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First Aid > Musculoskeletal, Skin and CT > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal, Skin and CT Flashcards

1
Q

McMurray test with pain on external rotation

A

Medial meniscus damage

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2
Q

McMurray test with pain on internal rotation

A

Lateral meniscus damage

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3
Q

Pudendal nerve block located

A

Ischial spine

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4
Q

Lumbar puncture location

A

Iliac crest

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5
Q

Supraspinatus action

A

Abducts arm initially

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6
Q

Most common muscle in rotator cuff injury

A

Supraspinatus

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7
Q

Infraspinatus action

A

Laterally rotates arm

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8
Q

Teres minor action

A

Adducts and laterally rotates arm

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9
Q

Subscapularis action

A

Medially rotates and adducts arm

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10
Q

All muscles of rotator cuff inervated by Suprascapular N except

A

Teres minor innervated by Axillary N.

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11
Q

So Long To Pinky

Here Comes The Thumb

A
  • Scaphoid
  • Lunate
  • Triquetrum
  • Pisiform
  • Hamate
  • Capitate
  • Trapezoid
  • Trapezium
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12
Q

Fractured surgical neck of humerus or anterior dislocation of humerus damages what N

A

Axillary

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13
Q

What causes an injury to Obturator N (L2-L4)

A

Pelvic surgery

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14
Q

What causes an injurty to Femoral N (L2-L4)

A

Pelvic fracture

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15
Q

Common peroneal N damage presentation

A

Foot drop: Inverted and plantarflexed at rest

Loss of eversion and dorsiflexion

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16
Q

What causes an injury to Superior gluteal

A

Posterior hip dislocation

Polio

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17
Q

Osteopetrosis is

A

Failure of normal bone resportion due to defective osteoclasts causing thickened, dense bones that are prone to fractures

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18
Q

Giant cell tumor location

A

Epiphyseal end of long bone

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19
Q

Giant cell tumor appearance

A

Soap-bubble

Multinucleated giant cells

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20
Q

Osteosarcoma is located

A

Metaphysis of long bone around knee

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21
Q

Ewing sarcoma locateion

A

Diaphysis of long bones, pelvis, scapula and rib

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22
Q

Ewing sarcoma appearance

A

Onion skin

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23
Q

Heberden nodes are

A

Osteophyte on DIP

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24
Q

Bouchard nodes are

A

Osteophyte on PIP

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25
Q

Pannus formation forms in

A

MCP and PIP in RA

26
Q

Findings in Sjögren syndrome (4)

A
  1. Xerophthalmia
  2. Xerostomia
  3. SS-A (anti-Ro) and/or SS-B (anti-La)
  4. Bilateral parotid enlargement
27
Q

Disorders predisposing for Gout (3)

A
  1. Lesch-Nyhan
  2. PRPP
  3. von Gierke
28
Q

Acute Gout treatment (3)

A
  1. NSAIDs (Indomethacin)
  2. Glucocorticoids
  3. Colchicine
29
Q

Chronic Gout treatment (2)

A
  1. Allopurinol
  2. Febuxostat
30
Q

Diseases associated with pseudogout (3)

A
  1. Hemochromatosis
  2. Hyperparathyroidism
  3. Hypoparathyroidism
31
Q

Pencil-in-cup deformity on x-ray seen in

A

Psoriatic arthritis

32
Q

SLE and RASH OR PAIN

A
  • Rash
  • Arthritis
  • Soft tissues/serositis
  • Hematologic disorders
  • Oral/nasopharyngeal ulcers
  • Renal disease, Raynauld
  • Photosensitivity, Positive VDRL/RPR
  • ANA
  • Immunosuppressants
  • Neurologic disorders
33
Q

Sarcoidosis is

A

Immune-mediated, widespread noncaseating granulomas with elevated serum ACE levels

34
Q

Sarcoidosis on x-ray shows

A

Bilateral hilar adenopathy and/or reticular opacities

35
Q

Polymyalagia rheumatica symptoms

A

Pain and stiffness in shoulders and hips with fever, malaise and weight loss

Associated with Temporal arteritis

36
Q

Polymyositis is

A

Progressive symmetric proximal muscle weakness chx by endomysial inflammaiton with CD8 T-cels

37
Q

Dermatomyositis T-cell

A

CD4

38
Q

Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis findings (5)

A
  1. Increase CK
  2. ANA
  3. Anti-Jo-1
  4. Anti-SRP
  5. Anti-Mi-2
39
Q

Hyperkeratosis is

A

Increased thickness of stratum corneum

40
Q

Hyperkeratosis seen in

A

Psoriasis

Calluses

41
Q

Parakeratosis is

A

Hyperkeratosis with retention of nuclei in stratum corneum

42
Q

Parakeratosis seen in

A

Psoriasis

43
Q

Spongiosis is

A

Epidermal accumulation of edematous fluid in intercellular spaces

44
Q

Spongiosis is seen in

A

Eczematous dermatitis

45
Q

Acantholysis seen in

A

Pemphigus vulgaris

46
Q

Acantholysis is

A

Seperation of epidermal cells

47
Q

Seborrheic keratosis is

A

Flat, greasy, pigmented squamous epithelial proliferation with keratin-filled cysts (horn cysts)

Common benign neoplasm of older person

48
Q

Dermatitis herpetiformis is

A

Pruritic papules, vesicles and bullae due to IgA deposits seen in Celiac

49
Q

Erythema multiforme associated with

A
  1. Infections:
    1. Mycoplasma
    2. Pneumoniae
    3. HSV
  2. Drugs:
    1. Sulfa drugs
    2. β-lacatm
    3. Phenytoin
  3. Cancer
  4. Autoimmune
50
Q

Erythema multiforme presents with

A
  1. Multiple lesions:
    1. Macules
    2. Papules
    3. Vesicles
    4. Target lesions
51
Q

Stevens-Johnson syndrome characterized by

A
  1. Fever
  2. Bulla
  3. necrosis
  4. Sloughing of skin
  5. High mortality
52
Q

Premalignant lesions caused by sun exposure that increases risk of squamous cell carcinoma is

A

Actinic keratosis

53
Q

Actinic keratosis presents as

A

Small, rough, erythematous or brownish papules and plaques

54
Q

Erythema nodosum is

A

Painful inflammatory lesions of subcutaneous fat usually on anterior shin

55
Q

Erythema nodosum associated with (7)

A
  1. Sarcoidosis
  2. Coccidioidomycosis
  3. Histoplasmosis
  4. TB
  5. Strep
  6. Leprosy
  7. Crohn
56
Q

-dronates are

A

Bisphosphonates that inhibit oseoclast activity

57
Q

Bisophosphonate toxicity

A

Corrosive esophagitis

Osteonecrosis of jaw

58
Q

Allopurinol inhibits

A

Xanthine oxidase

59
Q

Febuxostat inhibits

A

Xanthine oxidase

60
Q

Probenecid inhibits

A

Reabsorption of uric acid in PCT

61
Q

Colchicine mechanism of action

A

Binds and stabilizes tubulin to inhibit microtubule polymerization therefore impairing leukocyte chemotaxis and degranulation

First Aid (16 decks)

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