perspectives

Question 1

what are the behaviourist assumptions?

Answer 1

-looks to understand people through a series of rewards and punishments
-when behaviourist observe behaviour they focus on stimulus and response
-they believe they can alter behaviour through a series of stimuli and rewards

Question 2

what is the background for the behaviourist perspective?

Answer 2

watson: humans tabula rasa, took radical behaviourist approach
behaviour that are rewarded will become more common and understanding the external stimuli and the response is crucial
-black box analogy

Question 3

what are the three ways behaviourists think we learn?

Answer 3

-classical conditioning (pairs)
-operant conditioning
-SLT

Question 4

what studies relate to the behaviourist perspective?

Answer 4

-bandura (slt)
-chaney (operant)
-watson and rayner (classical)

Question 5

what did pavlov and skinner found?

Answer 5

classical and operant conditioning

Question 6

what are the strengths of the behaviourist perspective?

Answer 6

scientific- cause and effect which makes findings more convincing and useful

Question 7

what are the weaknesses of the behaviourist perspective?

Answer 7

unethical
little albert never reconditioned so left with fear
cant be repeated or checked for reliability

Question 8

what other perspective is similar to behaviourist?

Answer 8

social area
both assume external influences are the primary cause of our behaviour

Question 9

what perspective is different to behaviourist?

Answer 9

biological area
suggests all behaviour has an internal biological cause

Question 10

what are the assumptions of the psychodynamic perspective?

Answer 10

-strongly influenced by the structure and drives of our unconscious mind, conflict with tripartite personality
-our development is effected by early relationships (childhood trauma)
-important info about the unconscious can be found in how we express ourselves outwardly

Question 11

what studies relate to the psychodynamic perspective?

Answer 11

hancock
freud
kohlberg

Question 12

what are Freuds theories?

Answer 12

-iceberg analogy
-tripartite personality
-psychosexual development

Question 13

strengths of psychodynamic perspective

Answer 13

practical applications
overcome phobias, mental health

Question 14

weakness of psychodynamic perspective

Answer 14

lacks population validity
ungenrelisable
freud- case study

Question 15

how is the psychodynamic perspective similar to cognitive?

Answer 15

focus on internal processes of the mind
cog- behaviour explained by faults in processing memories L+P
psych- role of unconscious mind and ability to drive behaviour through unconscious desires

Question 16

why are the behaviourist and psychodynamic perspectives different?

Answer 16

-B= objective and scientific (bandura controlled lab experiments)
-P= lacks objective evidence (freud subjective)

Question 17

features showing psychology is scientific

Answer 17

-objective
-falsifiable
-cause and effect
-quantitative
-lab
-reliable/standardised

Question 18

features showing psychology isn’t scientific

Answer 18

-subjective
-not falsifiable
-no cause and effect
-qualitative
-self report/ field
-reliability

Question 19

strengths of psych as a science

Answer 19

reliable
valid- cause and effect
lacks experimenter bias
compare conditions

Question 20

weakness of psych as a science

Answer 20

lacks ecological validity
limited usefulness
quantitative data
reductionist

Question 21

features showing research is socially sensitive

Answer 21

-stigma
-controversial
-able to shape laws
-risks harm

Question 22

strengths of socially sensitive research

Answer 22

-shines light on areas neglected my mainstream research
-not all is negative most can be useful

Question 23

weakness of socially sensitive research

Answer 23

-unethical
-marginalise minority groups and label
-used to minimalise the choices made my individuals in the past