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House Pharmacology > Pharmacogenomics > Flashcards

Pharmacogenomics Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacogenomics: Study of _____ influence on ________, often using _________ data

A

genomic

drug response

high-throughput

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2
Q

Pharmacogenomics high thoroughput data uses COMPLEX interactions such as _______,_______,_______,_______

A

sequencing, SNP chip, expression, proteomics

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3
Q

Pharmacogenetics: Study of __________, usually ________________ on a drug
response

A

individual gene-drug interactions

one or two genes that have dominant effect

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4
Q

Pharmacogenetics uses complex or simple relationship ?

A

SIMPLE relationship

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5
Q

The Human Genome Project (HGP)

Was a _______________ program whose goal was the ___________________

A

Collaborative research

complete mapping and understanding of all the genes of human beings

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6
Q

The Human Genome Project (HGP)

Project started in _____

Project completed in _____

Revealed about _______ human genes

A

1984

2003

20,500

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7
Q

Typical Pharmacogenetic Traits

Insufficient _________ leads to slow inactivation of isoniazid , dapsone

And is seen in more (caucasians or Africans?)

A

N-acetylase transferase (NAT 2)

Caucasians

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8
Q

Typical Pharmacogenetic Traits

Insufficient __________ leads to Prolonged respiratory paralysis on exposure to suxamethonium

Found in 1 in _______ ———-

A

Serum Pseudocholinesterase

2000

Caucasians

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9
Q

Typical Pharmacogenetic Traits

Insufficient ____________ leads to Hemolysis (anemia) from antimalarials

Found in 1 in 100 _____

A

Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) 

African Americans

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10
Q

Typical Pharmacogenetic Traits

Insufficient __________ levels leads to Bone marrow toxicity from thiopurine, mercaptopurine

A

Thiopurine methyl transferase (TPMT)

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11
Q

CYP families in humans

Humans have _______ genes
Divided among ____ families of cytochrome P450

A

57

18

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12
Q

CYP450 family

______,____,____,_____,_____,____, and _____ are responsible for metabolizing most
clinically important drugs

A

CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9 ,CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A4

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13
Q

Which CYP enzymes work on caffeine

A

1A1
1A2
2E1
3A4

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14
Q

Which CYP enzymes work on acetaminophen

A

1A2
2C
2E1
2D6
3A4

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15
Q

Which CYP enzymes work on warfarin

A

1A1
1A2
2C
3A4

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16
Q

Which CYP enzymes work on cyclophosphamide

A

2B6
3A4

17
Q

Which CYP enzymes work on testosterone

A

1A1
2A6
2C
3A4

18
Q

Thiotepa

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inhibitor

19
Q

Fluoxetine

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inhibitor

20
Q

Paroxetine

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inhibitor

21
Q

Disulphiram

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inhibitor

22
Q

Ethanol

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inducer

23
Q

Dexamethasone

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inducer

24
Q

Glucocorticoid

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inducer

25
Q

Prednisone

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inducer

26
Q

Tobacco smoke

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inducer

27
Q

Phenobarbital

Inducer or inhibitor

A

Inducer

28
Q

Tricyclic antidepressants decrease ________ and a consequent (rise or fall?) in ______ levels in cleft

A

serotonin reuptake

Rise

serotonin

29
Q

Selections of antidepressant drugs are largely based on _______

A

trial and error

30
Q

Response rates of antidepressants are (low or high?) , with less than one- third of patients achieving adequate response after 4 to 6 weeks of treatment

A

Low

31
Q

CYP_____ is the most investigated CYP enzyme with regards to antidepressant pharmacogenomics

A

2D6

32
Q

Codeine

it must be metabolized into _____ for activity

A

morphine

33
Q

codeine is an active drug

T/F

A

F

codeine is a prodrug

34
Q

Codeine

Cytochrome P450 allele _______ is the metabolizing enzyme in the liver

A

CYP2D6

35
Q

7% of (Africans or Caucasians?) are defficient in CYP2D6 gene

codeine does not work effectively in these individuals

T/F

A

Caucasians

T

36
Q

Tamoxifen

Active or inactive

A

Inactive

37
Q

Tamoxifen

Needs to be converted to ______ to be active

Catalyzed by _______

A

endoxifen

CYP2D6

38
Q

Limitations of pharmacogenomics

The _______ and ______ to Genomic Technologies

Concerns about the ________ of _______

A

Cost Factor and Access

confidentiality of genetic information

39
Q

Limitations of pharmacogenomics

Concerns about the confidentiality of genetic information

Employer could ____________________

____________________ company

A

get the results of a genetic test that showed whether you are more likely to get sick in the future

Health insurance

House Pharmacology (50 decks)

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