Pharm 13 Ethanol

Question 1

Alcohol Metabolites:
1st
2nd

Answer 1

Acetaldehyde (toxic)

Acetate

Question 2

Both alcohol metabolism steps generate

Answer 2

NADH (reducing equivalents)

Question 3

Metabolism kinetics

Answer 3

Zero order (constant)

Question 4

Alternate pathway

Answer 4

CYP450 (CYP2E1)

Reduces glutathione -> reduced antioxidants

Question 5

NT effects

Answer 5

Stimulate GABA (motor)
Inhibite Glutamate (cognitive)
Increase DA in NAc

Question 6

Ethanol effect on fat

Answer 6

Spare utilization of FA -> Lipid deposition

Question 7

Ethanol effect on glucose

Answer 7

Inhibit gluconeogenesis -> Hypoglycemia

Question 8

Effect on corticosteroids

Answer 8

Increase

Question 9

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome hot word

Answer 9

Thin upper lip

Question 10

EtOH interaction with Nitroglycerin

Answer 10

Enhance hypotension

Question 11

Drugs competing with CYP450 for clearance

Answer 11

Aspirin
Phenytoin (prolonges Na channel inactivation)

Question 12

Drug inhibiting stomach ADH

Answer 12

Aspirin

Question 13

Drugs inhibiting ALDH -> Flush

Answer 13

Metronidazole
Cephalosporins
Disulfiram

Question 14

Effect from chronic upregulation of CYP2E1

Answer 14

Acetaminophen hepatotoxic byproducts

Question 15

Alcohol withdrawal Tx

Answer 15

Benzodiazepines

Maybe BB or Clonidine for tachycardia

Question 16

Hangover word

Answer 16

Veisalgia

Question 17

Irreversible ALDH inhibitor

Answer 17

-Disulfuram-

Question 18

Oral opioid antagonist

Answer 18

-Naltrexone-

Question 19

NMDA interactor
(Increase abstinence, no effect on craving)

Answer 19

-Acamprosate-

Question 20

3 off label drugs

Answer 20

Topiramate (GABA facilitator)
Tiapride (Antipsychotic)
Ondansetron (Antiemetic)

Question 21

Methanol end product

Answer 21

Formic acid

Question 22

Ethylene Glycol end product

Answer 22

Oxalic acid

Question 23

Ethylene Glycol Tx

Answer 23

-Fomepizole-

ADH inhibitor