

TCA should be administered within how many days of MAOI

A

14 days

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21
Q

delete

A

delete

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22
Q

how long do antidepressants take to work

A

4-6 weeks

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23
Q

antidepressants should not be taken with what plant

A

St. johns wort

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24
Q

what medication Block dopamine receptors in the brain; also alter dopamine release and turnover.

A

Antipsychotic

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25
Q

antipsychotics are broken into what classifications

A

“typical” (1st Generation)

“atypical” (2nd Generation)

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26
Q

what classification of antipsychotics have fewer side effects

A

“atypical” (2nd Generation)

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27
Q

Amphetamines and Anorexiants fall in what drug classification

A

CNS Stimulants

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28
Q

what drug classification Produce CNS stimulation by increasing levels of neurotransmitters in the CNS.

A

CNS Stimulants

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29
Q

what drug classification Reduction of excitability of the neurons of the brain

A

Anticonvulsants

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30
Q

delete

A

delete

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31
Q

what drug classification act on the chemoreceptor trigger zone to inhibit nausea and vomiting by depressing the sensitivity of the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear.

A

Anti-emetic

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32
Q

Anti-emetic are used for what

A

Antiemetic: Prophylaxis or treatment of nausea or vomiting.

Antivertigo: Treatment of vertigo

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33
Q

what drug classification inhibiting transport of ions

across neuronal membranes, thereby preventing initiation and conduction of normal nerve impulses.

A

Anesthetic

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34
Q

what antagonist medication dissociates the pt from surroundings

A

ketamine

35
Q

ketamine usually increases what vitals

A

BP
HR
Cardiac output (CO)

36
Q

how does ketamine produce analgesia

A

excites opioid receptors within the insular cortex, putamen, and thalamus

37
Q

IM ketamine take anesthetic effect within how many minutes

A

3 to 4 minutes

38
Q

Local anesthetics are utilized when

A

prior to minor painful procedures

Induction of General or Regional Anesthetic

39
Q

what are adverse reactions of ketamine

A

increase HR and BP

Prolonged emergence from anesthesia

increases the risk of laryngospasm

40
Q

what is the dose of ketamine for:

IM pain control

Analgesia

Induction

A

20-40 mg IM.

10-20mg IV

1-2 mg/kg IV

41
Q

what is the intravenous (IV) induction drug of choice

A

Propofol

42
Q

what are the four types of analgesics

A

Salicylate

Non-salicylate

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS)

Urinary Analgesics

43
Q 
what drug class Inhibition of prostaglandins, dilates peripheral blood vessels (cools body),
prolong bleeding by inhibiting aggregation of platelets
A

Salicylates

44
Q

an example of Salicylates medication is

A

aspirin

45
Q

Analgesic and antipyretic is what type of drug class

A

Non-Salicylate

46
Q

what are example non salicylate medication

A

Acetaminophen

Benzocaine-Menthol

47
Q

what drug classification works to Inhibit the action of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX-1 & COX-2
(Nonselective) or Cox 2 -Selective) which is responsible for prostaglandin synthesis

A

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDS)

48
Q

what are examples of NSAIDS:

A 
Ibuprofen
Indomethacin
Ketorolac:
Naproxen:
Celecoxib
Meloxicam
49
Q 
what medication class is a topical bladder and urethral anesthetic and analgesic through
an unknown mechanism.
A

Urinary Anesthetic/Analgesic

50
Q

what is a urinary anesthetic analgesic medication

A

Phenazopyridine

51
Q

what class drug class bind to opiate receptors in the CNS, where they act as agonists of endogenously occurring opioid peptides (endorphins). The result is alteration to the perception of and response to pain and is used for the management be to moderate to sever pain

A

Narcotic Analgesics

52
Q

what are examples of Narcotic Analgesics medication s

A 
Partial Agonist
Codeine
Fentanyl
Hydromorphone
Methadone
Morphine sulfate
Oxycodone
Hydrocodone
53
Q

what classification of drug is a an opioid antagonist is a receptor antagonist that acts on opioid receptors. and is used for narcotic overdose

A

Narcotic Antagonist

54
Q

what is a medication example of Narcotic Antagonist dug

A

Naloxone

55
Q

what class of drug is used to treat allergic reactions

A

H1 antihistamines

56
Q

what class of drug is used to treat gastric acid conditions

A

H2 antihistamines

57
Q

what are examples of 1st generation antihistamines

A

Diphenhydramine:
Hydroxyzine
Promethazine:

58
Q

what are examples of 2nd generation antihistamines

A

Cetirizine HCL
Fexofenadine
Loratadine

59
Q

what medication class is used to treat Common cold, hay fever or upper respiratory allergies, sinus congestion, and pressure. by reducing swelling of nasal passages and enhancing drainage of sinuses

A

Decongestant

60
Q

what are examples of decongestants

A

Oxymetazoline HCL:
Pseudoephedrine
Phenylephrine

61
Q

what class of drug Release stimulants and reuptake inhibitors that increase the levels of endogenous catecholamine’s.

and is used to Reversible Airway Obstruction caused by bronchospasm due to bronchial asthma, exercise-induced bronchospasm, bronchitis, emphysema, and other Obstructive pulmonary disease

A

Beta² Agonists

62
Q

what are Beta² Agonists drugs used for

A

Reversible Airway Obstruction caused by bronchospasm due to bronchial asthma, exercise-induced bronchospasm, bronchitis, emphysema, and other Obstructive pulmonary disease.

63
Q

what are examples of Beta² Agonists drugs

A

Albuterol sulfate:

Levalbuterol HCL:

64
Q

what drug classification Antagonizes acetylcholine receptors, producing bronchodilation

A

Muscarinic Antagonists

65
Q

what class of drugs is used for Symptomatic relief or prevention of bronchial asthma and the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

A

Muscarinic Antagonists used for

66
Q

what class of drug works on Antagonizes acetylcholine receptors, producing bronchodilation.

A

Muscarinic Antagonists

67
Q

what Muscarinic Antagonists drugs

A

Ipratropium

Tiotropium:

68
Q

what are Broncho constrictive substance released by the body during inflammation.

A

Leukotriene

69
Q

what class of drug is used to Inhibit the release of substances that cause bronchoconstriction and inflammation from the mast cells in the respiratory tract

A

Mast Cell Stabilizer:

70
Q

what are examples of mast cell stabilizer

A

Cromolyn

71
Q

what are examples of Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist:

A

Montelukast

72
Q 
what class of drug Produce profound and varied metabolic effects, in addition to modifying the
normal immune response and suppressing inflammation

Decrease inflammatory process in the airway through inhibiting multiple
different inflammatory cytokines.

A

Inhaled Corticosteroids

73
Q 
what class of drug is used in the chronic management of reversible airway
disease (asthma); intranasal and ophthalmic corticosteroids are used in the
management of chronic allergic and inflammatory conditions.
A

Inhalant corticosteroids

74
Q

Normal BP is what range

A

less than 120/80

75
Q

elevated blood pressure range is

A

120-129/80

76
Q

elevated blood pressure stage 1 range is

A

130-139 / 80-89

77
Q

elevated blood pressure stage 1 range is

A

greater than 140/90

78
Q

what are the steps care regiment 1

A

life style change

79
Q

what are the steps care regiment 2

A

the Use of 1 medication

Thiazide Diuretic, ACE-I, ARB, or CCB

80
Q

what are the steps care regiment 3

A

Increase dose of drugs or combine two drugs.

81
Q

what are the steps care regiment 4

A

Combine 2-3 of Step 3

82
Q

Consider using ARB instead of an ACE-I in what demographic, why

A

African American

increased risk of angioedema

83
Q 
what class of drug Lower blood pressure by dilating or increasing the size of the arterial blood
vessels.
A

(Angiotensin-converting Enzyme) ACE Inhibitors

ARBs

84
Q

what are examples of ACE-Inhibitors and ARB

A

ACE-I

End in “PRI”

Lisinopril
Captopril
Enalapril
Ramipril

ARB

End in “rtan”

Losartan
Telmisartan

SFIDC (50 decks)

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