PFT Flashcards

1
Q

what is the purpose of PFT

A
  • Identify and quantify changes in pulmonary function die to disease
  • evaluate effectiveness of therapy
  • perform epidemiological surveillance for pulmonary disease
  • assess patients for risk of postoperative complications
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2
Q

primary abnormality for Obstructive disease

A

increased airway resistance

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3
Q

primary abnormality for restrictive disease

A

decreased lung volumes or lung compliance or both

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4
Q

PFT equipment

A

spirometer- used to measure lung volumes
pneumotachometer- used to measure flow
Every measuring device has capacity, accuracy, error, resolution, precision, linearity, & output

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5
Q

what are the 3 principles of measurements ?

A
  1. ) performing spirometry to measure airway mechanics 2.) measuring lung volumes and capacities
  2. )measuring diffusion capacity of lungs
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6
Q

what is the FVC maneuver

A

-most common test of pulmonary mechanics
- deep inhalation with force exhalation
- is dependent on pt cooperation
pt must performed 3 times in order to be acceptable

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7
Q

FEV1

A
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8
Q

FEV1/FVC

A

reduced with obstructive disease
normal with restrictive disease
should at least 70%

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9
Q

reversibility

A

If obstruction is present, reversibility must be evaluated
Done by performing spirometry before & after therapy
Bronchodilator is administered by small-volume nebulizer or MDI
Reversibility indicates effective therapy
Reversibility is defined as 12% or greater improvement in FEV1 & at least 200-ml increase in FEV1

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10
Q

techniques for measuring RV

A
Helium dilution - known amount of helium will be diluted by size of pt's residual volume. 
nitrogen washout 
79% of RV is nitrogen 
volume of N exhaled divided 0.79= RV
body box - follows Boyle's law
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11
Q

TLC normal values

A

about 6 L

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12
Q

normal VC

A

4.8 L, depends on age, gender, height and ethnicity

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13
Q

definition upper airway obstruction

A

defined as any obstruction from the carina up to the external orifices
extra thoracic- vocal chords to mouth.
intra thoracic- vocal chords to carina

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14
Q

Extrathoracic obstruction

A

(vocal chords to mouth)

- flow is reduced during inspiration, flow is normal during expiration.

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15
Q

Intrathoracic obstruction

A

vocal chords to the carina

inhalation is normal, expiration flow is decreased

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