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Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Km is

A

inversely related to the affinity

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2
Q

Vmax is

A

Directly proportional to enzyme concentration

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3
Q

Increase y-intercept on Lineweaver-Burk plot means

A

Decrease in Vmax

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4
Q

Competitive inhibiotrs do what on a Lineweaver-Burk plot

A

Bring Km closer to 0

No change to Vmax (y-intercept)

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5
Q

Bioavailability (F)=

A

AUCo / AUCIV

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6
Q

Volume of distribution (Vd) =

A

Dose / [P]

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7
Q

Drug with low Vd found in

A

Blood

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8
Q

Drug with medium Vd found in

A

ECF

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9
Q

Drug with High Vd found in

A

All tissues

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10
Q

t1/2=

A

[0.7 X Vd] / Cl

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11
Q

Cl=

A

Rate of elimination / [P]

Vd X K

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12
Q

Loading dose=

A

[Cp x Vd] / F

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13
Q

Maintenance dose=

A

[Cp x Cl x τ] / F

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14
Q

Zero PEAs for me

A

Drugs with zero order of elimination

  • Phenytoin
  • Ethanol
  • Asprin
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15
Q

Phase 1 drug metabolism

A
  1. Reduction
  2. Oxidation
  3. Hydrolysis with P-450
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16
Q

Phase 2 drug metabolism

A
  1. Glucuronidation
  2. Acetylation
  3. Sulfation
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17
Q

Efficacy is

A

Maximal effect a drug can produce

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18
Q

Potency is

A

Amount of drug needed for a given effect

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19
Q

α1 major functions

A
  • Gq
  • Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction
  • Increase pupillary dilator muslce contraction (Mydriasis)
  • Increase intestinal and bladder sphincter muscle contraction
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20
Q

α2 major function

A
  • Gi
  • Decrease symathetic outflow
  • Decrease insulin release
  • Decrease lipolysis
  • Increase Platelet aggregation
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21
Q

Hemicholinium action

A

Inhibits Choline uptake

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22
Q

Vesamicol action

A

Inhibits ACh storage

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23
Q

Botulinum action

A

Inhibit ACh release

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24
Q

Metyrosine action

A

Inhibit formation of DOPA from Tyrosine

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25
Q

Reserpine action

A

Inhibit storage of NE

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26
Q

Bretylium action

A

Inhibits release of NE

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27
Q

Amphetamine action

A

Increase release of NE

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28
Q

Cocaine and TCA action

A

Inhibit reuptake of NE

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29
Q

Cholinomimetic direct agonists

A
  1. Bethanechol
  2. Carbachol
  3. Pilocarpine
  4. Methacholine
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30
Q

Bethanechol clinical use

A
  1. Post-op ileus
  2. Neurologenic ileu
  3. Urinary retention
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31
Q

Pilocarpine used for

A

Open-angle and closed-angle glaucoma

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32
Q

Methacholine used for

A

Challenge test for diagnosis of asthma

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33
Q

Anticholinesterases (7)

A
  1. Neostigmine
  2. Pyridostigmine
  3. Physostigmine
  4. Donepezil
  5. Rivastigmine
  6. Galantamine
  7. Edrophonium
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34
Q

Neostigmine used for

A
  1. Post-op and neurogenic ileus
  2. Urinary retention
  3. Myasthenia gravis
  4. Reversal of NMJ block
35
Q

Long acting drug for Myasthenia gravis

A

Pyridostigmine

36
Q

Used for Atropine overdose

A

Physostigmine

37
Q

DRG for Alzheimers

A

Donepezil

Rivastigmine

Galantamine

38
Q

Muscarinic antagonist used for Parkinson disease

A

Benztropine

39
Q

Muscarinc antagonist used for COPD and asthma

A

Ipratropium

Tiotropium

40
Q

Muscarinic antagonist used to reduce urgency and reduce bladder spasms

A

Oxybutynin

Darifenacin

Solifenacin

41
Q

Isproterenol action

A

β1=β2 direct sympathomimetic

42
Q

Phenylephrine action

A

α1>α2 direct sympathomimetic

43
Q

What direct sympathomimetic is used for long-term asthma or COPD

A

Salmeterol

44
Q

What direct sympathomimetic used to reduce premature uterine contraction

A

Terbutaline

45
Q

Nonselective α blocker

A

Phenoxybenzamine (irreversible)

Phentolamine (reversible)

46
Q

What is the treatment for Pheochromocytoma

A

Phenoxybenzamine

47
Q

α2 selective blocker

A

Mirtazapine used for depression

48
Q

β-blockers used for MI

A
  1. Metoprolol
  2. Carvedilol
  3. Bisoprolol
49
Q

β-blocker used for Glaucoma

50
Q

β-blocker used for SVT

A

Metoprolol

Esmolol

51
Q

Nonselective α and β antagonist

A

Carvedilol

Labetalol

52
Q

Partial β-agonist

A

Acebutolol

Pindolol

53
Q

VANC causes cutaneous flushing

A
  • Vancomycin
  • Adenosine
  • Niacin
  • Ca channel blockers
54
Q

Drugs causing Torsades

A
  1. Class 3 and Class 1A antiarrhythmics
  2. macrolide
  3. Antipsychotics
  4. TCA
55
Q

Drugs causing Hyperglycemia (6)

A
  1. Tacrolimus
  2. Protease inhibitor
  3. Niacin
  4. HCTZ
  5. β-blockers
  6. Corticosteroids
56
Q

Drugs that Might Excite Colon On Accident

A
  • Metformin
  • Erythromycin
  • Colchicine
  • Orlistat
  • Acarbose
57
Q

Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress causes Pancreatitis

A
  • Didanosine
  • Corticosteroids
  • Alcohol
  • Valproic acid
  • Azathioprine
  • Diuretics
58
Q

What drugs cause Agranulocytosis (6)

A
  1. Dapsone
  2. Clozapine
  3. Carbamazepine
  4. Colchicine
  5. Methimazole
  6. Propylthiouracil
59
Q

What drugs cause Aplastic anemia (6)

A
  1. Carbamazepine
  2. Methimazole
  3. NSAIDs
  4. Benzene
  5. Chloramphenicol
  6. Propylthiouracil
60
Q

Drugs causing Hemolysis in G6PD deficiency

IS D PAIN

A
  1. INH
  2. Sulfonamide
  3. Dapsone
  4. Primaquine
  5. Asprin
  6. Ibuprofen
  7. Nitrofurantoin
61
Q

Drugs causing Megaloblastic anemia

A

Phenytoin

Methotrexate

Sulfa drugs

62
Q

Drugs cuasing gout (5)

A
  1. Pyrazinamide
  2. Thiazide
  3. Furosemide
  4. Niacin
  5. Cyclosporine
63
Q

Drugs causing photosensitivity

A
  1. Sulfonamide
  2. Amiodarone
  3. Tetracyclines
  4. 5-FU
64
Q

Drugs causing SLE-like syndrome

SHIPPE-E

A
  • Sulfa
  • Hydralazine
  • INH
  • Procainamide
  • Phenytoin
  • Etanercept
65
Q

Drugs causing Seizures (6)

A
  1. INH
  2. Bupropion
  3. Impenem/cilastatin
  4. Tramadol
  5. Enflurane
  6. Metoclopramide
66
Q

Chronic Alcoholic Mona Steals Phen-Phen and Never Refuses Greasy Carbs are P-450 inducers

A
  1. Chronic alcohol
  2. Modafinil
  3. St. John’s wort
  4. Phenytoin
  5. Phenobarbital
  6. Nevirapine
  7. Rifampin
  8. Griseofluvin
  9. Carbamazepine
67
Q

A cute Gentileman Cipped Iced Grapefruit juice Quickly And Kept Munching on Soft Cinammon Rolls are P-450 inhibitors

A
  1. Acute alcohol
  2. Gemfibrozil
  3. Ciprofloxacin
  4. Isoniazid
  5. Grapefruit juice
  6. Quinidine
  7. Amiodarone
  8. Ketoconazole
  9. Macrolides
  10. Sulfonamides
  11. Cimetidine
  12. Ritonavir
68
Q

Sulfa drugs (8)

A
  1. Probenecid
  2. Furosemide
  3. Acetazolamide
  4. Celecoxib
  5. Thiazide
  6. Sulfonamide
  7. Sulfasalazine
  8. Sulfonylurea
69
Q

-bendazole are

A

Antiparasitic/antihelmintic

70
Q

-ivir are

A

Neuraminidase inhibitor

71
Q

-navir are

A

Protease inhibitor

72
Q

-ovir are

A

DNA polymerase inhibitor

73
Q

-ane are

A

Inhalational general anesthetic

74
Q

-azine are

A

Typical antipsychotic

75
Q

-etine are

76
Q

-ipramine are

77
Q

-triptan are

A

seratonin agonist

78
Q

-triptyline are

79
Q

-afil are

A

PDE-5 inhibitor

80
Q

-sartan are

A

Angiotensin-2 receptor blocker

81
Q

-dronate are

A

Bisphosphonate

82
Q

-glitazone are

A

PPAR-γ activator

83
Q

-prost are

A

Prostaglandin analog

84
Q

-tidine are

A

H2-antagonists

First Aid (16 decks)

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