Micro 1 CNS

Question 1

Pleocytosis

Answer 1

Increased WBC in CSF

Question 2

Myelitis

Answer 2

Inflammation of spinal cord

Question 3

Meningismus

Answer 3

Found more in bacterial than viral meningitis

Question 4

Brain stem involvement (ataxia and/or nystagmus)

Answer 4

Suggestive of Listeria

Question 5

Kernig’s sign

Answer 5

Hamstring spasm to protect inflamed sciatic nerve

Question 6

Brudzinski’s sign

Answer 6

Leg flexion in response to neck flexion

Question 7

Highest CSF pressure

Answer 7

Bacterial

Question 8

Normal CSF pressure

Answer 8

50-180

Question 9

Bacterial meningitis Protein & Glucose levels

Answer 9

Protein > 200

Glucose < 40

Question 10

Petechiae

Answer 10

Usually bacterial

Question 11

Immune response

Answer 11

IgA

Complement

Question 12

Bacterial strategies

Answer 12

IgA protease

Polysaccharide capsule against complement

Question 13

Bacterial meningitis: 3 causes of brain edema

Answer 13

Vasogenic (increased BBB permeability)
Cytotoxic
Interstitial (obstruction of CSF flow)

Question 14

Aseptic meningitis lab levels

Answer 14

Protein normal or slightly raised
Glucose unchanged
Lymphocyte dominance

Question 15

Most common meningitis viral cause

Answer 15

Enterovirus

Question 16

Most common encephalitis viral cause

Answer 16

HSV

Question 17

Brain abscess triad

Answer 17

Fever, headache, focal neurologic deficit

Question 18

Brain abscess most common cause

Answer 18

Streptococci (esp. pepto)